Let’s enjoy English 22nd

【America after Obama】

…the Obama administration made much of the multilateral cooperation, and it bore fruit, so each nation of Europe showed the attitude to America they lent a hand.

But Taliban expanded its influence at the time of the Bush government so much in Afghan that getting back the Afghan wasn’t easy, and there was fear that Afghan may have been the Vietnam for Obama.

《Aiming at being Roosevelt in the present time》

There was more negative legacy from the Bush government. The Great Depression which is said once in a century is also the serious problem.

The stock market crash….

【America after Obama】

《Aiming at being Roosevelt in the present time》

The stock market crash in New York in 1929 caused the Great Depression in the world. Then the President in America was Hoover in the Republican Party, which thought the government shouldn’t interfere in the private sector economy, so it couldn’t put forth the basic policy preventing the economy from deteriorating.

Then not only the economy in America but the one in Europe and in Japan worsened, and the fascism expanded its influence from Germany and Italy in Europe, and the rise of militarism in Japan, and the whole …

【America after Obama】

《Aiming at being Roosevelt in the present time》

…and the whole world was pushed forward to the Great War Ⅱ.

Then the people in America were fed up with the Hoover government in the Republican Party which stood by and did nothing to the economic downturn, and elected Roosevelt in the Democratic Party at the Presidential election in 1932.

When the Lehman Brothers which was an investment bank in America went bankrupt September in 2009, John McCain who was the Presidential candidate said the economy in America is healthy basically, so his economic illiteracy was exposed.

【America after Obama】

《Aiming at being Roosevelt at the present time》

The few words of his reversed the approving rate on McCain which led by Obama until then. Meanwhile, the Bush administration just stood and watched the economy in America deteriorate , so the economy in America changed from the just recession to the serious financial crisis then.

The attitude on the Republican Party which had no measure on the economy reminded the people in America of the nightmare by the Hoover President, so they regarded the Obama candidate as the second Roosevelt.

Roosevelt who was inaugurated as…

【America after Obama】

《Aiming at being Roosevelt in the present time》

Roosevelt who was inaugurated as the President long ago made use of the radio which was the latest media then and called the people in America to overcome the financial crisis, and the Obama President took advantage of the video sharing site which is the latest media in the present time addressed to the Americans.

Roosevelt developed the New Deal, increasing public works, protecting the right on workers, carrying out the momentary easing and fought against the financial crisis. If dating back his achievement, It’s not…

【America after Obama】

《Aiming at being Roosevelt in the present time》

…it’s not always his victory alone, but the economy in America could escape from the economic panic then, and the Americans had asked for the reenactment of Roosevelt on Obama.

And Obama put forth the policy for the green New Deal so as to meet the expectation from the Americans, making the green industry like the environmental technology promote, and trying to revive the economy in America.

Both of the challenge that Obama should solve was too much and the expectation from the people was also too much. Could Obama…

【America after Obama】

Could Obama accomplish it?

The new history of America was about to be written then.

The author said like that, and the book was concluded. After Obama, Trump, Biden, and Trump again. What happened to America just now?

It’s shameful of me to say like the next, but I have hardly watched the news program, and even if I could watch carefully, I don’t have the ability of analyzing the present situation appropriately.

【Appendix, the Presidents after the Great World War Ⅱ】

《Franklin Delano Roosevelt》

He was born into a distinguished family at Hyde Park in New York, and…

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World War Ⅱ】

《Franklin D Roosevelt》

…and he was the Senate in the state of New York in 1911, and was appointed as the Vice President at the Presidential election in 1920, but lost the election, and suffering from the polio in the next year, so being forced to lead the battle against the illness, but returned to the political world in 1928, and after being the governor in New York, and being the President in 1933, putting forth the policy what is called the New Deal, the series of the economic crisis measures, and overcoming the worst economic …

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World War Ⅱ】

《Franklin D Roosevelt》

…and overcoming the worst economic crisis in America.

