Let’s enjoy English 22nd

【What’s the security bills?】

《Let’s look at its content》

The security bills have formed the19th day October and promulgated the 30th day on the same month in 2015, and it was supposed to carry out by the end of March in 2016. What kind of the law is the security bills?

The author suggest we should make sure it’s content.

Roughly speaking, it made up with two of parts.

The one is amending the law which has already been or changing its name, including ten laws.

The other is the International Peace Support Law which is established as the new law. Each of name on the law and contents are…

【Ten changes on the law and new one】

《Let’s look at its content》

Each name on the law and each content are like the next.

① Self Defense Forces Act. Protecting the military unit like the American military and its weapons,Japanese residents living abroad and rescuing them becomes possible.

②Act on for Cooperation for United Nations Peacemaking Operations and Other Operations.

Alleviating the criterion on using weapons, maintaining public security and rush-to-the-rescue mission becomes possible, and even if the request except for the United Nations, jointing in it is possible.

③ 重要影響事態法

【Ten changes on the law and new one】

《Let’s look at the content》

③重要影響事態法

I’m sure the concept of this thread of mine is expressing everything in English, but when expressing its Forman name in English isn’t fun, so I’m going to omit it.

It used to be limited to the area around Japan alone, but the geographical limitation is abolished. Being able to provide ammunition by logistic support, to fill up oil or to maintain the military aircraft of other nation preparing for starting fly for the battle.

④Act on ship inspection. It’s possible the execution on the activity of the territory of…

【What’s the security bills?】

《Let’s look at the content》

…it’s possible the execution on the activity of the territory of foreign nations.

⑤武力攻撃事態法

If Japan is attacked direct or even if being in the dangerous situation of surviving, Japan can exercise the military force, allowing the right of collective self defense.

⑥米軍等公道円滑法

Adding to the support for the military force belonged to foreign nations of which risky situation of surviving.

⑦特定公共施設利用法

Except for the military force in America, the military force in other nations can take advantage of harbors and airfields.

【Ten changes on the law and new one】

《Let’s look at the content》

⑧海上輸送規制法

Being able to adopt the risky situation of surviving.

⑨捕虜取扱法

It’s the same as the ⑧

⑩国家安全保障会議設置法

Adding the risky situation of surviving to the item of deliberation.

11国際平和支援法

Under the resolution by the United Nations, carrying out the logistic support to the military force of each nation in cooperation for the security and peace in the international society.

Though the characters of each law is different so much, the government, the ruling party submitted no less than eleven bills to the National Assembly….

【What’s the security bills?】

…making them one and made them form by force.

《How does the activity on the self defense force change concretely?》

How does the activity on the self defense force change concretely in the security bills this time? When looking at those laws, some of them resemble. For example, 国際平和協力法 which is equivalent to ② and 国際平和支援法 take after each other. What’s difference between them?

The word of the 事態 is included in two of them. What kind os situation is assumed on them?

Though it’s not the name of the law, but the works of risky situation of surviving appear often.

【Ten changes on the law and new one】

《How does the activity on the self defense force change concretely?》

As to those difference, please look at the photo.

We’ve often heard of the Self Defense Force Act or the Act on Ship inspection, but it’s the 捕虜取扱法 which isn’t familiar with us unexpectedly, but the law has already formed like that, but Japan couldn’t have made war, but that kind of law exists, it’s something strange.

It has been determined that the prisoner of war should do the humanitarian treatment in the Geneva Convention. After the World War Ⅱ, Japan has also joined in it.

【What’s the security bills?】

《How does the activity on the self defense force change concretely?》

But there wasn’t the domestic law responding to it for a long time. Without making a war, we don’t have to think of the prisoner of war, but it can’t always said that any foreign nation doesn’t attack Japan, then Japan is supposed to protect its nation with the right to of individual self defense. It means if fighting then, it’s possible that taking some soldier belonged to other nation captive, so we should form the law, so the bill done at the time of the Koizumi Cabinet.

