Let’s enjoy English 21st

【America is the nation made up with immigrants】

《The wave of immigrants rushed》

Two million of the Jews moved to America after for forty years, and the population on the Jewish in America is over five million at present.

The nation of which the ones aim at going to America spread from the Northwestern Europe to South Europe, to East Europe, to Russia soon. As those people have different culture from those from the Northwestern Europe, they are called the new immigrants, especially four million people moved from Italy for forty years from 1880s, and the community where the Italians gather…

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【America is the nation composed of immigrants】

《The wave of immigrants rushed》

…and the community where the Italian gathered formed and the group of the Mafia who came from its home country grew up there.

Immigrants from each place of the world brought their culture to America, and they’ve made America be a varied nation. The immigrants from Russia brought wheat which can withstand the severe winter, and the wheat has made the both of the state of the South and North Dakota prominent with regard to the production area on the wheat in the world.

The immigrant from Swiss has developed the…

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【America is the nation made up with immigrants】

The immigrant from Swiss has developed the dairy industry in the state of Wisconsin. The immigrants from France has begun to cultivate grape on wine and made California eminent in regard to wine in the world.

《The new immigrants were located in bottom layer in the society》

Every time when the wave of new immigrants rushed to America, the social class America changed so much. The ones who built the America are the ones who were called WASP, which is the abbreviation of the White Anglo Saxon Protestant in the beginning. The Caucasian of the…

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【America is the nation composed of immigrants】

《The new immigrants are located in the bottom layer of the society》

It means that the Caucasians of the Anglo Saxon who are the Protestant and they occupied the position of the leadership in America then, and immigrants came to America from each place of the world.

Though the Irish could speak English they were discriminated against because they were the Protestant. They gained their footing in America soon, and after that others who were from the place no one could speak English and had no technical skill. Those immigrants were located in the…

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【America is the nation made up with immigrants】

《The new immigrants are located in the lowest level of the society》

Those immigrants were located in the bottom layer of the society at first, sharing the slum together, helping each other and were forced to be content themselves with the physical labor of the low wage then.

But when they learned to speak English and made their children receive education, the generation of their children started to climb the social ladder slowly. Then other immigrants came to America, they went into the lower layer than the other immigrants before, and…

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【America is the nation made up with immigrants】

《The new immigrants are in the bottom layer of the society》

…and built their life from the beginning. As the lower layer than them formed, the former immigrant rose the layer which is higher one rank above. It has been repeated until at present.

As to the transition on the harem which is known the black town in New York, Malcolm X who was the leader in the Black liberation movement wrote like the next. As to the order on the immigrants, it’s different from the author of Akira Ikegami, it’s the story of the area on Harem.

I’ve known the…

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【America is the nation made up with immigrants】

《The new immigrants are the lowest level of the society》

I’ve known the harem used to be settlement for the Dutch in the beginning. Then poor immigrants who were half starved in ragged cloth from Europe surged to America many times. They packed everything they have in the bag in hand or in the backpack on the back and came to America.

At first the Germany came, and the Dutch hated it, and disappeared soon, so the Germany occupied the harem. After that the Irish came to America, for they escaped from the famine of the starvation. The Germany…

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【America is the nation composed of immigrants】

《The new immigrants were located in the lowest level of the society》

The Germany despised the Irish and ran away from the harem and the Irish succeeded to the harem. In the next, it’s the Italian, and the same thing happened, the Irish ran away from the Italian. When the Jewish went down to the ramp, the Italian occupied the harem, but the Italian vanished eventually.

The descendants from those people have tried to run away from the descendants of the black people who helped take down from the immigrant ship.

Those people who went into the…

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【America is the nation made up with immigrants】

Those people who went into the bottom layer worked together and helped each other and formed their own community, so the ethnic community from which they were formed each place.

《America practiced a laissez-faire approach》

The government in America practiced a laissez-faire against the wave of the immigrants. In short, it didn’t invite nor restrain the immigrants. Then if coming to America anyway, they were able to be the American, but the law on the naturalization was established in 1802, and the condition that obtaining the Japanese …

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【America is the nation composed of immigrants】

《America practiced laissez-faire approach》

…and the condition that obtaining Japanese citizenship was clarified. They were next two things.

Living in America for five years or longer than five years, and going on living in the state where applying for the American citizenship for a year or longer than a year.

Supporting the constitution in America and announcing to give up the loyalty on the nation from which it was. Everyone was able to be the American with those two conditions, being very easy conditions. The new Americans were born from…

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【American is the nation composed of immigrants】

The new Americans were born from the wave of immigrants one after another.

