レッツ　エンジョイ　イングリッシュ　17th

【Deng Xiaoping has rebuilt the nation】

《A special zone on economy has been specified》

…for Shenzhen used to be a deserted village of which population was no more than two hundred thousand at the beginning of 1980s, but it has changed into a huge city of which population is over eight million with towering building after twenty five years.

Conservative factions from the Communist Party criticized those rapid capitalism. Chen Yun 陳雲 who is the senior in the Communist Party said they shouldn’t increase the special zone on economy any more, blaming for development on economy too much.

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【Deng Xiaoping has rebuilt the nation】

After that the speed on the capitalism in the special zone on economy dropped.

《Deng Xiaoping counterattacked》

But Deng Xiaoping fought back against the criticism. What is called the second event on Tiananmen broke out in 1989, and tightening on the policy and economy made progress so much that the policy on Den Xiaoping, the course on reform and open was stagnant, but he couldn’t endure it.

He visited Shenzhen Zhuhai and Shanghai in 1992. It came true by his intention of wanting to see how much the development made progress by his policy. He wanted..

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【Deng Xiaoping has rebuilt the nation】

《Deng Xiaoping fought back》

He seemed to want to look at it with his own eyes, but his aim is a strategic one which brought back on the deadlock of his policy of reform and open the economy. He retired officially, but he inspected cities yielding results on his policy and informed it to the people in China.

The conservative faction grasped the media in Beijing, so the media didn’t informed the intention on Deng Xiaoping any more, so he signaled the counterattack from southern area.

If the party on Deng Xiaoping inspected Shenzhen, lots of tourists…

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【Deng Xiaoping has rebuilt the nation】

《He fought back》

…lots of tourists visited there from Hongkong, so the situation in Shenzhen would be informed to the world. Tourists took photo of him, but he gave a tacit nod. Wherever he went, he made a speech, urging the Chinese to carry out his policy, saying they should try the reforming and opening the economy more adventurously, it’s not good if they are like women who bind their feet.

His comment of this has been well known widely as the one on binding its feet. Furthermore, he developed what is called 先富論, addressing the bold and versatile…

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【Deng Xiaoping has rebuilt the nation】

《He fought back》

…addressing the bold and versatile theory on the reform.

Making the part of area where the condition is arranged to some extent at first develop, and making the rest part of area develop later. The area developed first drags other areas which don’t developed, and all of them would be rich at last. The area which is rich first would pay lots of tax and help the other poor areas to develop.

Whether is the security or the stock market good or wrong? Whether are those dangerous or not? If it’s risky, is it peculiar to the capitalism?

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【Deng Xiaoping has rebuilt the nation】

《He fought back》

Can we make use of them in the socialism? We should try them adamantly. If finding it good, we try do them for a few years, and if it’s all right, we make them do at will. If it’s in the wrong, it’s just we have only to correct it. It’s just we have only to stop it.

Both of the newspaper and the broadcast in Beijing ignored the comment on Deng Xiaoping, but the leadership in the Communist Party like Jiang Zemin 江沢民 obeyed the policy on Deng Xiaoping.

The comment on Deng Xiaoping has been well known as 南巡講和, and collection of his …

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【Deng Xiaoping has rebuilt the nation】

《He fought back》

…and the collection of his statements were delivered to the executives of the Communist Party in the whole China. In addition, the establishment on the system of the stock market in the socialism was decided at the Party Conference in the same year, receiving the comment from Deng Xiaoping, the course of reforming and opening economy learned to ratchet up, setting up the goal on the economic growth in 1990s from eight to nine percent was decided.

In short, Deng Xiaoping gained the victory.

《To the economy on the stock market in the…》

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【Deng Xiaoping has rebuilt the nation】

《To the economy on the stock market in the socialism》

What kind of thing is the economy on the stock market in the socialism? It had been divided that the socialism was the planned economy, and the capitalism was the market economy from the common knowledge on the economy of the view of the point until then.

As the economy on the stock market had been thought as the economic system on the capitalism, the economy on the stock market in the socialism was as if it had been the way of connecting a wood with a bamboo.

In a word, introducing the capitalism…

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【Deng Xiaoping has rebuilt the nation】

《To the economy on the stock market in the socialism》

…introducing the stock market under the direction of the Communist Party.

The nation decided the plan on the economy and informed the plan on producing to factories on the site. How much was the price on goods? Its price was also decided by the nation, so the people on the site had only to produce as it was planned.

But it caused a magnificent waste, for a large amount of goods which none of consumers desired and behind time were produced, so stopping it and allowing enterprises to produce at will.