The spotlight of…

【Ten changes on the law and the new law】

The spotlight of this time is the right of collective self defense. If exercising the right of collective self defense force and fighting, Japan may have taken soldier of other nations which attack America captive, so the amendment on the law has to be done.

《is the collective deliberation on eleven bills was too rash》

Deliberating eleven amendment on the law and new law all together was so rash. At least we should separate amendment on the law from the new law. It is natural for the people to be confused.

The new law which is the 国際平和支援法 is a …

【What’s are the security bills?】

《The collective deliberation bills all together was too rash》

The new law which is the 国際平和支援法 is related to the international contribution on Japan, and it has nothing to do with the right of collective self defense, and the one which is related to do with the right of collective self defense is mainly 武力攻撃事態法 and 重要影響事態法.

When crucial thing which is threaded the peace and security in Japan breaks out, how should Japan take into action? Then should we adopt the right of individuals self defense alone? Or should we choose the right of collective self…

【Ten changes on the law and new law】

Or should we choose the right of collective self defense force as well? Two of those things and how Japan should contribute to the international society is other things. The author said we should have separated it from the other.

《What it the new law of 国際平和支援法？》

What is the 国際平和支援法 which was organized newly? To be concrete, what kind of law is it?

If a nation takes into action of invading other one, the international society stands together and says to stop it, and penalizing, and if making war, Japan provides logical support, but the case Japan…

【What’s are the security bills?】

《What is the new law of the 国際平和支援法？》

…but the case Japan provided logical support has a condition of issuing the UN Security Council resolution.

The author suggested we should think of the Gulf War as example. Then Iraq invaded Kuwait which is the next nation, and the United Nations issued the resolution and demanded Iraq to withdraw at once so as to stop the invade. Moreover adopting other resolution by the United Nations that without withdrawing until the deadline, carrying out the exercise of use of force, but Iraq didn’t listen to it.

As a result…

【Ten changes on the law and new law】

《What is the new law of the 国際平和支援法？》

…the multinational force of which center was America took a military action and the Gulf War broke out then.

When the kind of war happens, the 国際平和支援法 assumes the case Japan provides the logical support for the multinational force.

The invasion is apt to happen everywhere on the earth, so it has been thought the invasion breaks out on opposite side on the earth in the future and Japan is involved in the form of supporting logistic support for it.

Some people criticized that we go to the opposite side of the earth….

【What are the security bills?】

《What is the new Law of the 国際平和支援法?》

Some people criticized that we even go to the opposite side of the earth and make a war?

The thing in which the criticism keeps in mind is the law of the 国際平和支援法.

If the self defense force goes to the opposite side of the earth and provides logistic support for the multinational force, though it’s for the military force in America actually, and then the enemy country attacks Japan and Japan may have been involved in the war whether Japan likes it or not. Then the member of the self defense ends up killing or being killed.

【Ten changes on the law and the new law】

《What is the new law of the 国際平和支援法?》

The criticism was like that.

Providing logistic support isn’t always safe, and it’s shown in the example on Germany sending the military force to Afghanistan.

The 国際平和支援法 has nothing to do with the right of collective self defense, but it’s included in the security bills. Why? Because the government has wanted to make a permanent law.

Whenever something happened, the government dealt with a temporary law. For example, when attacking Afghanistan, Japan Maritime Self Defense Force was sent to the Indian Ocean.

【What’s are the security bills?】

《What is the new law of the 国際平和支援法?》

America thought it was attacked from Al Qaeda led by Osama bin Laden so attacked Afghanistan. Then Japan dispatched escort ships and supply ships belonged to the Japan Maritime Self Defense Force to the Indian Ocean so as to provide logical support for the military force in America attacking Afghanistan and Japan filled up the oil on the sea, making the law of Anti Terrorism Special Measure Law form, and sent the military force.

Or dispatching to Iraq. It was in 2004 after America attacked Iraq, dispatching the Japan…

【Ten changes on the law and the new law】

…dispatching the Japan Ground Self Defense Force and did the human-right based reconstruction support activities, responding with the temporary law. Japan dealt with them, making the law one by one, but it take time too much, if judging it’s indispensable, obtaining the approval at the National Assembly and we need to take into action at once, the government seemed to think like that and the permanent law was made this time.