《The Ellis island became the gate for immigrants》

The number on the immigrants to America increased so much that the government in America established the Immigration Bureaw where inspecting immigrants at the Ellis Island in the gulf of New York in 1828. Twelve million of immigrants landed on America from the island until 1954 when it was abolished.

The ones who landed on the Ellis Island so as to undergo health check by doctors. After being recognized an infectious ….

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【America is the nation made up with immigrants】

《The Ellis Island became the gate for immigrants》

After being recognized communicable disease like trachoma or skin disease, being rejected to land on America and being sent away. After passing the checkup, in the next is the immigration inspection.

Immigrants are asked the nation where they are from, their name and occupation, and some of examiners change the foreigners’ name of which pronunciation is hard into an easy American style as they like, so some foreigners’ name changed in America.

Moreover some of Jewish who ran away from…

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【America is the nation composed of immigrants】

Furthermore some of Jewish who ran away from the discrimination against the Jewish people changed their Jewish name. The Ellis Island have been maintained as tourist attraction and some of Americans visit so as to look at the Immigration Record of their ancestors.

《Having suppressed the Native Americans》

While lots of immigrants went into America, the Native Americans who originally lived in America were driving away deep into the continent one after another.

It has been estimated that no less than a million of the Native Indian lived in the….

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【America is the nation made up with immigrants】

《Having suppressed the Native Americans》

It has been estimated that no less than some a million of the Native Indian lived originally in the continent of the North America before the colonizers came from Europe. The number of the tribe on the main Native American were some hundred.

The government of the United States of America regarded each of tribes on the Native American as each of states, and concluded a treaty with them forcibly and developed the land. Besides, if the colonizers needed the land, they kicked out the Native American from ….

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【America is the nation made up with immigrants】

《Having suppressed the Native Americans》

…they kicked out the Native American from their land and pushed them into the reservation of which barren land wasn’t suitable for farming alone, in short none of the colonizers wanted to live in.

There are two hundred and fifty of reservations for the Native Americans in America at present. As the place is so remote and the land is so poor that the unemployment rate is high and their standard of living remains low.

The government in America has allowed the Native American to manage casino as exception

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【America is the nation composed of immigrants】

So there are some casinos managed by the Native Americans each of places in America. Moreover lots of African people who were different from the colonizer who came to America with their own will were taken to America against with their will as the slaves. They were the black slave. Their number reached a half million in total since 1619.

『Column, the Native American』

Columbus departing aimed at India, and thought of the American continent as India and called the people who lived there the Indian, the people who lived in India, but they are …

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【America is the nation made up with immigrants】

…but they are called the Native Americans at present.

《The movement controlling the new immigrants started》

When the large amount of the new immigrants flew into America, the friction learned to spread into the society of America.

The former immigrant found the place where they settled down and their job at last, and started to lead a stable life, the poor new immigrants rushed to America. Without hating the low wage, the new immigrants worked, the salary of the former immigrant was sometimes dropped.

As the group which had the different ….

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【America is the nation composed of immigrants】

《The movement controlling the new immigrant started》

As the group which had different culture settled down near the former immigrants, the cultural conflict between two of them caused, so the former immigrant learned to exclude the new immigrant. The structure that the former immigrant who accomplished the social ascent excluded the new immigrant appeared.

The first target on the exclusion of the new immigrant was the Chinese. The Federal Parliament Assembly formed the law of excluding the Chinese in 1882, and all the Chineses were forbidden…

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【America is the nation made up with immigrants】

《The movement controlling the new immigrant started》

…and all the Chineses were forbidden to come into America at all. The immigrant from China in the beginning were miners on the gold at the time of the gold rush in California. Forty thousand of the Chineses came over the Atlantic Ocean and came into America in 1850s. Lots of the Chineses were employed for constructing the transcontinental railroad. There were ten thousand of the construction workers, and 90% of them were the Chineses.

There transcontinental railroad was completed in 1869.

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【America is the nation composed of immigrants】

《The movement controlling the new immigrant started》

Then the Chinese employees were unemployed, but almost all of them settled down in America as they were, being daily laborers in farming or lower class workers in the city, especially as the workers in farming worked even if low wage, other workers of the Caucasians in farming repelled them, and the consciousness of the racial discrimination supported and the movement of excluding the Chinese spread.

The Federal Government Assembly focused on the Chineses and enacted the law exhibiting….

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【America is the nation composed of immigrants】

…and enacted the law exhibiting the Chineses to come into America.

Though moving in America newly was forbidden, other Chineses who came into there before and settled down learned to lead a life gathering in the middle of the movement of the discrimination and exclusion, and the China town was formed each place in America.

