Let`s enjoy English eleventh

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈We`re what is called 明日のジョー〉

...so the situation was dead end.

After that as a result of the negotiation, all the passengers were released, instead one of vice ministers in the Ministry of Transportation got on the airplane as hostage, and went to North Korea.

Japanese government requested North Korea to extradite the culprits, but North Korea refused it, saying it didn`t have to work for Japanese like the police. After that a news on the sect on the Red Army stopped for a long time.

Actually its members who went to North Korea...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈We`re what is called 明日のジョー〉

The sect on the Red Army who went to North Korea were made to learn by the authority of North Korea, and were steeped in thought of Kim ll Sung. It turned out that they were engaged in an illegal activity so as to spread over the thought of Kim ll Sung in Japan.

『Column, they didn`t know how to get on a airplane』

It was before four days when the sect on the Red Army planed to hijack, but some of them didn`t know where to buy a ticket for the airplane, and others who didn`t know it took times for procedure...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

『Column, they didn`t know how to get on an airplane』

...those people appeared one after another, and the ones who got on the airplane actually were below half of members,so the plan was stopped once, and after that it was carried out again, for there were no students who went through on getting on an airplane, but the plan shows us their careless character.

〈A tragedy in an airport of Israel〉

An airplane belonged to Air France from Paris arrived at an airport at Tel Aviv in Israel May in 1972. Three Japanese who got on from Rome...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈A tragedy in an airport of Israel〉

Three Japanese who received their baggage they checked it at a lobby in the airport, and took out an automatic rifle from the baggage, fired blindly at passengers and officials in charge around the Robby. Twenty four passengers were dead, more than eighty were injured either slightly or seriously then.

They were members of the sect on Red Army. Two of them were dead on the spot after a gun fight with the security party in Israel, and the one was arrested. They participated in attacking Israel as...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈A tragedy in an airport of Israel〉

PFLP which is an abbreviation of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine fought against Israel, and they participated in the battle as a voluntary army.

No one could expect with a come back alive from the attack, so the mass media expressed it Kamikaze attack by the Japanese in America and Europe.

We the Japanese were surprised and shocked that the Japanese youths went to the Middle East all the way, and killed lots of people. A problem in the Middle East was the one far away from Japan...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈A tragedy in an airport of Israel〉

A problem in the Middle East was the one far from Japan until then, but the case made us the Japanese take interested in the problem in the Middle East.

Japanese government which was shocked at the case sent a special envoy Israel and paid for solatium 見舞金. Though it doesn`t always mean that the culprits were representatives from Japan, it`s just an activity by individuals, Japanese government responded to it, Japanese government expressed a responsibility for it.

On the other hand, Red Army became...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈A tragedy at an airport in Israel 〉

On the other hand, Red Army became a hero among Palestine refugees and each nation of Arab. Palestine refugees who named newborn children after the three Japanese who participated in the operation appeared one after another.

When visiting each nation in Arab then, the Japanese were often asked from an Arabian, whether or not they knew the name of those three Japanese.

〈Japanese Red Army was born〉

After hijacked the airplane of よど号 by Red Army, the ones who remained in Japan received a severe...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈Japan Red Army was born〉

After hijacked Yodo go by Red Army, the ones who remained in Japan received a severe search from the police. Shigenobu judged if remaining in Japan as they did, they couldn`t continued the struggle, so they thought of making an international base which was different from North Korea, and the Middle East was chosen then.

After Israel was built in the Middle East, the Arabs who used to live there were driven out of their lands, and became the refugees, ran away to each nation in Arab around Palestine. It`s ...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈Japan Red Army was born〉

It`s the Palestine refugees.

Several organization on guerrilla was born like PLO, and have fought against Israel. Shigenobu thought being received military training there and tried to make an international base for revolution in a scale of the world.

Nobuko Shigenobu and others who were shot to death in Israel flew to Beirut which was capital in Lebanon March in 1971.

About four hundred thousand Palestine refugees were in a camp for the refugees then, and Shigenobu and others chose a course to a joint ...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈Japan Red Army was born〉

...and Red Army like Shigenobu and others who went to there from Japan chose to a joint struggle with the PLO which was the most extreme Palestine guerrilla.

As to the attack at the airport in Tel Aviv, the Red Army adopted a form of participating in the struggle with the PFLP as the voluntary army, but after that they named themselves Japan Red Army.