《There is a possibility that the self defense force is sent to the conflict zone of Islamic State》

America carried out the…

【What’s are the security bills?】

《There is a possibility that the self defense force is sent to…》

America carried out the air raid on the Islamic State which is the organization of Islamic
Extremists at the time when the book was written, it isn’t necessarily that America doesn’t send the ground troops to Iraq and Syria and fight against the Islamic State in the future.

If America asks Japan to join forces, what should Japan do then?

Though its premise is the resolution in the United Nations, if Japan cooperates with America, Japan doesn’t have to make the law newly as long as there is…

【Ten changes on the law and the new law】

《There is the possibility that the self defense force is sent…》

…Japan doesn’t have to make a law newly as long as there is the permanent law.

The Abe government would ask the approval to the National Assembly, saying wanted to send the self defense force being based on the 国際平和支援法. The law says it has to triy to be resolved within seven days each of the House of Representatives and of the Councilors, trying to make a decision within fourteen days in total.

It means resolving at once at the National Assembly and being able to send the military…

【What are the security bills?】

《There is the possibility that the self defense force is sent to…》

It means resolving at once at the National Assembly and being able to send the military force by far faster than ever. Deliberating at the National Assembly is the same, but how much can we carry out fruitful deliberation within fourteen days alone?

One more thing, there is the 国際平和協力法 with regard to the law on the international contribution of which common name is what is called the law on the PKO.

When the armed conflict calmed down to some extent, the United Nations carry out varied ….

【Ten changes on the law and the new law】

The self defense force joins in the varied activities as well.

《We have to prepare for victims from the self defense force with the amendment on what is called the PKO協力法》

The 国際平和支援法 is providing logistic support in emergency.

On the other hand, the PKO協力砲 is the activities in the peacetime, but even if being in the peacetime, no one can expect at any time the armed conflict breaks out again, so the activity has to be done in very unstable situation, forced to be in constant danger. So when being engaged in the duty, involving the risk.

【What are the security forces?】

《We have to prepare for victims from the self defense force…》

So the government has established five principles for joining in the PKO. The self defense force is sent as long as satisfying those principles.

The five principle for joining in the PKO are like the next.

1 The ceasefire agreement formed between the disputing parties.

2 The nation which allows Japan to come in and disputing parties agrees with that Japan and the PKO join in the activity of peacekeeping operation.

3 Adhering to the neutral position.

4 Without being satisfied with those…

【Ten changes on the law and the new law】

《We have to prepare for victims from the self defense force….》

4. Without satisfying those principles, being able to withdraw.

5 Using weapons is limited at least necessary so as to protect its own life.

The content on the 5 is changed this time. Safety Assurance Activities and rush-to-rescue mission are required, learning to be able to use weapons so as to accomplish its duty.

The safety assurance activities is being engaged in maintaining the peace in the area.

What is the rush-to-rescue mission?

When the military force of other nation or…

【What’s are the security bills?】

《We have to prepare for victims from the self defense forces…》

When the military forces or private citizens of other nation are attacked at the place where the self defense forces are sent, the self defense force rush there and help them. It’s the rush-to-rescue mission. It means jumping into dangerous situation on purpose, so it wasn’t allowed in the past, but it is from now on.

As to the security and rush-to-rescue mission in other nation, when armed force obstructing the duty on the self defense forces appears, what should the self defense force do?

【Ten changes on the law and the new law】

《We have to prepare for victims from the self defense forces…》

Then members of the self defense force can use weapons and eliminate it so as to accomplish their duty.

For example, when rushing to the situation in which the military forces of other nation is attacked by armed force, even if the self defense forces aren’t attacked, the self defense force can help the military force force of other nation and fight back.