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【Deng Xiaoping has rebuilt the nation】

《To the economy on the stock market in the socialism》

The price on goods has learned to be decided by the relation between the demand and supply. The goods which consumers desire make its price heighten, so its price rises. If producing goods of which price is high, the profit rises, and lots of corporations start to produce.

As the large amount of goods are produced and its price drops, and consumers can get the goods which they want in low price. It’s natural under the capitalism, but it has been done in the name of the socialism. Actually, it’s…

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【Deng Xiaoping has rebuilt the nation】

In fact it was the capitalism itself. The thing which is different from the capitalism in the Western side is the democracy on politics isn’t allowed at all, and the Communist Party continued to grasp all the power.

《The economy made a leap in China》

Thus the economy has been rebuilt and after that it continued to develop for a long time. The people in China realized they were rich by Deng Xiaoping, and he learned to be called the designer on abundance of the great reform.

The poor life on common people had never been improved for a long time even…

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【Deng Xiaoping has rebuilt the nation】

《The economy in China made a great leap》

…even after the Communist Party captured the power. Far from being rich, the standard on the life of the people dropped owing to the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution.

It was in 1984 when the level of the life of the people returned to the ordinary situation in 1957 before the turmoil the Cultural Revolution. It was the lost twenty seven years.


When watching the reality in the North Korea, it reminds the people in China who are rich at present of the time of the Cultural Revolution.

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【Deng Xiaoping has rebuilt the nation】

Young people who don’t know at the time of the Cultural Revolution will image it was the same as the situation in the North Korea.

Abundance which has been done by Deng Xiaoping causes the gap between the poor and rich in the society of China which should be equal, so various contradictions have been caused.

The author said he was going to express them later.

【Making a bold start, one child policy has started】

《Little prince is plump》

The author said he went around China so as to gather news July in 2007, and he was aware there were lots of obese…

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【Making a bold start, one child policy starts】

《A little prince is plump》

…and he was aware that there were lots of obese children there then, seeing lots of obese children who seemed to have been spoiled as children.

It is said that the ratio on a fat children whose age from seven to eighteen reaches twenty five percent at the city in China, according to the standard of WHO.

On the other hand, the ratio on the obese children whose age from six to fourteen in Japan is ten point zero two percent, according to the investigation, so we know the high ration on the fat children in China.

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【Making a bold start, one child policy starts】

《A little emperor is obese》

The problem isn’t fat alone. A child who is sick from lifestyle disease increases and their age is dropping. It is said the number of children who suffer from the high blood pressure syndrome is almost eighteen million, the ones who are sick from diabetes is nearly five hundred thousand at elementary school, junior high school and high school in the whole China.

A child who has been spoiled as child is called the little emperor in Chinese, and China is filled with the little emperors everywhere.

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【Making a bold start, one child policy starts】

《A little emperor is obese》

The number of birth is one alone a couple, so every family has one child, and it has been spoiled as child, and it has been a serious problem for the People’s Liberation Army, for the young people who become the soldiers in the Liberation Army are too weak to be hard for a full fledge.

It is said a parent who paid a bribe to the headmaster of the homeroom teacher increases, asking them to give its child special treatment. As lots of the teacher accept the bribe, the teacher is a job of making money.

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【Making a bold start, one child policy starts】

《The little emperor becomes 月光族》

The little emperor becomes 月光族 soon. 光 means nothing is left in Chinese. 月光族 means young people who uses up monthly pay, the author said like that.

Even if being a grown up and learning to work in the society, it’s one child in the family and lives with its parents, so it uses up its monthly pay for its own pleasure.

It’s a single who is parasitic in parents. The way of saying used to be a buzzword in Japan.

《A campaign of standing in a line》

When visiting China there are people everywhere. We have to plow…

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【Making a bold start, one child policy starts】

《A campaign of standing in a line》

We have to plow through the crowd, but we are pressed away in the crowd and if trying to stand in a line, some people try to cut in front of us. The manner is so bad in China that it is notorious internationally.

The restroom in the airport was so crowded that the author stood in a line, but others tried to cut in front of him, so he was tired of it.

There were people who tried to get down from the train or bus and there were others who tried to get on, and they pushed each other and confused. When looking…

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【Making a bold start, one child policy starts】

《A campaign of standing in a line》

They were confused, and when looking at them the author thought if they stood in a line and waited for their turn, they could go ahead fast.