Japan Red Army carried out its operation with guerrilla of Palestine each place in the world like the nest.

Hijacking an airplane which left for Paris from Tokyo.

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈Japan Red Army was born〉

Explosion on an oil refinery belonged to Shell in Singapore.

Occupation on Japan embassy in Kuwait, France embassy in Holland, and American embassy in Malaysia.

Hijacking an airplane belonged to Japan airline left for Tokyo from Paris again.

It repeating hijack and occupation on the embassy all over the world, and trying to attract attention to the Palestine problem from the whole world.

When their company was caught in the operation, adopting a way of carrying out the next operation asking for its release.

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈Japan Red Army was born〉

Okamoto who was one of members in Japan Red Army and attacked the airport in Israel, arrested in Israel was served imprisonment for life in prison in Israel, but was released with exchange with a soldier in Israel who was a captive by Israel. It is said he was ill mentally when being served in prison.

The situation in the Middle East changed greatly after that. The Peace Treaty between Japan and each nation in Arab was concluded, and the military force of Israel withdrew from the occupied territory in Palestine..

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈Japan Red Army was born〉

...and a self governing dominion by Palestine was born then, and the government in the self governing dominion expected the Japanese government to help economically.

Each nation in Arab around the self governing dominion who was burdened economically thanks to receiving Palestine refugees was attracted by Japanese fund.

Japanese government requested each nation in Arab to stop helping Japan Red Army as collateral for financial aid. Government in each nation Arab welcomed Japan Red Army in the beginning, but....

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈Japan Red Army was born〉

...but Japan Red Army was burdened for the government of each nation in Arab gradually.

Five members in Japan Red Army including Okamoto were arrested by the authority in Lebanon in 1997. It is said the government in Lebanon responded to the request from Japan.

However there was a voice which protested against the arrest from Palestine refugees. Though Lebanese government sent back four members but Okamoto to Japan, but allowed Okamoto to defected in Lebanon politically, for he has been special existence there.

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

『Column, Japan Red Army which didn`t know on Japan』

Japan Red Army which struggled Palestine guerrilla together was questioned by the Palestines in varied ways.

Even if the members in Japan Red Army knew on Russian Revolution and thought by Mao Zedong well, they couldn`t answer anything on Japan itself a bit. They said like the next.

We were forced to be conscious that we were the Japanese, the ones in Asia, at the same time we had none of knowledge both on Japan and Asia.

Extracted from a note by Fusako Shigenobu.

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈Japan Red Army in which fund and weapons were connected〉

We the Japanese were shocked at in a series of cases in which there was the name of the organization on Japan Red Army like hijacking Yodogo and attacking the airport in Israel, but other case which shook us broke out February in 1972. It was a case at Asama mountain cottage.

After lots of members were arrested in Yamanashi prefecture, they became weak owing to hijacking Yodogo and going to the Middle East by the part of members.

They chose to unite with other organization.

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈Japan Red Army in which funds and weapons were connected〉

Other organization was well known as militant group and adopted a course of Chinese revolution by Mao Zedong, and tried to carry out it in Japan.

It tried to fit the theory of Mao Zedong in Japan simply and attacked a gun store, then got a shotgun, and ammunition.

On the other hand, Japan Red Army thought fund was indispensable for the revolution, so attacking banks and post offices in each place and collecting fund.

As a result, Alliance of Red Army was a combination ...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈Alliance of Red Army in which fund and weapon was connected〉

In a word, Alliance of Red Army was a connection between fund and weapon.

Alliance of Red Army made a base camp in mountain of Gunma prefecture and trained of shooting there. It divided its organization into an unit which did a lawful action like a propaganda, and into a military unit which did illegal action.

The military unit escaped from an investigation by the police and planed a next operation then.

〈They confined themselves to a mountain cottage in Asama〉

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈They confided themselves to a mountain cottage in Asama〉

However the base camp was located by the police, and soldiers in Alliance of Red Army escaped from Gunma to Nagano prefecture. They carried out to go over a mountain in winter.

They reached a place where new vacation houses were collected in Nagano prefecture, and the members divided into two, and five of them hid in a cottage of mountain, but were discovered by the police and a gunfight started then.

Some policemen were injured then and five of members ran
away from the...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈They confided themselves to a summer house〉

...and five of members ran away from hiding the cottage and happened to escape to in other resort house nearby. It was a summer cottage for employees belonged to Kawai musical instrument.