He made much of the trend in the public opinion like making academic experts join in policy making and holding the discussion through the radio program.

As to the international relations, he tried to avoid being involved in the international dispute. It seems that as receiving the attack on the Pearl Harbor from Japan, America joined in the World War Ⅱ, but there are differing opinions.

He made the Manhattan Project led to the development on the atomic…

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World War Ⅱ】

He made the Manhattan Project led to the development on the atomic bomb powerfully, and it was carried out at the time of Truman. He won a fourth terms for the first time in the history of America, but was dead suddenly before the war came to an end.

《Harry s Truman》

He is from farmer in Missouri and has never been university. After the Country Court Judge, being the Senate in 1934, and was reelected in 1940, and making the name for himself by what is called the トルーマン委員会, investigating the fraudulent use on the military budget.

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World War Ⅱ】

《Harry S Truman》

He became the Vice President appointed by Roosevelt in 1944, and as Roosevelt passed away suddenly, Truman became the President at the age of sixty.

Without having experience on the diplomacy, he brought into the Potsdam Conference. He was engaged in the leading position on the postwar process with the end of the war like the decision to the bomb dropping on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, supporting to the establishment on the United Nations, the court on the war criminal in Japan and in Germany.

After the war…

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the war】

After the war, strengthening the confronting attitude against the Soviet Union and announced the Truman doctrine,

Berlin was blockaded by Soviet in 1948, Truman opposed to it with the air transport, and NATO was formed in the next year, so Truman promoted the diplomacy of the Cord War. He decided to send troops in the Korean War, but he was concerned about being expanded to the World War Ⅲ, on the other hand, MacArthur insisted on expanding the war, so he was dismissed by Truman.

Thus Truman invoked the power of law.

《Dwight David …》

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the Great War Ⅱ】

《Dwight David Eisenhower》

Graduating from the West Point Military Academy in 1915. After the Army Chief of Staff, and the adjutant of MacArthur, being the supreme commander in the Allies in Europe in 1943, leading the Normandy Landings in the next year.

After the war, being the president in Columbia university. Then the military confrontation against the Soviet Union was the biggest problem, being the supreme commander in the military force in NATO in 1950, and being the President at the age of sixty two, receiving the demand from..

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the war】

《Dwight David Eisenhower》

…receiving the request from the Republican Party.

As the President who had no political experience, he managed the country in line with the policy of the Republican Party of the small government, being opposed to the arms proliferation, and balanced budget which means balanced the revenue and the expenditure in the nation.

He wasn’t good at the domestic affairs, so adopting lots of businessman. As to the biggest problem which is the racial discrimination, in the form of obeying sentence of forbidding the racial…

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World WarⅡ】

…in the form of obeying the sentence from the Supreme Court, sending the Federal Force to the incident breaking out at the Little Rock in Arkansas.

As to the diplomacy, adopting the anti communism line from the hawkish congressman, on the other hand, peaceful use of nuclear energy, suggested the aerial inspection team between America and Soviet, and the summit diplomacy with Khrushchev came true. He promoted the thawing between the East and West.

《John F Kennedy》

Being enrolled in the navy from 1941 to 1945, and being the member of…

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World WarⅡ】

《John F Kennedy》

…being the member of the Parliament in the form of taking over his brother’s legislative seat, receiving the gifted education from his father who was the ambassador to UK from earlier, standing out as debater in the international politics and won the support from the liberal, and being the President at the age of forty three in 1961, being the youngest in the history of America.

Appealing the young and strong America with the slogan of the new frontier, and attracted charismatic support. In the middle of the Cold War…

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World WarⅡ】

《John F Kennedy》

Under the Cold War, in the middle of the imminent relation between America and Soviet, being able to managed to get over the situation carrying a risk of the nuclear war like the problem in Berlin, the crisis in Cuba, and resumption of nuclear testing by Soviet, and reinforced the military advisor group and enhanced the intervention on the Vietnamese War, but the Vietnamese war got stuck in quagmire.

