レッツ　エンジョイ　イングリッシュ　17th

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《The first President who was from Taiwan》

…not the constitution and law but the order from the President was prior to everything. Lee Teng hui got rid of the article from the constitution and carried out the politics being based on the constitution and made progress on the democratization, on the other hand proclaiming the end on the civil war against the Communist Party.

In short, putting an end on the civil war against the Communist Party means accepting the Communist Party in China rules over the continent, giving up the intention on rebellion…

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《The first President who was from Taiwan》

…giving up the intention on rebellion against the continent and accepting two structure of the continent and Taiwan as a result, and it‘s not the single China but it’s led the way to two of China, though lots of people weren’t aware of it then, but it becomes clear soon.

《Making 万年議員 retire》

There used to be two assemblies which were equal to the National Assembly in Japan in Taiwan then. The one was the mass meeting and the other was legislature for the government. The law is established in the latter as its…

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《Making 万年議員 retire》

The law is established in the latter as its name shows, and the former has the authority of establishing and reforming the constitution, appointment on the President and the Vice President.

The term on the mass meeting was six years, but its election wasn’t carried out in the continent for the long time since moving to Taiwan, as a result, the members of the assembly who was elected at the continent November in 1947 continued to stay in Taiwan. When the members of assembly were dead, the run up candidate who stood at the same..

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《Making 万年議員 retire》

…the run up candidate who stood at the same constituency in 1947 moved up, so the vacancy was filled up. As they remained the member of assembly for a long time, they were called 万年議員. They were so old that they dozed off even if being in the assembly, and some of them couldn’t understand what was deliberated.

When Lee Teng hui 李登輝 became the President, the public opinion that making the 万年議員 retire was swelled. As a result, the members of assembly in the mess meeting were forced to announce their term was over in 1999, for Lee…

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

…for Lee Teng hui induced them smartly and all the 万年議員 retired December in the same year, and the election on the member of assembly was carried out at Taiwan alone, and new assembly members elected Lee Teng hui as the President, so he became the President again in 1992.

『Column, Lee Teng hui』

He was born in Taiwan when Japan controlled it January in 1923. His father gave him a Japanese name, and he said he used to be a Japanese until at the age of 22.

After graduating from old fashioned high school in Taipei, he went into imperial university in Kyoto.

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

『Column, Lee Teng hui』

He was absorbed in reading the books of Marx and Engels at the time of university and was attracted to the communism. Japanese thinkers like Hyakuzo Kurata or Daisetsu Suzuki had influence over him.

When he was a reserve officer in the army of Japan, Japan was defeated and he returned to Taiwan. His elder brother volunteered to the army in Japan and was dead in Philippine.

After returning to Taiwan he transferred to Taiwan university and joined in the Communist Party in China there. He was away from the Communist Party soon, but…

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

『Column, Lee Teng hui』

…but he was arrested by the Public Security, and was an objection of watching by the special agency led by Shou Keikoku from this career of his for a long time.

He studied abroad Iowa university in America in 1952 and returning to Taiwan university once and studied abroad Cornell university in America and earned doctor degree then, and became the professor at Taiwan university.

After that when going to Shou Keikoku so as to report the issue on agriculture, his ability was evaluated by Shou Keikoku and joined in the National Party.

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

After that he reached to the power as the youngest cabinet minister.

《The President is chosen at the direct election》

When Lee Teng hui was elected President in 1992, it was an indirect election. The assembly members on mass meeting who were elected by the nation elected the President, but Lee Teng hui introduced into the direct election from the next Presidential election. The President was chosen in the direct election by the nation for the first time in 1996, and needless to say, Lee Teng hui got re elected then.

As the President was elected at the…

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《The President is chosen at the direct election》

As the President was elected at the direct election, the authority on the mass meeting was lost, and the mass meeting was abolished actually in 2000. The top was chosen by the residents at the direct election, it was for the first time in the long history in China. It was shown that Taiwan was democratized perfectly.