They confined themselves to the summer house and held a hostage the wife of a caretaker for the summer house. Then the caretaker went shopping for paying guests and was away from the summer house.

Thus an offensive and defensive battle between Alliance of Red Army and the police in Nagano prefecture and...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈They confined themselves to a summer house in Asama〉

Thus the offensive and defensive battle on Alliance of Red Army and the police in Nagano prefecture and riot police in the Metropolitan Police Department started for ten days February in 1972.

Five of the members who confined themselves set up a barricade within the summer house and made a loophole in the wall and fired often from there.

The summer house was three strayed of reinforced concrete, and was on the slope of mountain. As there was nothing around the summer house, so if a...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈They confined themselves to a summer house in Asama〉

...so if a policeman approached, the five members could look at him from the summer house well. It was as if it had been an impregnable castle.

The police called the parents of the five members there and made the parents urge them to surrender with a speaker, but it`s just that bullets were returned from the five members.

February was depth of winter in Nagano prefecture, so its temperature was below ten at night. Alliance of Red Army and the police continued to stared there.

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈They confined themselves at the summer cottage in Asama〉

Then a person who managed a snack in Niigata prefecture slipped through the encircling net by the riot police and approached the summer house by himself in order to be a hostage instead of the wife of the caretaker, but he was shot death though it was an unexpected accident.

After nine days, the police took into action at last. Suspending an iron ball from a crane, and made the iron ball hit the summer house and destroyed the wall, shooting tear gas from the broken place into ...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈They confined themselves to the summer house in Asama〉

...and shot tear gas from the broken place into the summer cottage, moreover discharging water of high pressure there, and the riot police rushed into the summer house.

Rescuing the hostage safely was the first aim for the police, and at the same time, the police tried to arrest the members of Alliance of Red Army without killing.

Even if the police killed one of them, it would be a hero for the extremists. The police was worried about it, so the police tried to arrest all of...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈They confided themselves to the summer house in Asama〉

...so the police tried to arrest all of them in order to prevent the hero from appearing.

The members of Alliance of Red Army who confided themselves posed soldiers and thought it`s a gunfight by the military force, but the police tried to aim at arresting criminals then.

When the riot police rushed there, two of them were dead by shooting, and twenty four were injured either slightly or seriously.

The female who was caught in the summer house as hostage was rescued safely, and...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈They confided themselves to the summer house in Asama〉

...and all the five of members were arrested then.

NHK stopped a relay broadcasting on National Assembly and continued relaying from the summer house in Asama, and the time of relaying broadcast reached no less than ten hours and forty minutes.

Each TV station in commercial broadcasting stopped CM and continued relaying as well.

When the hostage was rescued, the highest audience rating on TV adding NHK and commercial broadcasting was 89.7%. The people in the whole Japan was ...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈They confided themselves to the summer house in Asam〉

The people in the whole Japan were glued t to their TV sets then.

After the hostage was released, one of fathers of five members of Alliance of Red Army watched the case on TV in his house hanged himself.

I apologized for a person who was the hostage from the heart of the bottom. Even if I was dead, it can`t be forgiven, but I apologixe with my death.

His will was left.

『Column, Alliance of Red Army were exposed thanks to a bad smell』

Members of Alliance of Red Army reached...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

『Column, Alliance of Red Army was exposed on account of a bad smell』

Nine members in Alliance of Red Army who reached Nagano prefecture decided to run away separating into two groups, and four of them got into a train from Nagano prefecture then.

As they hid themselves in mountain for a month, so their hair grew so long and their body was so dirty that a bad smell gave off from their body, but they weren`t aware of it at all.

When going shopping at a station, a salesclerk in the shop found suspicious a group who was a peculiar...

【Japan was in uproar owing to a rebellion by students】

〈Column, Alliance of Red Army exposed itself thanks to a bad smell〉

...a salesclerk in a shop found suspicious a group who was peculiar appearance and gave off the bad smell, and reported it to the police through a station employee, so four of them were arrested.

In addition it turned out that other members who gave off the bad smell got on bus from Nagano prefecture from a bus driver, so it was discovered that they hid in the place where the summer houses were gathered.

〈They killed lots of their comrades〉

Though we were relieved...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈They killed lots of their comrades〉

Though we were relieved that the hostage was rescued safely, Japan was in uproar on account of astounding fact, for members of Alliance of Red Army who were arrested started to confess that they killed their comrades and buried them in the mountain.