As to the domestic affairs, the racial discrimination which was the biggest problem for him became serious. As to the…

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World WarⅡ】

…as to the economy, the confrontation against the steel industry, being bogged down in the fierce conflict against the old regime. He appealed to the Civil Act of Law to the people direct on TV from the Oval Office. When being assassinated at Douglas in the campaign, and he was in the middle of having difficult problems.

《Lyndon Barnes Johnson》

Being born in the state of Texas, and graduating from South West Texas university, after the secretary for the member of the Parliament in Texas, being the member of the Parliament in 1937, and…

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World WarⅡ】

《Lyndon Banister Johnson》

…and being the Senate in 1948. Being the Vice President from the request of Kennedy who was the rival in the Presidential election in 1960, and promoted to the President at the age of fifty in 1963, by the assassination of Kennedy.

He declared the succession of the Kennedy line, making lots of bills by the former Presidents pass like including the Civil Acts of Law which was the dearest wish for Kennedy, tax cut, Social Security, the aid to the school education by his adroit parliament tactics.

He won the…

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World WarⅡ】

He won the Presidential election in 1964 with the slogan of the great society, but the war situation on Vietnam went from bad to worse like the Gulf of Tonkin incident. As a result, the war was expanded by the military buildup and bombing the North.

In the middle of the public opinion inclined to the peace talks, without notice, he clarified the suggestion stopping bombing the North and the peace talks on TV all of sudden, and expressed he wouldn’t run in for the next Presidential election again, playing out the final act for himself.

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World WarⅡ】

《Richard M Nixon》

Being born in Yorba Linda in California. After being discharged from the military, being the lawyer in the company, and being the member of the parliament in 1951. He served as the Vice President under Eisenhower, but beaten by Kennedy with the Presidential election in 1960, and being the President in 1969, but resigned in 1974 owing to the Water Gate incident.

Visiting China for the first time as the President, accepting China, as the People’s Republic of China actually, the signature on the Paris Agreement…

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World War Ⅱ】

…the complete withdrawal from Vietnam, naming the space shuttle project, and establishment on the Drug Enforcement Administration, and the Environmental Protection Agency, and configuration on the speed limit in the whole America.

His policy has the foresight, so it has been evaluated a lot again after that, but he was the President who was resigned during his term, so his achievement has been hidden in his dishonorable record.

Oh! I made a mistake again. Before being the Senate, he has the profile like the next.

He made a name for…

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World WarⅡ】

He made a name for himself as anti communism in the House Committee on un-American Activities which is well known as Red Scare.

As to the Paris Agreement, it means the Paris Peace Accords, and its goal was finishing the Vietnamese War, and there is one more the same name, it made the war in Cambodia come to end.

But speaking of the Paris Agreement, it’s on the environmental one.

《Gerald Rudolph Ford》

He used to be a star player in the American football chosen for the MVP during his time at university. MVP is the abbreviation of the…

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World WarⅡ】

《Gerald Rudolph Ford》

MVP is the abbreviation of the most valuable player.

In the middle of the war, he joined in the operation on the South Pacific including TRUK, Saipan, Philippine as naval officer,

Being the member of the parliament in the Michigan state. He was well known as the dove in the parliament, and was chosen as the member of the committee investigating the assassination on Kennedy in 1963.

With the resignation of the Vice President, he was appointed as the Vice President in 1973, and after Nixon resigned, he promoted …

【Appendix, Presents in America after the World WarⅡ】

…he promoted to the President automatically.

Immediate after taking office, he decided the amnesty exempting all the prosecution
against Nixon, leaving the doubt there was the back room deal between him and Nixon.

His character is a former sportsman, never losses his smile and was well respected in the Democratic Party to some extent, but the wall of not reviving economy and the economic problems hindered his way, and lost in the Presidential election in 1976.