But the Communist party in China was repellent against it violently. Taiwan named itself the Republic of China, on the other hand, went on saying China was single one. Though being opposed to…

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《The President is chosen at the direct election》

Though being opposed to the Communist Party in the People’s Republic of China, the insistence of being single China was the same, but there is the system that the one who was chosen at the direct election stood on the top which had nothing to do with the People’s Republic of China, it becomes obvious there is other nation in China. The Communist Party in China has been in a position that China is a single one, so it can’t endure the other nation in China.

《China threatened Taiwan by missile》

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《China threatened Taiwan with a missile》

The Communist Party in China started to threaten Taiwan. It carried out the training of launching missile immediate before the Presidential election, launching missiles to both of east and west sea to Taiwan. It’s a demonstration of being able to attack Taiwan with the missile whenever it wants.

At the same time, China started a large scale of landing drill along the coast of Taiwan in the Taiwan Strait.

America looked at the Taiwan Strait was tense, sent two aircraft carriers to the sea around Taiwan urgently.

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《China threatened Taiwan with a missile》

It was a threat on landing Taiwan by the People’s Liberation Army, if Taiwan strengthens the movement of being independent, China wouldn’t take it lying down. It’s the message from China.

After breaking diplomatic ties with the Republic of China, America has established the law, Taiwan relation act, if Taiwan is attacked, America would defend Taiwan. America sent the aircraft carriers and restrained on the movement of Communist Party in China. One of the name of the two aircraft carriers was independence ironically

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《China threaten Taiwan with a missile》

But the aircraft carrier belonged to the military force in the U.S.A. didn’t go into the Taiwan Strait so as to avoid excessive tension with China, it is said the military force in China aimed at the aircraft carriers in America with a missile then.

The threat from China had an opposite effect, for it was reported that Lee Teng hui would have a difficult fight at the Presidential election before the Presidential election, but he won the election overwhelmingly, for the people in Taiwan were repellent to China by…

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

…for the people in Taiwan were repellent against China by threatened and chose to team up under Lee Teng hui.

『Column, three refuses by America』

Then it was the Clinton government in America. He interfered in the opposition between China and Taiwan, and realized that China had the plan of preventing Taiwan from being independent from China by even using the military force, he recast the measure against China again. It’s the three refuses. When visiting China, Clinton announced it at Shanghai in 1998.

Neither America would support two of China, nor ….

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

『Column, three refuses by America』

Neither America would support two of China, nor single China, single Taiwan, wouldn’t support the position of Taiwan, nor would support Taiwan join in the UN organ.

It was a message from America like the next.

America didn’t support the independence on Taiwan at all, so Taiwan couldn’t be independent, so China didn’t have to attack Taiwan.

《Lee Teng hui took into action for indendence》

Lee Teng hui who became the President again strengthened the intention of being independent gradually. He learned to adopt the way…

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《Lee Teng hui took into action for independence》

Lee Teng hui had frequently learned to adopt the way of saying the Republic of China in Taiwan. It is fact that Taiwan names itself the Republic of China, but adopting the way of saying being in Taiwan on purpose, indicating Taiwan is other thing from China.

When responding to an interview on the radio program overseas from Germany, at last he said it’s a unique relation between two countries, with regard to the relation between China and Taiwan. The content on his comment was like the next.

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《Lee Teng hui took into action for independence》

The Republic of China has changed the constitution in 1991, and limited the scope of applying for the constitution in Taiwan alone, and recognized the legality on the People’s Republic of China in the continent.

The Presidential election in Taiwan has been changed into the direct one by the nation with the reform on the constitution in 1992, The rightfulness on the nation is the intention from the people in Taiwan. It has nothing to do with the ones in the continent. The relation between China and Taiwan…

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《Lee Teng hui took into action for independence》

The relation between China and Taiwan has been a special one, neither it’s the one between the center and the province, nor the single relation within China. It has already been the special relation, so we don’t have to declare our independence.