Before the Beijing Olympic was held a campaign was developed greatly, addressing the people to stand in a line when getting on a vehicle. Eleventh day was fixed as the one for a line in China, for the number of 1 is two, and it was thought of an image of two lines.

A signboard was stood each place in China, and it addressed the people to behave themselves politely.

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【Making a bold start, one child policy starts】

《A campaign of standing in a line》

Though being weary of their bad manner, there are lots of the population so it can’t be helped so as to live in China, the author said he sympathized with them a little.

The population was ten billion three hundred ten million in China in 2005. One of five is a Chinese in the world then. China has the history tackling against the problem on lots of the population since its foundation.

《Immediate after the nation was founded, population controlling theory appeared…》

The People’s Republic of China was founded…

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【Making a bold start, one child policy starts】

《…population controlling theory appeared…》

The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949 and its population was nearly five hundred forty million then, and after that the population started to increase sharply.

The Communist Party in China adopted the policy of taking away the land from the land owner and delivering it to the ones who were engaged in agriculture in the fight against the National Party.

The ones who were engaged in agriculture worked diligently and agricultural production increased. Poor people learned to be able to eat.

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【Making a bold start, one child policy starts】

《Immediate after the nation was founded, population controlling theory appeared…》

Then the population increased explosively. In 1953 under the direction of Ma Yinchu 馬寅初 who was an economist and the president in Beijing university whose speciality was the problem on population investigated the population on China from it was founded.

It turned out that the population was over six hundred million. Some sixty million increased for no more than four years. If calculating with the annual percentage rate, it’s from 20 to 30 percent. It was high…

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

《…population controlling theory appeared…》

It was a high percentage rate. If the population increased like that, they would suffer from the food shortage in the future. Some people were worried about it, so the birth control was considered then and its center was Liu Shaoqi 劉少奇, but Mao Zedong laughed it off as a joke.

He said straight that the increase on the population is joyful and it is no problem even if the population reached to a billion. He sloganized to be fruitful and multiply!

The movement on controlling the population stopped by…

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

The movement on controlling the population was stopped by the deciding voice from the dictator. Far from it, a mother who had lots of babies was commended. The people were recommended to increase the population.

《Being criticized as Malthus in China》

Ma Yinchu 馬寅初 who was the president in Beijing university had a sense of crisis on the percentage rate of increase of the population, and announced a new theory on the population in the party conference.

Food shortage would break out in this situation in the future, so they should control the…

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

《Being criticized as Malthus in China》

…so they should control the population, the president stated like that, but Mao Zedong criticized it.

The more the population is, the more an argument will be done, and the bigger the enthusiasm is. The trial of decreasing the population in the great China is a rebellion against the nation, so Mao Zedong labeled Ma Yinchu as right wing party. The president in Beijing university was condemned as Malthus in China, as the right wing party on Malthusianism.

He was drawn up to the gathering for criticism…

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

《Being criticized as Malthus in China》

He was drawn up to the gathering on criticism for consecutive days and was criticized openly and was banished from university in 1960.

Malthus is an economist in England. He is well known as the one who wrote the theory on population in 1789, and insisted in his book like the next.

Daily commodity like food which is indispensable for the people increases arithmetically, to be concrete, it does like 1.2.3.4…

On the other hand, the population increases at a geometric rate, in particular, it does 1.2.4.8.16

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

《Being criticized as Malthus in China》

The population increases exponentially, as a result, the food shortage occurs at the same time and a famine or a war breaks out, so we have to suppress the population by late marriage. It’s the insistence on Malthus.

On the other hand, Marx criticized it like the next.

The economy in the capitalism is the system for piling up the profit by capitalists, so the earning for work remains lowest level, it’s all right.

If there are lots of workers and getting a job is hard, capitalists can acquire workers…

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

《Being criticized as Malthus in China》

…capitalists can acquire workers even at low pay, so overflow population is caused relatively under the capitalism.

Malthus depicted the famine and the war which were caused by the capitalism as if they had been the contradiction from the natural phenomenon, and rationalized them.

If the wage for work rises, the home on workers will be stable, so its birth rate will drop, so the insistence on Malthus of increasing the population absolutely is in the wrong. It was the criticism from Marx.

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

《It’s not the theory on population but the one on manpower》

Marx changed the theory from Malthus into the existence for criticism for Marxists. The new theory on population by Ma Yinchu seemed to be the one which was discussed the old one by Malthus again, so the Chinese thought they had to criticize it at any rate hastily, especially the criticism by Mao Zedong was something funny like the next.