《James Earl Carter》

Being born at the remote countryside in Georgia state.

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World War Ⅱ】

《James Earl Carter》

After being discharged from the Navy, succeeding to the peanut farm of his father and being the Senate at the Georgia state in 1966.

He was an unknown newcomer whose campaign pledge was not telling a lie became the President. His policy was unconventional, the pardon for the one who evaded the military service on the Vietnamese War, appointing a black person as the ambassador,

As to the diplomacy, sending his letter to the dissident in Soviet, established the diplomatic relations with China, pressing the Park…

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World WarⅡ】

《James Earl Carter》

…pressed the Park Government in the South Korea to democratize, moreover inviting both of the President in Egypt and the Prime Minister in Israel to the camp David and established the peace between Egypt and Israel. His policy breathed a new life into Washington, but the failure on the operation of the hostage rescue in the Iran Revolution, and the invasion over Afghanistan incurred the displeasure among the Americans, then lost his position as President, but his skill in diplomacy has appreciated more after being …

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World WarⅡ】

…but his skill in diplomacy has been appreciated rather after being resigned, so he is called the former strongest President in the history.

The author expressed him as 史上最強の元大統領 in Japanese, and there is the sign of • above the letter of 元, but I’m not sure of the intention of the author.

《Ronald Wilson Reagan》

Taking office at the age of sixty nine and retired at seventy seven. He is the son of the wholesaler of shoes in the Illinois state. After graduating from university, he became an announcer because his voice was wonderful and…

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World WarⅡ】

《Ronald Wilson Reagan》

…and being an actor but remained in the B-list. He served as host in the TV program on a large automobile company, and his fame made him run in for the election on the governor in California from the Republican Party in 1966, and being the President in 1980.

The tax cut combined with the fiscal expenditure reduction is called the Reaganomics, and he called the Soviet the Evil Empire, making clear his anti communism.

Immediate after taking office he was about to be assassinated, though it ended in failure, and…

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World WarⅡ】

…and his performance transforming himself drastically for a role then mitigated his image and it made his approval rating rise.

Though he had the political crisis of the scandal of the secret military support to Nicaragua, the meeting with Gorbachev in Soviet embarking on reform, his historical action has been evaluated.

《George Herbert Bush》

Being born in a distinguished family and received the medal during the World War Ⅱ as the youngest pilot in the Navy. After graduating from Yale university established the oil company in Texas…

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World War Ⅱ】

《George Herbert Bush》

…and achieved the success, and being elected as the member of the Parliament in 1966, and held important posts successively like the ambassador to the UN, the envoy to China, and the chief in CIA, being the Vice President under Reagan, and being the President in 1989.

German reunification, democratization in the East Europe, the collapse on the Soviet Union broke out on his term of the office, so he was in the time of the great change in the world, but it’s the Gulf War in 1991 which leaves his marks on history.

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the world War Ⅱ】

Organizing in the multinational force against the invasion of Kuwait and attacked at Iraq, making the military force in Iraq withdraw, besides making his support rate rise, but he was defeated by Clinton who is as young as his son on account of the economic recession which was the legacy from the Reagan government.

《William Jefferson Clinton》

Getting the Doctor of Laws at Yale university, and being the Prosecutor-General in Arkansas which is his homeland at the age of thirty two in 1978, and being the governor in the same state at…

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World War Ⅱ】

《William Jefferson Clinton》

…and being the governor in the same state at the age of thirty two. He was elected in the Presidential election in 1992, being the first President who was born after the war. Then the economy was going well, so the budget deficit changed into being in the black.

While leading the way for the IT education, he contributed to the development and reform in the industry of America with the concept of the information superhighway.

As to the diplomacy, he strove on the improvement of the relations with China and…

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World War Ⅱ】

…and mediating between Israel and Palestinian, turning the historical peace treaty by the Prime Minister Rabin in Israel and the Chairman Arafat in Palestinian into reality.