In short, without announcing the independence, China and Taiwan has been the relation between the nation and nation, Taiwan has already been independent. Lee Teng hui announced like that.

『Column, Lee Teng hui denied his own comment』

He said in a major weekly…

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

『Column, Lee Teng hui denied his own comment』

He said in a major weekly magazine in 2007 like the next.

Taiwan has already been an independent sovereign state actually, and if asking for being independent more, it’s a retreat.

Moreover he said like the next. I don’t belong to the group of promoting Taiwan to be independent.

His comment was as if he had denied his own comment until then had a wider effect on Taiwan. As to the true intention on his comment, various speculation was provoked.

Bringing out the middle road of stance not asking for…

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

『Column, Lee Teng hui denied his own comment』

Bringing out the middle road of stance not asking for the independence and trying to maintain influence over the political world in Taiwan or visiting the Chinese continent, so he said like that.

《The government asking for independence was born》

The next President was elected from the group of promoting independence perfectly. It was Chen Shui-Brian 陳水扁. Lee Teng hui didn’t stand as candidate in the next Presidential election in 2000, and Lian Zhan 連戦 who was the candidate in the election. He was engaged in…

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《The government asking for independence was born》

He was engaged in the Vice President under Lee Teng hui and became the candidate from the National Party.

On the other hand, the Democratic Progressive Party which was the opposition one stood Chen Shui-bian 陳水扁 as candidate. Moreover, Song Chubu 宋楚瑜 who was opposed to Lee Teng-hui and ran out of the National Party stood as independent candidate. It was a three-cornered fight.

Song Chuyu was so popular in Taiwan that if Lee Teng hui stood him as candidate as his successor, it is said he would be elected.

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《The government asking for independence was born》

Lian Zhan 連選 who Lee Teng hui chose as his successor was popular so less that a speculation was born like the next.

Lee Teng hui wanted Chen Shui-bian 陳水扁 who wanted Taiwan to be independent to be elected, so he stood Lian Zhan who was less popular on purpose.

As to the percentage of vote, Chen Shui-bian was 39%, Song Chuyu 36%, and Lian Zhan 23%. Chen Shui-bian was elected because the influence on the National Party divided, so the speculation that it was the conspiracy by Lee Teng hui was provoked.

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《The government asking for independence was born》

In addition, immediate before the Presidential election, the Prime Minister Zhu Rongji 朱鎔基 in the People’s Republic of China announced a talk to warn not to support the group which promoted the independence, and Taiwan was repellent against it, so the people voted for Chen Shui-bian who promoted the independence. It was one of reason why he was elected.

As a result, China has made the group which promoted to be independence be elected again. The Democratic Progressive Party to which Chen Shui-bian belonged

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《The government asking for independence was born》

The Democratic Progressive Party has put up the independent on Taiwan, but at the Presidential election, it set aside its insistence and went to the Presidential election, taking a pragmatic line.

Chen Shui-bian was born in Taiwan like Lee Teng hui and called himself a child in Taiwan.

『Column, Chen Shui-bian 』

He was born to a farm family at the south of Taiwan in 1950. His family was poor but his parents were so enthusiastic on his education that they borrowed money and came up with his school fee.

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

『Column, Chen Shui-bian』

He responded to the expectation by his parents and graduated from elementary school, junior high school and high school with the top academic record, and passed the exam on lawyer when enrolling currently at Taiwan university. He started the activity as lawyer when attending university and paid off his parents’ loan.

In the beginning, he proceeded in the way to the law, but he defended the case of oppressing speech by the National Party and it made him join in the Democratic Progressive Party.

He was elected the mayor in Taipei.

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

『Column, Chen Shui-bian』

He had a good track record at the administrative reform in Taipei and learned to be paid attention. He aimed at being elected the mayor again, but failed in it and stood as candidate in the Presidential election and was elected this time.

His wife happened to be in a traffic accident which had a strong possibility of political terrorism and after that she was forced to be in a wheelchair. He took care of his wife skillfully and it led to his popularity at the beginning of being elected.