We have one mouth but two hands, if making something with two hands, the mouth is one, so the one which makes is more than the one eats.

It’s not…

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

《It’s not the theory on population but the one on manpower》

It’s not logical at all, and it’s not the theory on population but the one on manpower.

Ma Yinchu thought of the population from the point of consumption of the view, the mouth on a person, but Mao Zedong did of the population from the point of manpower of the view, hands on the person.

Moreover a feasible insistence was done by the government in China then like the next.

The cultivated land is a hundred million hectares in China, so even if increasing by two times, it makes up….

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

《It’s not the theory on population but the one on manpower》

…it makes up with no more than 20 percent in the whole China, so we can increase the cultivated field still more.

It means that the rate on increasing population is 2 percent a year, but the rate on producing food is 4 percent, so the food shortage couldn’t have happened.

Actually the rate of increasing the population was over 20 percent a year, but the rate of producing food was stagnate.

《Number is power》

Mao Zedong lost lots of his companies by the Long March or the Civil War.

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

《Number is power》

The civil war was the one against the National Party and the long march is the escape which the military force of the Communist Party in China did because its stronghold was taken away by the military force on the National Party.

After that the confrontation between China and Soviet broke out and Mao Zedong prepared for the war against Soviet, so even if lots of the people were dead by the nuclear war, China needed the population which can survive from the nuclear war.

So the direction from Mao Zedong is be fruitful, multiply

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

《Number is power》

The population reached some eight hundred sixty million in China in 1969. After the new nation was founded, two hundred sixty million of people increased.

If it had not been for the famine in the Great Leap Forward, the population in China would have increased more explosively.

As criticizing Ma Yinchu and without adopting the policy of controlling population, it is said criticizing a single person by mistake and increasing no less than three hundred million of people after Mao Zedong was dead.

The government in China says…

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

The government in China says the population has increased rapidly because of being lacking of recognition on the importance for controlling the population and lack of experience.

It didn’t say anything on the mistake by Mao Zedong

《One child policy starts》

Mao Zedong was dead in 1976, and Ma Yinchu who was criticized by Mao Zedong has been evaluated again. Even if trying to supply enough food for the nation who was about to starve to death, too much population was the problem.

It proved that the amount of food a single nation was the level…

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【Making a bold start, one child policy starts】

《One child policy starts》

…the amount of food a single nation in 1977 was the level in 1955. It’s not as the population increased, the rate of producing food grew and the nation became rich but even if the rate of producing food grew, the population also increased so much that the nation couldn’t be rich in the least.

Ma Yinchu was released from the house arrest at last in 1979, and the government in China changed completely and started the policy of controlling the population from this year. Its way is called the one child policy. Limiting…

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

《One child policy starts》

Limiting the number of child which a couple had was done, it was called like that. There are five key words in the one child policy like late marriage, post term delivery, having few babies, rare, and eugenics.

Late marriage. The age of getting marry is the age of 22 for a man, and the age of 20 for a woman is fixed at the law in China, and is recommended they get marry after three years later from the age which is fixed in the law.

Post term delivery. Even if getting married, without having a baby at once, being…

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

《One child policy starts》

…being late for having a baby was recommended.

Having few babies. Having few babies as possible as they do, it means actually having a single child.

Rare. When wanting to have the second child by unavoidable situation, it was demanded the interval from having the baby was from three to five years.

Eugenic, saying of heightening the quality on the child and if the administrative authority judged the parents had a gene which has the possibility of having cerebrally handicapped baby, they couldn’t get marry.

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

《Facing with the attitude of never fail to meritorious service or let a fault go unpunished》

When carrying out the one child policy, adopting the way for a family which joined force will be rewarded, and the family didn’t will be punished. It never fail to meritorious service or let a fault go unpunished.

When a couple announces to have one child alone, incentive pay will be paid until their child is fourteen years old. Moreover various preferential treatments were done for the couple like having a priority to enter a nursery for their child,…

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【Making a bold start, one child policy starts】

《Facing the attitude of…》

…tuition assistance, or payment of medical expenses.

On the other hand, the couple who had two more children will be demanded the cost of delivery a lot. To make matters worse, 10 percent of their salary will be cut and increase in salary or promotion will be stopped in their workplace.

Population control, which was the one Malthus used to insist in the past. China has carried out the way of new Malthus.

《The nation intervenes in the life of a couple》

The organization for regulating childbirth for the couple was set

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

《Face the attitude of never fail to reward a meritorious service or let a fault unpunished》

The organization of regulating the childbirth is under the immediate control of the Cabinet in China. The one who is devoted to the planned childbirth is appointed from cities, towns and villages. Their total number is no less than one hundred sixty thousand. The number on the childbirth was decided for every year in municipalities as goal.