Though putting in the effort on the peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina, but in the final stage, he received the impeachment charge due to the suspicion on the wrong action at the time of the governor, on the sexual harassment lawsuit, on the covering up an affair in 1998, but his judgement was innocent in 1999.

《George W Bush》

He is the eldest son of George H•W Bush

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World War Ⅱ】

《George W Bush》

Graduating from Harvard university. The first President who had the title of MBA which is the abbreviation of Master of business administration.

Being a businessman in the oil industry in which his family has deep relationships. He seemed to establish his own company, but it didn’t go well, so he worked under his father.

Though he lost in election of the lower house in 1978, being the governor in the Texas state at the age of forty eight in 1994, after serving for five years, running in for the Presidential election…

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World WarⅡ】

…running for the Presidential election in 2000, winning Al Gore who was the opposing candidate at the end of the tight race.

It is the 9.11 simultaneous terrorist attach which made his approve rate change completely undeniably, invading into Afghanistan at once, taking the plunge and made a war against Iraq by force being faced criticism in 2003.

His name has left in the history of America as the President receiving the attack on the mainland for the first time.

《Barack Hussein Obama》

He was born in Honolulu in 1961. His father…

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World War Ⅱ】

《Barack Hussein Obama》

His father is an economist from Kenya and his mother is an anthropologist of Caucasian. He spent in Jakarta and in Honolulu in his childhood because his mother got remarried.

After graduating from Columbia university, moving to Chicago where the first black mayor was elected, and being engaged in the regional development project by NPO, and enrolling in Harvard university of law in 1988.

While making a name for himself as the first black editor in the Harvard Law Review, teaching the constitution in Chicago…

【Appendix, Presidents in America after the World War Ⅱ】

…teaching the constitution in Chicago graduate school in 1993, publishing his first autobiography in 1995, achieving the election triumph of the Chicago state legislature in the next year, but lost in the election of the lower house in 2000, declaring running for the United State Senate Election in 2003, and winning in the one of Illinois for the first time in the next year, making the keynote speech in the Democratic National Convention in the same year, and increasing his popularity in the whole America.

What happened America just now

【Preface】

I’m going to start a new book from now on, and it’s the preface of the book of which title is『日本は本当に戦争する国になるのか？』written by Akira Ikegami. Here we go.

When looking at the directory of the conferment of decoration in autumn November in 2015, there was the name of Richard L Armitage among the people who were decided to receive the Orders of the Rising Sun. He was the Deputy Secretary of State at that time of the Bush government which is the son. He is a Japanese expert, and has a great influence over the politics and the defense Japan adopts and appears in the main text of this book.

【Preface】

《Without being afraid of baselessly, we should think carefully》

He made a suggestion the content earlier before the amendment on the Legislation for Peace and Security at the time of the Abe government, but it’s rather the demand, advice or the order than the suggestion, it is more appropriate, for it is clear that the Abe government moved to the acceptance on the right of collective self-defense.

Except for the name of Richard L Armitage, there is the one of Donald Rumsfeld as well. He was the Secretary of Defense at the time of the Bush government which is the son. He is the…

【Preface】

《Without being afraid of baselessly, we should think carefully》

He is one of the center who drove the attack Iraq and caused the chaos in Iraq. After the military force in America overthrew the Hussein government in Iraq, Iraq fell into the civil war.

When planning the attack on Iraq, the Secretary of Army advised it needed lots of soldiers, but he was dismissed by L.Rumsfeld.

As the result of adopting attack by elite troops alone, being unable to maintain the public order, and even he was also dismissed, but giving him like that gives the medallion. It’s the Japan.

【Pfeface】

《Without being afraid of baselessly, we should think carefully》

Curtis Lemay belonged to the Air Force of America planed killing no less than one hundred thousand ordinary citizens in one night in the Tokyo Great Air Raid during the Pacific War, and he also received the Order of the Rising Sun in 1964 because he put in the effort on bringing up the Japan Air Self Defense Force.