《To the movement emphasizing Taiwan》

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《To the movement emphasizing Taiwan》

Chen Shui-bian who set aside the independence on Taiwan and went to the Presidential election declared four no like the next.

Neither he will declare the independence on Taiwan during his term, he’ll change the name of the Republic of China, writing down the logic on two countries in the constitution, nor carried out the referendum asking whether unification or independence. They were messages from Chen Shui-bian to China which strengthened the sense of caution.

But he strengthened the movement of independence on…

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《To the movement emphasizing Taiwan》

But he strengthened the movement of independence on Taiwan gradually, and one of them is the way of calling Taiwan. It’s a movement without calling their nation the Republic of China or China, but calling it Taiwan.

The movement was started from the one who was from Taiwan living in Japan. Japan entered the diplomatic relation with the People’s Republic of China in 1972, after that when the people in Taiwan went into Japan, their part on description is China.

But when Lee Teng hui became the President, there have….

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《To the movement emphasizing Taiwan》

…there have been the people who learned to be conscious of being the ones in Taiwan and started the movement, insisting that they weren’t the part of China, and wanted the nation where they live to be called Taiwan.

The movement has moved to Taiwan and Lee Teng hui and Chen Shui-bian pushed support, and the movement has spread widely. The signature of Taiwan has been added to the one of Republic of China on the passport since 2003.

The capital of the Republic of China was Nanjing, and Taipei was seen as temporary….

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《To the movement emphasizing Taiwan》

…and Taipei was seen as the temporary capital then, but it was written down clearly in the textbook compiled by state for elementary school or junior high school, its capital is Taipei in 2003.

The name of the international airport in Taipei changed from 中正国際空港 to 台湾桃園国際空港 in 2006. 中正 means another name of Ching Kai-shek and 桃園 is the place where there is the airport. It symbolized the movement being away from Ching Kai-shek.

Moreover, the textbook on its history was the history on their home country until then.

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《To the movement emphasizing Taiwan》

But the textbook on history has been divided into the history on China and the one on Taiwan. At the time of the National Party, the history on Taiwan hardly appeared in the textbook and the history of their own country was the one in China alone, but they have learned to be taught the history on Taiwan enough.

Needless to say, the Communist Party in China has been nervous on the movement.

《Two of bullets have changed the result on the election》

Chen Shui-bian was popular at the beginning when being elected, but…

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《Two of bullets have changed the result on the election》

…but soon his popularity dropped suddenly owing to the scandal on his family members, to make matters worse, the disappointing performance at the stock market in Taiwan.

Chen Shui-bian aimed at being elected again at the Presidential election in 2004, but his approval rate was a poor performance, and was expected that the candidate from the National Party would win the election overwhelmingly.

But the previous day before the voting day March, when going on a stumping tour in a open car at the…

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《Two of bullets have changed the result on the election》

…when going on a stumping tour of a open car in which Chen Shui-bian was at the south of Taiwan, it was shot by an unknown assailant. Chen Shui-bian and the Vice President were grazed by a bullet. Though it wasn’t life threatening, they were injured slightly.

The case of being shot changed the situation before the election altogether, for sympathy vote gathered to Chen Shui-bian and he could barely accomplish the reelection then, but immediate after the case being shot, the security on the….

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《Two of bullets have changed the result on the election》

…the security on the election was tightened by the police or the military force, so it turned out that thousands of policemen and servicemen couldn’t vote. It is said lots of them support the National Party, so the result on the election was something opaque.

As the term on the President is fixed to two and eight years, Chen Shui-bian didn’t stood as candidate at the election in 2008, instead Ma Yang-Jesus 馬英九 who belonged to the National Party was elected. The National Party took back the…

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《Two of bullets have changed the result on the election》

The National Party took back the administration after eight years.

After that Chen Shui-bian was arrested and indicted on account of the suspicion on embezzlement of confidential fund of the government-general and bribe. He was sentenced for imprisoned for life in 2009.