When being in the base camp in the mountain of Gunma prefecture, they lynched their comrades and killed twelve of them.

Moreover other organization before it was added to Alliance of Red Army, it killed two people. They killed no less than fourteen....

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈They killed their comrades〉

In short they killed their fourteen comrades in total.

Masaharu Gotoda who was the Commissioner General of the National Policy Agency said it`s ridiculous, and was unable to speak any more then.

It was unbelievable case in which even the police couldn`t believe easily. It was done when being hid themselves in mountain from December in 1971 to February in in 1972.

When living in mountain far from any human dwelling in a group composed in small number, they killed their comrades one by one with the lynch....

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈They killed their comrades〉

...they killed their comrades with a lynch one by one under a name of generalization. The one who participated in lynch was the one who received the lynch in the next day, it continued then.

〈Being lynched one after another under the name of generalization〉

Tsuneo Mori who was a leader in Red Army and Hiroko Nagata who was a leader in other organization. Their words were absolute for other members.

Two of the leaders blamed a trifle manners and actions on their members and criticized them, asking self...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈Being lynched one by one under the name of generalization〉

...requesting a self criticism. After being criticized, it would criticize for itself, and make a generalization on its weak point and error of its action.

Others around the one who was criticized criticized and helped the one who was criticized to grow to be a revolutionary warrior. They called it being communism.

If living both of males and females in twenties in group together in a small space, there are lots of something awkward and misunderstanding, but the group who was...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈Being lynched one by one under the name of generalization〉

...but the group which was obsessed with accomplishing a violent revolution and got excited couldn`t forgive and forget it, nor laughed at it.

A female member put on a ring and make-up and she was criticized from Nagata, and it led to the generalization.

A male and female of members talked together friendly alone became an objection on the generalization.

In the beginning, it was words alone, but the generalization escalated little by little.

Mori said he would hit so as to...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈Being lynched one by one under the name of generalization〉

It is said Mori made a speech like the next.

He would hit so as to get over a limitation on generalization until then and to made it generalize truly. Hitting is a direction. Hitting to much and makes it faint.

When coming out from the faint, it could have been born an other one and received the communism.

Even if we are hit harder, it doesn`t always mean we faint like in a movie or novel. When hitting harder some of them couldn`t faint, so Mori was unrest, and he directed...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈Being lynched one by one under the name of generalization〉

...and Mori directed other members who were his subordinates to punch and to kick more and more. Besides some of them were left alone in the mountain below zero temperature, with their limbs tied.

When the member who received the generalization was dead, he shouted it was dead of loss because he couldn`t generalize.

After that killing their comrades for themselves, shifting their responsibility onto the victim itself, saying it lost.

Mori said its spirit lost and led to the...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈Being lynched one by one under the name of generalization〉

Its spirit lost and led to physical death. If trying to be a warrior on revolution sincerely, it chouldn`t have be dead, he asserted like that.

However he felt unrest on unexpected death and created a theory of pushing his responsibility off onto the victim.

If concluding that being dead was its own responsibility, a consciousness of being murder became weak and thus the generalization continued.

A one was criticized by all the others, and made it generalize, and if the one...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈Being lynched one by one under the name of generalization〉

...and if the one was dead, then other member became an objection for being criticized because the way of criticizing was in the wrong. In this way the members were killed one after another.

There were three brothers who joined, when the eldest one received the generalization, Mori made younger brothers hit the elder one.

The one who was hit assented to being hit, it was hit without complaining. Nagata said on it like the next.

We have to over come a feeling as brother so as...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈Being lynched one by one under the name of generalization〉

We had to get over a feeling as brother in order to being communism, and believed that we could build a new relation as brother then, so we persuaded them into hitting their elder brother desperately.

Then we saw them hit their elder brother tears in their eye, they got over the feeling and they did their best, I thought like that and was moved it.However actually I tore love between them as brother terribly.

It was under her wrong selfish impression.

Some of victims were ...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈Being lynched one by one under a word of generalization〉

Two victims were criticized their action in the past, and death penalty was sentenced. They said they regretted, for they couldn`t be dead as warrior on revolution, and without being opposed to it, they were killed.

Both of victims and murderers were caught by something insane then. They took into action as comrade together, but they killed others so easily that the author said he was startled at it.

Tsuneo Mori who used to be the leader killed himself in a house of detention ...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈Being lynched one by one under the name of generalization〉

Tsuneo Mori who used to be the leader committed a suicide in the house of detention in 1973.