The author said it made him realized that the relation between Japan and America was like that.

But as to the thing on Japan, the Japanese themself should determine. How should be the defense in Japan?

【Preface】

《Without being afraid of baselessly, we should think carefully》

How should we handle our constitution?

The debate inside and outside the Diet during the summer in 2015 has given the chance of making us think of those things deeply.

But as to the debate, the debate on the constitution whether or not the right of collective self defense is allowed, and debate on the national security how should be the defense in Japan, two of them were done at the same time, so it was extremely hard to understand for ordinary people.

There was the criticism that the explanation by the Cabinet…

【Preface】

《Without being afraid of baselessly, we should think carefully》

There was the criticism that the explanation by the Cabinet wasn’t enough, but it’s just that the President Shinzo Abe repeated he was going to explain carefully, and he appeared in his favorite TV program alone, and without receiving any tough questions, he could weather the storm.

Or the explanation in House of the Representatives and the one in the House of Councilors was frequently different in deliberation with regard to the Legislation for peace and security.. We have never heard of it before. If we thought…

【Preface】

《Without being afraid of baselessly, we should think carefully》

If we thought through the safety in Japan for ourselves, it wouldn’t happen like that, the author said like that.

In addition, the point of view on the mass media divided so much. The tendency was unprecedented in recent years.

The newspaper company approving of the Legislation for Peace and Security adopted the extreme course of publishing the opinion from the supporters alone in not only its editorial but in other paper surface.

On the other hand, the other newspaper company taking a firm stand against it…

【Preface】

…they hardly published opposing opinions.

It seems that the readers who subscribed only single newspaper result in being unable to see the whole thing. After the storm of the debate went away, the author said he organized the issue.

Does Japan become the nation making war truly? Without having anxiety vaguely, facing it sincerely, how should we think from now on? If giving the chance of it, he will be happy, the author said like that.

【Proponents, and opponents, not being on the same page】

It was the extended holiday in autumn when the legislation for peace and security passed…

【Proponents and opponents, not being on the same page】

It was the extended holiday in fall when the legislation for peace and security passed in House of Councilors plenary session September in 2015.

The biggest problem in the debate over the legislation for peace and security this time was the debate wasn’t same wavelength between the proponents and opponents.

Opinions were divided between the proponents and opponents, but the point of discussion was different a little.

The thing which proponents emphasized was the change on the situation in Asia. Both of China and the North Korea…

【Proponents and opponents, not being on the same wavelength】

Both of China and the North Korea become the threat for Japan, so we respond to it and need to extend to the sphere of activity on the self defense force, especially strengthening ties on the relations between Japan and America, so America helps Japan, so the legislation for peace and security becomes the deterrence attacking Japan. The proponents thought like that.

As to the debate thinking of the peace and security in Japan, it makes a sense.

What is the peace and security? Keeping safe on the people and on the nation against…

【Proponents and opponents, not being on the same page】

Keeping safe both on the people and on the nation against the invasion from foreign countries. Its concept including preparing for not to be invaded.

Proponents put the peace and security in Japan first and insist on adopting the solution, and the legislation for peace and security isn’t against the constitution, saying as making sure the safety on the nation, the peace is maintained in Japan, so the law which is the legislation for peace and security isn’t against the constitution.

《The tone on the proponents of being tense the…》

【Proponents and opponents, not being on the same page】

《The tone on the proponents of being tense in the situation of Asia, so…》

The author suggested we should look at the tone concretely on the people whose position that the legislation for peace and security isn’t against the constitution. For example, the Sankei newspaper wrote like the next.

The opposition party brandished the unconstitutionality by the constitutional scholar whose speciality wasn’t the legislation for peace and security until the end, and went on labeling it led to what is called 戦争法案, and to introduction on the…