He used to name himself the child in Taiwan and to be proud of being popularity in the beginning, but it proved that he was filled with the corruption, so the people in Taiwan were disappointed at him.

On the other hand, Ma…

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

On the other hand, Ma Ying-Jeou 馬英九 from the National Party has stopped being away from the continent at the time of Chen shui-bian, he has rather started to improve the relation with China, as if it were the third collaborative relationship between the Communist Party and the National one at present.

In addition, Lee Teng hui and Chen Shui-bian were pro Japan, on the other hand, Ma Ying-Jeou’s comment was anti Japan, so the relation between Taiwan and Japan reaches to a new era.

《Economic fusion has made progress between Taiwan and China》

The politics…

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《Economic fusion has made progress between China and Taiwan》

Politics being away from the continent went on at the time of Lee Teng hui and Chen Shui-bian, but the economy has rather strengthened the movement of integration. The cost of employees has been sky-high with the economic development in Taiwan, so companies in Taiwan advance to the continent one after another asking for low cost of employees.

The industry which used to be the subcontractor for companies in Japan in the past has developed so much that it even has subcontractors in the continent.

• 共感4

【The National Party fled to Taiwan】

《Economic fusion has made progress between China and Taiwan》

As a result, millions of the people concerned enterprises and their family members have learned to live in the continent, so without the continent, the economy in Taiwan doesn't go well.

The remarkable development in economy in the Chinese continent recently has had the energy of swallowing down the one in Taiwan.

Neither Lee Teng hui nor Chen Shui-bian would never expect such the time reach at all.

It seems that the Presidential election has been done in Taiwan this year. I'm interested in it

• 共感4

【Preparing for the nuclear war against Soviet】

《Though it's started with the complete devotion to one side to Soviet...》

There is a photograph in which Hu Junta 胡錦涛 who was the chief in the state of China grasped hands with the President Putin in Russia. it seemed to be familiar with us at present, but at the time of Mao Zedong, China used to be opposed to Soviet seriously, and the situation was about to break out the nuclear war between the two countries. Both of the two countries were the socialism. Why did it take place?

The author said he was going to look back the history in the past

• 共感4

【Preparing for the nuclear war against Soviet】

《Though it started with the complete devotion to one side to Soviet…》

The new China in which there was Mao Zedong was established by the support from Soviet Union. He announced being complete devoted to one side to Soviet Union before the establishment of building the country in 1949. He declared he would learn from Soviet’s examples anything, obeying whatever Soviet said then, and Soviet responded to it, so Soviet was the First Nation which approved of the new China.

Mao Zedong visited Soviet in 1949 when it wasn’t long before the new…
.

• 共感4

【Preparing for the nuclear war against Soviet】

《Though it started with the complete devotion to one side to Soviet…》

…when it wasn’t long before building the new nation and he stayed in Moscow until February in the next year when China-Soviet treaty of friendship and alliance was concluded and he withdrew the assistance from Soviet. It’s the time of being intimate relationship between two of the nations.

《China was shocked at the criticism on Stalin》

The case displaying the crack on the close relation between China and Soviet broke out. It was the criticism on Stalin. A Communist Party…

• 共感4

【Preparing for the nuclear war against Soviet】

《China was shocked at the criticism on Stalin》

A Communist Party National Congress was held in Soviet in 1956 and a shocking report was done. Khrushchev who was the General Secretary criticized Stalin seriously then.

Lenin and Stalin established Soviet together, and after Lenin was dead, Stalin reigned as dictator and executing lots of people without bringing to court for a trial. It was reported as fact.

The criticism by Khrushchev was a secret report. Though the representatives from China were present at the congress as guests, they…

• 共感4

【Preparing for the nuclear war against Soviet】

《China was shocked at the criticism on Khrushchev》

…they couldn’t hear the report at all. After the report was done, it’s just that its outline was informed them from the Communist Party in Soviet informally.