On the other hand, members of the self defense force can use weapons so as to protect themselves and other members under their control

【Ten changes on the law and the new law】

《We have to prepare for victims from the self defense force…》

It was unavoidable case alone, except for it, no one could use weapons before, but the case in which being able to use the weapons increases.

Needless to say, the risk on the self defense force heightens as anyone can see, for it’s natural to undertake the risky duty. It means that we have to prepare for victims from the self defense force in the future.

As to the point on the PKO law, it’s like that. Considering it, it has nothing to do with the right of the self defense direct, for…

【What’s are the security legislations?】

…for it’s the thing on the international contribution.

After all, submitting eleven bills to the National Assembly all at once and deliberating the bills on the right of collective self defense force and others together, the deliberation was complicated, and we misunderstood them, in the end we were completely lost.

《What is the 重要影響事態法？》

The definition on the 重要影響事態方 is the situation if leaving it alone, our nation is attacked by armed force or there is the fear of it, or the situation having important influence over our nation.

It used to be…

【Ten changes on the law and the new law】

《What is the 重要影響事態法？》

It used to be thought it was around Japan if breaking out before, but it’s not necessarily, it may have happened far away from Japan, so the geographical limitation has been abolished.

If thinking about it rationally, the emergency on the Korean Peninsula or the Taiwan, but if removing the limitation, it is thought the South China Sea of which tension heightens lately is the objection.

What is going to do Japan in the 重要影響事態法？

For example, the case of the North Korea and South Korea make war. If leaving it alone, Japan may…

【What are the security bills?】

《What is the 重要影響事態法?》

…Japan may have caught in the crossfire. In the case like that, Japan carries out the logistic support on the military force to the nation like America. It’s the aim on the 重要影響事態法.

周辺事態法 is revised and becomes the 重要影響事態法. In the 周辺事態法, the one which Japan supports was the military force belonged to America alone, but in the revised law, the military force in other nation is the object as well. The government in Japan bears in mind the military force in Australia.

As to the content on the support, being able to supply ammunition….

【What’s are the security legislations?】

…being able to supply ammunition, to supply oil and to maintain the military aircraft belonged to other nation preparing for start for the battle.

《What is the 存立危機事態？》

The 重要影響事態 escalates and becomes more serious, it’s the 存立危機事態. The government in Japan has made up this time so as to carry out the right of collective self defense, revising the 武力攻撃事態法 and incorporating varied regulation into the 存立危機事態 and 重要影響事態. Its definition is like the next.

Armed attacked breaks out in other nation close to Japan by other nation, and is threatened the…

【Ten changes on the law and the new law】

《What is the 存立危機事態? 》

…and is threatened the existence of our nation and there is obvious danger that the life on the people, the right seeking after the happiness and liberty are overturned from the bottom. The situation like that is the 存立危機事態.

The other nation which is close to Japan, meaning having a good relationship with Japan, so it seems to be America alone, but it doesn’t always mean like that, but as to the concrete country name, it’s not clear.

When falling into the 存立危機事態, Japan can exercise the use of force and by using the right of …

【What’s are the security legislations?】

《What is the 存立危機事態?》

…Japan can exercise the use of force by using the right of collective self defense.

But when something dangerous breaks out around Japan and other area, there is the possibility that the government judges it’s the 存立危機事態 on its own and it exercise the right of collectives self defense. It is put a brake on it to some extent so as to prevent the government from doing it.

1 It has to be certified as the 存立危機事態.

2 There is no other ways.

3 Bringing a stop to the use of force which is minimum necessary.

4 Agreement or request …

【Ten changes on the law and the new law】

《What is the 存立危機事態？》

4 Agreement or request from the nation received the armed attack is indispensable.

5 Diet approval is necessary beforehand in principle.

As to the 1, what is the situation on the 存立危機事態 concretely?

The author said he was going to deal it with later at once.

As to the 2, if there is room for solution like discussion or diplomatic negotiations, they are prioritized.

As to the 5, as principle, it’s hard to judge, for there seems to be some exceptions.