《Instead of the Chinese immigrant, the Japanese…》

After the Chineses immigrant was forbidden, the Japanese immigrant increased sharply. As the Chinese immigrant didn’t come into America, farm owners learned to pay…

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【America is the nation made up with immigrants】

《Instead of the Chinese immigrant, the Japanese…》

…farm owners learned to pay attention to the Japanese workers. The number of the Japanese were no more than 2000 in 1890, but it was one hundred eighty thousand in the main land, and two hundred thousand in Hawai in 1924.

Lots of those Japanese were rather migrant worker than immigrants then. The youth who tried to work in America and to came home in triumph and went over America. Even if it’s the hard farm work, they worked hard, the ones who went well as farmer appeared one after another

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【America is the nation composed of immigrants】

《Instead of the Chinese immigrants, the Japanese…》

Then the opposition against the Japanese heightened in America this time, and the Gentlemen’s Agreement of 1907 and of 1908 was concluded between Japan and America.
The side of Japan learned to refrain from sending the immigrant to America in the talk between Japan and America.

But Japanese women who got married to the Japanese immigrant who already lived in America were allowed to go into America after that. They watched the photo of the Japanese men sending from America alone, and decided….

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【America is the nation made up with immigrants】

《Instead of the Chinese immigrant, the Japanese…》

…and decided to get married to the Japanese men, what is called the photo wedding.

We can’t imagine doing it at present, but there was an example that even in Japan deciding the engagement with the photo alone, and the bride and the bridegroom met in the wedding ceremony for the first time.

Family members and the relatives worried about the men who went over to America and couldn’t get married looked for women through acquaintances and make them get married.

When arriving America and…

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【America is the nation composed of immigrants】

…and met the man for the first time and was shocked at him because he was different from the photo altogether, there must have been the women like that.

《Immigrant became the quota system》

After the population in America was over a hundred million in 1920, the limitation on the immigrants were strengthened. The Federal Parliament Assembly established the Emergency Immigrant Act in the next year and its content was strengthened in 1924. The number of immigrant America received is decided with each nation. Being based on the number of the Census…

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【America is the nation made up with immigrants】

《Immigrants became the quota system》

Being based on the number of the Census in 1890, dividing the population which were born in foreign nation into each of nations, and the number of the people of 2% of the population were the number which were allowed to come into America as immigrant.

As the result of the calculation, as to the nation of which the number of immigrants which were allowed to come into America were hundred or less than hundred, the number of the immigrant was hundred as bare minimum.

The number of the allowed immigrants in….

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【America is the nation composed of immigrants】

《Immigrants became the quota system》

The number of the allowed immigrants were limited one hundred sixty five thousand in total. The new immigrants increased after the Census in 1890, and determining the year of which standard with regard to the allowed immigrant as in 1890 and aimed at limiting the number of the new immigrants.

America tried not only to accept the Chinese but the poor immigrants coming from each place of the world as less as possible. It’s the movement in which America denied the nation of immigrant for itself, for the social…

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【America is the nation composed of immigrants】

…for the social friction became bigger so much then.

《The Japanese were also excluded》

The quota system is also called 排日移民法 in Japanese sometimes, for its content didn’t permit the Japanese immigrant, but it doesn’t always mean that there was the phrases forbidding the Japanese immigrant, but there was a clause of forbidding foreigners who were unable to naturalize in America.

Its law formed in 1906, and being naturalized in America, it means being an American citizen is the Caucasian and the Africans and their descendants alone. The people…

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【America is the nation made up with immigrants】

《The Japanese were also excluded》

The people of Asian ancestors were neither the Caucasians nor the Africans, so they weren’t able to be the Americans, and the Chinese were forbidden to come into America already, so the foreigners who were unable to be the Americans mean the Japanese.

The clause doesn’t always name the Japanese, but its aim was excluding the Japanese immigrants actually, so it was called 排日移民法 in Japaneses.

As to the immigrant from China, the law forbidding the immigrant was abolished in 1943, and the immigrant from China….

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【America is the nation made up with immigrants】

,,,and immigrant from China was permitted, for China became the ally for America in the World War Ⅱ.

《Japanese American were forced to be in the concentration camp》

Even if learned not to admit the Japanese immigrant in America, there were the Japanese who settled down in America until then, and the descendants who were born from them were able to be the American citizen.