But the CIA in America got the whole sentence on the secret report from the Communist Party in the East Europe, and the New York Times in America reported it in the next month, so the secret report spread over the whole world.

Mao Zedong was indignant with the criticism on Stalin. Almost all of the people in the East Europe thought of…

• 共感4

【Preparing for the nuclear war against Soviet】

《China was shocked at the criticism on Stalin》

Almost all of the people in the East Europe thought of Stalin like their God. In the nations of socialism, making the people think of Stalin like their God and making them think of their leaders like their God as well and made them do the cult of personality on their leaders, but denying Stalin thoroughly means the cult of personality on their leaders could have shaken, and China was no exception, so Mao Zedong didn’t approve of the denial on Staling wholly, and requested they should evaluated…

• 共感4

【Preparing for the nuclear war against Soviet】

《China was shocked at the criticism on Stalin》

…and requested they should evaluate Stalin with 70% of great merit and 30% of mistake in China. The criticism on Stalin learned to make Mao Zedong strengthen the criticism on Khrushchev, for he intimated himself like Stalin and reigned as autocrat like Stalin, so when thinking of the criticism on Stalin, he was forced to feel as if he had been blamed.

Moreover as receiving the criticism on the cult of personality by Khrushchev, the party regulation was altered on the Communist Party in China.

• 共感4

【Preparing for the nuclear war against Soviet】

In addition, the expression on the thought by Mao Zedong was eliminated from the party regulation as well, for he thought that the absoluteness on himself was shaken.

《China and Soviet were opposed over the military cooperation》

After the criticism on Stalin was done in 1958, Khrushchev proposed the foundation on the combined submarine fleet by both of China and Soviet. In the middle of the Cold War between the East and West intensified, Soviet tried to establish the great fleet which Soviet took the lead, but Mao Zedong refused it, for it…

• 共感4

【Preparing for the nuclear war against Soviet】

《China and Soviet were opposed over the military cooperation》

…for it would violate the national sovereignty over China, turning down adamantly and insisting on defending the territorial waters of its own for itself. Then China and Soviet were opposed for the first time.

Furthermore, Khrushchev criticized seriously the Great Leap Forward and the movement on the people’s commune which Mao Zedong started, blaming him for ignoring the experience on the socialism of other nation. The socialism of other nation means Soviet, for Soviet took the…

• 共感4

【Preparing for the nuclear war against Soviet】

《China and Soviet were opposed over the military cooperation》

…for Soviet took the same plan at the time of Stalin and failed in it miserably, but China didn’t receive it as lesson at all. Soviet wanted to say like that. Khrushchev criticized that China controlled by Mao Zedong didn’t understand the criticism on Stalin enough.

But the Great Leap Forward and the movement on the people’s commune were the enterprise in which Mao Zedong started, putting his own prestige over them, so he was forced to feel unpleasant over the criticism. The crack…

• 共感4

【Preparing for the nuclear war against Soviet】

The crack between China and Soviet went bad.

《Criticizing the course of peaceful coexistence by Soviet》

But Soviet continued to support China for a while. The agreement on new technology for defending nation was concluded between the two of the nations in 1957. It means concretely that Soviet would offer the technical skill on producing atomic bomb to China. Soviet promised to hand over the model and blueprint on the atomic bomb to China.

Khrushchev tried to adopt the policy of peaceful coexistence with America then, but Mao Zedong insisted…

• 共感4

【Preparing for the nuclear war against Soviet】

《Criticizing the course of peaceful coexistence by Soviet》

…but Mao Zedong insisted on using the nuclear weapon as threat and the two of leaders were opposed, and Mao Zedong insisted that the nuclear weapon which America had was just a paper-match tiger. After all America was afraid to use the nuclear weapon and won’t be able to use it, so the nuclear weapon in America is the paper-match tiger which is a deceptive appearance, all hat and no cattle.

In addition, Mao Zedong spoke out like the next.

Even if the nuclear weapon is used actually….

• 共感4