Death penalty was settled on Yoko Nagata and Hiroshi Sakaguchi who used to be an executive in 1993.

After the case by Alliance of Red Army, Japan Red Army occupied American embassy in Malaysia in 1975, and requested Japan to release seven members including Sakaguchi.

Making sure an intention on themselves, five of them were released, but Sakaguchi refused to be released, though he...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈being lynched one by one under the name of generalization〉

...though he understood his trial was continued in Japan as it did, he would receive the capital punishment, he chose to stay in Japan.

When waiting for an execution on his death penalty in the House of Detention, he went on composing tanka and he became be well known as tanka poet.

Next day of a heavy snow, the branch of a tree was broken owing to weight by the snow. Sakaguchi saw it from the window of the House of Detention, and saw the shape of his comrades who were...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈Being lynched one by one under the name of generalization〉

...he saw the shape of his comrades who he lynched in the broken branch and composed like the next.

There were friends who were dead by the lynch in my heart, and I felt as if the branch broken by the snow had cried.

The discovery on the murder case of lynch by Alliance of Red Army struck the last blow to the student movement in Japan which fell off.

The rebellion which brought a uproar into the Japanese islands by students caused a horrifying result, so students who were .....

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students

〈Being lynched one by one under the name of generalization
〉

...so the students who were startled at the murder cases withdrew from the student movement, and it`s just that a languid campus was left.

〈Shigenobu had returned to Japan〉

Everyone thought Shigemori was in the Middle East but she was arrested in Osaka November in 2000. She said she dissolved Japan Red Army, and said the point it wasn`t the time of struggling by armament.

Lots of members of Red Army went to North Korea. Some of them had no news after that, and others were dead.

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈Shigemori had already returned to Japan〉

Another who returned to Japan in secret and then was arrested. After the case some women went to North Korea and got married to the members, and some of them had children.

Three of the children hoped to go to Japan and their hope came true. It is said their fathers wanted to return to Japan, but if returning, they would be arrested by the Japanese police, so they sent their children to Japan at first, and thought what they should do. They seem to think like that.

One of children of the members...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈Shigemori had already returned to Japan〉

One of children of the members on Red Army was asked on highjacking accidents caused by their fathers, and answered she knew it by reading a book. She said she thought what a crazy thing they did.

The time has changed altogether. They tried to change the society, but the society changed for itself.

However Shigemori who returned to Japan proclaimed the dissolution on Japan Red Army, she said she would continue the movement of changing the society.

What do the ones who dreamed of revolution...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈Shigemori had already returned to Japan〉

What have the ones who dreamed of a revolution thought of at present?

〈After that, what`s happened?〉

As to the rebellion by students, it was pointed out that the time the students in university were a part of elite was over, going to university has been brought into widespread in society. It was the background on the time.

Lots of people have learned to go to university more and more after that. As the Ministry of Education has eased the standard on establishing university, new universities...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈After that what`s happened?〉

...so new universities were born one after another in the whole Japan. After the war when university was born each place in Japan, a phrase which made fun of the situation was born. It`s 駅弁大学.

It means that university exists every station, but the university has learned to exist so much as if it were a convenience store at present. Should we call it the university like convenience store?

While the number of university has increased rapidly, dwindling birth rate has made the time start that everyone can...

【Japan was in uproar due to a rebellion by students】

〈After that, what`s happened?〉

...dwindling the birth rate made the time come that everyone can go to university somewhere.

As a result, dropping the academic ability on students in university has gone ahead. Professors aren`t worried about the rebellion by students at present. Instead they responded to students whose academic ability was low with difficulty.

I`m going to go into a new chapter from now on.

【Remodelling Japan Islands and Kakuei Tanaka】

〈Makiko appeared on a news〉

Junichiro Koizumi Cabinet was born April in 2001, and...

【Remodelling the Japan Islands and Kakuei Tnaka】

〈Makiko Tanaka appeared on a news〉

...and Makiko Tanaka took office as the Minister of Foreign Affairs in the Cabinet. Her behaviors and remarks became a news one by one. Why?

Needless to say, her unique character caused various praise and criticism, and it became the news, but she reminded us lots of the Japanese of Kakuei Tanaka who was her father at her background

Without an appealing on Kakuei Tanaka, there was no appealing on Makiko Tanaka. Her father was also marked praise and criticism.

He became the Prime Minister with a high...