The foreigner who was unable to be the American citizen means that the one who came to America newly from other nation was unable to be the American citizen, but the child…

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【American is the nation made up with immigrants】

《Japanese Americans who were forced to be in the concentration camp》

…but the children who were born in America are able to obtain the American citizenship automatically. The system is like that, but those Japanese Americans were pushed into a corner when the Pacific War broke out in 1941, for Japan which was the homeland of their patents and America which was the homeland of their own made war.

After the attack on the Pearl Harbor was done by the Imperial Japanese Armed Forces, both of the ones who had the Japanese citizenship and the ….

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【America is the nation made up with immigrants】

《Japanese Americans who were forced to be in the concentration camp》

…both of the ones who had the Japanese citizenship and the others who had the American citizenship were classified as enemy aliens and were accommodated in the concentration camp which was built in the place in the middle of nowhere. The deposits were on the Japanese frozen.

The basis in which the Japanese were accommodated forcibly was the executive order issued in 1942. When the war broke out, some a hundred twenty seven thousand of the Japanese Americans lived in the….

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【America is the nation composed of immigrants】

《Japanese Americans who were forced to be in the concentration camp》

…some a hundred twenty seven thousand of the Japanese Americans lived in the main land of America, and 90 % of them were forced to be accommodated. The internment camp was built in the fifteen places in the middle of nowhere like California, Idaho, Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and Arkansas, and the soldiers having weapon watch them in the barracks surrounded by the barbed wire

The Japanese Americans were pushed into a temporary shelter until the internment camp was built.

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【America is the nation composed of immigrants】

《Japanese Americans who were forced to be in the concentration camp》

The Japanese Americans who lived near Los Angels and San Francisco were assigned to stables in the racetrack, so they had to live in the hut where the smell of horse dung wafted for several months.

The things which the ones who were confined in a camp could take out from their house was they can hold in their hands alone, and they had to get rid of the household goods and to leave their house.

Though America made war against Germany and Italy, but neither of German and nor…

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【America is the nation composed of immigrants】

…but neither of the German nor the Italy Americans were forced to be accommodated all together, for as to the incarceration on the Japanese Americans, there was the racial discrimination in the background.

《They fought so as to demonstrate they were the Americans》

The Japanese Americans who joined the army before the war broke out were forced to be discharged from military service, for they were the enemy aliens, and the youth of the Japanese Americans who reached the target age on the soldier weren’t conscripted, but the those youth who were…

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【America is the nation made up with immigrants】

《They fought so as to demonstrate that they were the Americans》

…but those youth who were born in America and had the American citizenship applied for the military force one after another so as to prove they had the American citizenship firsthand.

As a result, the military units made up with the Japanese Americans alone were born, and they were sent to the European theater of the World War Ⅱ.

I’m wondering why the phrase of the theater appeared then.

If sending the soldiers whose faces were the Japanese to the Pacific theater, they …

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【America is the nation composed of immigrants】

《They fought so as to demonstrate that they were the Americans》

…they couldn’t distinguished the foe from the friend, and they were doubted whether or not they could fought against Japan.

But the soldiers who were in charge of the interpretation on the Japanese were sent to the Pacific theater and they interrogated the Japanese slave and analyzed the diary which the Japanese soldiers left and analyzed the plan of operation.

The military unit made up with the Japanese American fought in the Pacific theater fearlessly and boldly. Then their….

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【America is the nation made up with immigrants】

《They fought so as to demonstrate that they were the Americans》

Then their password was go for broke, and the matter of honor was on the battle. They continued to fight in the Italian Front, and the battalion made up with the Japanese Americans alone advanced into the Roma and was ordered to wait when being close to the city in Roma at hand.

When the soldiers were wondering what happened, they got contacted that other military unit made up with the Caucasians went into the city of Rome and the triumphal march was done.

The ones who fought…

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【America is the nation made up with immigrants 】

It’s the military unit made up with theJapanese American who marched into Rome and fought against Germany in Italy, but the honor on the victory was given to the military unit composed of the Caucasians. It’s the reality on the discrimination of the Japanese Americans.

《Being called upon so as to save the military unit composed of the Caucasians》

They fought so fearlessly and boldly that the military units made up with the Japanese Americans was damaged so much, and they couldn’t continue to exist as separated military unit, so the military….

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【America is the nation composed of immigrants】

《Being called upon so as to save the military uni….》

…so the military units were formed again and changed into the regiment. The regiment is the one which received more medal than any other ones in the history of America.

An order was given to the regiment at the forest of Vogue in France suddenly October in 1944, ordering to save the battalion surrounded by the military unit of the Germany. The battalion was made up with two hundred seven of the Caucasians.

The military unit made up with the Japanese American rushed to the forest and….