There is one more thing from the eleven items. It’s 米軍等行動円滑化法. It’s related…

【What are the security bills?】

《What is the 存立危機事態?》

It’s related to the right of collective self defense. This time the word of 等 is added to the name, meaning the one which Japan supports isn’t the military force in America alone.

When Japan is attacked from other nation, the military force belonged to America rushes to Japan so as to protect Japan and Japan supplies ammunition, oil, water and food for America. It was the military force in America alone in the law, but the law is revised, the object of supply extends to the military force in other countries, being able to support the...

【Ten changes on the law and the new law】

…being able to support the military force in Australia as well.

On top of that, in the situation of 存立危機事態, in the case of being able to exercise the right of collective self defense, being able to supply likewise to the military force in America.

《The explanation by the government with regard to the exercise on the right of collective self defense, in the case of protection of US ship in which a Japanese mother and her children》

The Abe Prime Minister expressed the two examples on the 存立危機事態.

1 The self defense force protects the US ship which….

【What are the security legislations?】

《The explanation by the government….》

1 The self defense force protects the US ship in which a Japanese mother and her children are escaping from the dispute area.

2 The strait of Hormuz is blockaded with the maritime mine.

But the explanation by the government was inconsistent so much, for its theory was put together at the last minute, if being pursued in varied way, the explanation is apt to be inconsistent.

After deciding the change on the interpretation of the constitution in the Cabinet, the Abe Prime Minister said like the next in the press….

【Ten changes on the law and the new law】

《The explanation by the government….》

…the Abe Prime Minister expressed in the press conference like the next on the first day June in 2014.

For example, a dispute breaks out overseas all of a sudden, when America which is the allied power for Japan and being able to rescue is in the middle of transporting the Japaneses who tried to escape from the dispute area, it may have been attacked near the Japan sea. It’s not the attack against our nation itself, but the self defense force protects the US ship so as to defend the life of the Japanese people.

【What are the security bills?】

《The explanation by the government…》

It’s the decision on the Cabinet this time which being able to do it.

The Abe Prime Minister showed the panel in the press conference room, and there was the picture of the Japanese mother and her children was drawn on it.

The nation which is the South Korea received the armed attack from the enemy nation meaning the North Korea, the Japanese mother and her children were left behind the South Korea, and when the military force in America rescue them and bring them back home from there, it may have been attacked from the...

【Ten changes on the law and the new law】

《The explanation by the government…》

…it may have been attacked from the North Korea, so if being requested from America, it’s natural for us to protect the US transport ship.

The Abe Prime Minister said like that then, but much later the Minister of Defense said like the next.

It’s not absolute thing whether or not the Japanese nationals are in the ship. It’ one of elements when judging the situation, saying the self defense force may protect the US ship in which there is none of the Japanese. If it’s so, what’s the expression by the Abe Prime…

【What are the security bills?】

《The explanation by the government…》

…what’s the explanation by the Abe Prime Minister in the press conference room?

The author said he researched the homepage on the US Embassy in Tokyo then. and when looking at the Q&A segment, the thing which the Department of state can do, and the thing which it can’t, the response which the Department of State can do was shown there with the form of Q and A.

When going for overseas so as to go on a travel or for staying there, the American are worried about how much the government in America help them.

The explanation …

【Ten changes on the law and the new law】

《The explanation by the government…》

The explanation was written there like the next.

The citizens own the American nationality are prioritized which America rescue in emergency. You must not expect to be used the aircraft chartered by the government in America so as to evacuate your friends and relatives who don’t have the nationality of America as means of transportation of non profit, saying the one who they rescue is the citizen owns the American nationality is prioritized.

When asking, can you help us by using the military force, answering…

【What are the security bills?】

《The explanation by the government….》

…answering it’s the scenarios in Hollywood which the military force in America takes the field so as to rescue the citizens, saying they don’t do as a practical material.

Even the people who have the American nationality are like that, even if the people in allied power, can they help them Japanese by even using the military force? It’s impossible.

But if being shown that kind of picture, the self defense force helps them Japanese, so it goes and protects is natural, then the exercise of the use of force can’t be helped.