The couple who was allowed to have a baby was decided in the area or in the workplace so as to achieve their goal

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

《Facing attitude of…》

The name of the couple who were allowed to have a baby was put up on the bulletin board in the facility of their area. The one who was allowed to have a baby was informed all of the people, and the others who weren’t allowed was applied to social pressure so as not to have a bay.

But ethnic minorities weren’t applied to the social pressure, for China has the policy of giving the priority to the minor ethnics

As those large scale plan was carried out, if someone who wasn’t allowed to have a baby is pregnant, it’s tiresome

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

《Facing attitude of never fail to reward a meritorious service or let a fault to go unpunished》

Not only the couple but the one who was devoted itself to the planned childbirth would be punished, so the one who was devoted to itself to the planned childbirth went to the woman who became pregnant unplanned and applied pressure to her so as to go for an abortion. It happens every day.

There may be the one who have the childbirth, going from the farm village to the city secretly, so the box so as to inform it was set up in some areas.

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

《Facing attitude of…》

As to the couple who had already had a baby, the wife is asked to insert the birth control ring, and the husband was asked to do vasectomy パイプカット. The nation intervened in even the life of the couple.

Moreover the one child policy was done forcibly without having standing in law. The control population started in 1979, but it was in 2002 when it learned to have stand in law.

In the beginning, they were allowed to have one child alone in the both of the farm village and the city, but children are indispensable in the…

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

《Facing attitude of never fail to reward a meritorious a service or let a fault go unpunished》

…children are indispensable in the farm village as labor power, so the one child policy wasn’t thorough in the farm village, there were some areas in the farm villages were allowed to have two children.

But the one child policy brought results. The birth rate was 5.8% in the beginning of 1970s, and it dropped 1.8% in 2007. It is said the one child policy prevents China from increasing the population of three hundred million.

But the nation tried to…

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

The nation tried to control the population forcibly, and intervened in the private thing extremely, it caused a question touching humanity.

《Farm village which was particular about a little boy》

The one child policy was met with resistance at the farm village so much. The People’s Commune was abolished, and the agricultural production is undertaken by each of farmers, so the more children the farm house has, the more labor force it has.

Besides, the farm house has strong consciousness of succeeding to the house, so it wants a little boy.

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

《Farm village which is particular about a little boy》

When being born and it was a little girl, they wanted to the second child desperately.

As there is no social security program at the farm village in China, parents want to have a little boy who take care of them when they are old. Thus various tragedies were caused.

When the little girl was born, she was killed often, being killed instantly and submitted her to the government office as death birth, or buried her in the ground, pretended not to have no little girl. It was continued until…

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

《Farm village which is particular about a little boy》

It was continued until a little boy was born.

If the second child was born in the house which has a child already, the second child wasn’t submitted to the government office formally, so the second child can’t belong to the family resister. As it has no family register, it pretends not to exist, it can’t go to school nor being unable to receive administrative service, and needless to say, it isn’t included in population statistics.

The population in China is one billion and three hundred..

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

The population in China is one billion and three hundred million statistically, but it has been presumed to more one hundred million.

《China has held fast the policy of controlling population…》

Though causing various humanitarian issues, China has continued to adopt the controlling population. The government in China announced basic plan on the policy for the population in 2007, checking the basic plan on controlling population, focusing on the farm village especially.

As to the goal of controlling the total population, it’s a billion three…

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

《China has held fast the policy of controlling population…》

…it’s a billion three hundred sixty million or less than it in 2010, and a billion four hundred fifty million or less than it in 2020, showing its concrete numbers.

While young people don’t increase due to the one child policy, the large amount of people are aging, so China suddenly becomes the aging society from now on. If a couple of each of them was one child, it is allowed to have two of children in towns so as to respond to the present situation.

《Column, 建設銀行, 招商銀号》

It is …

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【Making a bold start, one child policy begins】

『Column, 建設銀行, 招商銀行』

It is forbidden for doctors to inform the results on the sex determination of their baby to be to parents by government, but it is said if there is a policy in the upper place, there is a measure in the lower place in China, so there is the measure. There is an example in Jiangsu Province 江蘇省 like the next, according to a journalist.

When the doctor adopted ultrasonic diagnostic method so as to inspect the condition of health on the baby to be, the parents bribed the doctor, and doctor asked parents, is there account in…

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