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【America is the nation made up with immigrates】

《Being called out so as to save the military unit composed of the Caucasians》

…and got violent counterattacked. As a result of developing seesawing fierce battle, the resident could save all the two hundred seven of the Caucasians, but its compensation was the eight hundred of the casualties of the Japanese Americans. No less than eight hundred of the Japanese Americans were dead so as to save two hundred of seven Caucasians.

It was the handling making us feel keenly that the difference between the worth of life the Caucasians and the…

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【America is the nation made up with immigrates】

The handling making us feel keenly there was the difference between the worth of life the Caucasians and the Japanese Americans.

But after that how the Japanese Americans fought bravely was reported greatly in the main land of America, and it all started to see the way of the Japanese Americans by the Americans change so much. The Japanese Americans redeemed with their own blood that they demonstrated they were the Americans.

『column, sacrificing oneself』

The battle on the Japanese Americans caused various drams.

The military unit in which….

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【America is the nation composed of immigrates】

The military unit in which a Private First Class of soldier in the Japanese Americans fought in the Italian Campaign. A German soldier threw a grenade at him, and he thought if it exploded his friends would be dead, so he throw his own body on the grenade and saved other soldiers at the expense of his own life.

《It was made a apology after forty six years 》

Seeking for the movement of apology and compensation against the government in America aroused from the Japanese Americans after the war. It was the Japanese Americans were in the …..

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【America is the nation made up with immigrants】

《It was made an apology after forty six years》

It was that the Japanese Americans were in the concentration camp. It was after forty six years when the demand bore fruit. Then the Ronald Reagan President apologized for the Japanese Americans who went through being forced eviction and being in the concentration camp and signed a bill on the compensation in 1988. Twenty thousand dollars of the compensation money was paid to all the Japanese American who were alive then.

Should we think it’s too late or should we appreciate the gracious that …

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【America is the nation composed of immigrants】

《It was apologized after forty six years》

…or should we appreciate its graciousness that the government in America recognized its mistake?

Anyway it is sure that the restoration of honor on the Japanese American who live in America was done. The number of the Japanese Americans reached some eight hundred thousand according to the National Census in 2000,

Lots of the Japanese Americans have been active each place in America and learned to occupy important posts.

Daniel Inose who lost his right arm is the Japanese American and fought in the….

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【it was the nation of America made up with immigrants】

《It was made an apology after forty six years》

…and fought in the World War Ⅱ and after that being a Senator.

Immediate after the terrorist attack on 9.11, Mineta the Secretary of Transportation forbade all the aircrafts to fly in the whole America, showing us his activity which stood out. He was also a Japanese American.

Eric Shinseki who was the military staff when the outbreak of war against Iraq was done was the Japanese American as well. Rumsfeld who was the Secretary of Defense planned to attack Iraq with little military force.

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【It’s the nation of America made up with immigrants 】

The war against Iraq was imminent then. Shinseki insisted that if attacking Iraq, half of million of soldiers were indispensable so as to stabilize Iraq after the war, and he was forced to resign from the military staff. If looking at the confusion in Iraq after that, we can see his judgement was right. He was appointed to a Cabinet Minister in the Obama government.

《America has opened the door again》

After the World War Ⅱ, America has learned to receive immigrants again. The movement of abolition on the racism against the Black people….

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【It’s the nation of America composed of immigrants】

《America has opened the door again》

The movement of the abolition on the racism against the Black people is in the background. With receiving the movement, the government in America starts to change the policy so as to get rid of the discrimination against the ethnic minority.

As long as the allocation of receiving immigrants with each nation goes on, the ethnic minority remains minor forever, they tend to be discriminated in America. Receiving a variety of race and ethnic groups is indispensable so as to do away with the discrimination.

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【America is the nation made up with immigrants】

《America has opened the door again》

It was the President Johnson belonged to the Democratic Party who promoted the policy. The national origin quota system has been abolished in 1965 and America has learned to issue an immigrant visa with the order which was applied. Named after the President who decided it, it’s called Johnson Reed Act.

But the maximum was fixed. The number of immigrants America receives a year is one hundred seventy thousand from the eastern hemisphere like Europe, Asia, and Africa, one hundred twenty thousand from the….

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【America is the nation made up with immigrants】

…one hundred twenty thousand from western hemisphere like the south and North America, and the maximum on a single nation is twenty thousand. Then the President Johnson signed the new immigrant law at the Liberty Land where the Statue of Liberty stood and made a statement like the next.

The light that the great lady raises today is even more brighter and the golden door she has protected shines brightly in the middle of the light of liberty increasing from the people all over the world. We could believe like that.

《The rate on the….》

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