【Ten changes on the law and the new law】

But it’s impossible actually. It means the government carried out the impression management so as to admit the exercise of the right of collective self defense by the National, don’t it?

Lately the government has said whether or not the Japanese are in, it’s possible the government certifies the 存立危機事態 and protects the military force in America.

《The contradiction on removing the maritime mine in the Strait of Hormuz》

It’s removing the maritime mine in the Strait of Hormuz which the Abe Prime Minister showed the second example. Japan import the….

【What are the security legislations?】

《The contradiction on removing the maritime mine in the Strait of Hormuz》

Japan imports the petroleum, and some 80% of it is by way of the Strait of Hormuz. If the place is blockaded with the maritime mine, Japan falls into the energy crisis, and it could be the situation threatening the existence of Japan, therefore sending the self defense force so as to remove the maritime mine is possible, the government says like that.

But the Strait of Hormuz is very narrow one, its width is no more than from 30 to 40 km. The north is Iran and the south is Oman.

【Ten changes on the law and the new law】

《The contradiction on removing the maritime mine in the Strait of Hormuz》

Its width is very narrow and each of territorial sea is overlapped, so it’s divided into two, the side of Iran and the other side of Oman with the middle. The international shipping route, meaning the route in which a tanker goes through, is set up on the side of Oman, for Iran is isolated internationally.

If thinking Iran blockades the Strait of Hormuz, it could have laid the maritime mine on the side of Oman where there is the international shipping route, but laying the…

【What are the security bills?】

《The contradiction on removing the maritime mine in the Strait of Hormuz》

…but laying the maritime mine is the combat activity on the international law. If scattering the maritime mine over the Territorial sea belonged to Oman, it means that Iran wages the war on Oman. Then how does Oman take into action?

Oman belongs to the collective defense mechanism, the GCC, of which abbreviation is Gulf Cooperation Counicl.

Each of Oman, Qatar, Kuwait, and United Arab Emirates is such a small nation that they can’t compete with Arab, so involving Saudi Arabia which is…

【Ten changes on the law and the new law】

《The contradiction on removing the maritime mine in the Strait of Hormuz》

…involving Saudi Arabia which is a big power and has established the GCC.

Oman asks the help for Saudi Arabia, and Saudi Arabia thinks Iran wages the war on Oman, there is the possibility that Saudi Arabia takes into action. Then all out confrontation, by the big powers in the Middle East, Iran vs Saudi Arabia.

Two of them are the big powers, the one is the Sunni in Islam, and the other is Shiite in Islam, so it could develop into the third war in the Middle East, even the …

【What are the security legislations?】

《The contradiction on removing the maritime mine on the Strait of Hormuz》

…even to the Third World war. The situation is devastated extremely.

As a result, Iran will be ruined, but we can say the situation is impossible. Considering like that, removing the maritime mine in the Strait of Hormuz is the assumption in which we can find it hard.

The Abe Prime Minister was asked about it on the National Assembly, and answered like the next.

The ceasefire agreement has formed actually, but not being in the formal ceasefire agreement at present, and if…

【Ten changes on the law and the new law】

《The contradiction on removing the maritime mine in the Strait of Hormuz》

…and if being in the situation of threatening the existence of Japan, we need to remove the maritime mine right away, and it’s the law for it.

It seems that the government doesn’t assume to remove the maritime mine during the war.

The Ambassador of Iraq to Japan protested against the government on the expression by the Prime Minister in Japan.

If thinking Iran lays the maritime mine, the assumption is groundless altogether. The Ambassador made a lecture at the press club ….

【What are the security bills?】

《The contradiction on removing the maritime mine on the Strait of Hormuz》

The Ambassador made a lecture at the press club in Japan and criticized the government in Japan.

The Abe Prime Minister was positive at the deliberation on the House of Representatives, but seldom said in the House of Coucilors.

If checking it against the international situation at present, it doesn’t always mean assuming it occurs as a practical matter concretely, he said at the special committee of the House of Councilors.

What is his answer of the House of the Representatives?