Let's enjoy English 13th

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《If criticizing the government, it’ll be oppressed》

President Erdogan shows irritation on the twitter where there was the information criticizing his political power, so he shuts out the website of the government, and has made a law pass admitting to collect a private internet browsing record.

Speaking of Turkey, we tend to think it’s pro-Japanese and a democratic country which is a few in the Middle East.

The friendly relation between Japan and Turkey dates back to 1890. A warship which was dispatched from the Ottoman Empire was attacked typhoon when going back.

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《If criticizing government, it’ll be oppressed》

Then the warship went down off Kushimoto in Ki Peninsula. Then some five hundred eighty crews were dead due to the accident, six nine crews were saved by desperate rescue operation of the local people. They were escorted back to Turkey by a Japanese cruiser.

This historical fact used to be in a textbook in Turkey, and lots of the Turk know it. In the middle of the war between Iraq ad Iran in 1985, the Japaneses were isolated, so a special plante was found at least. Turkish Government sent them a special plane.

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《If criticizing government, it’ll be criticized》

Then Japan said the words of thanks to Turkey, Turkey said it’s a gratitude to Japan because Japan rescued the crews of the warship belonged to Turkey. It’s the case which symbolizes the friendly relation between Japan and Turkey.

The Japanese who visited Turkey admire what the Turks were pro Japanese unanimously, but the Turkey is about to change greatly at present. Lots of people in the world have paid attention the movement on Erdogan. What has he aimed at? The author said he is going to show his career at first.

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《He used to be cast in prison because admiring Islam in the past》

Recep Tayyip Erdogan was born in Istanbul in 1954, after graduating from the imam school cultivating religious leader, entering Marmara university and starting political activity then.

The meaning on imam is different between Sunni and Shia in Islam. The majority in Turkey is Sunni. The imam is a master. It leads believers in a group worship, so it seems that Erdogan has been educated as pious believer in Islam. He was elected the mayor in Istanbul in 1994 and recited a poem admiring the Islam in a…

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《He used to be cast in prison because admiring Islam in the past》

…and recited a poem admiring Islam in a political gathering 1997 like the next.

Mosque is my barrack, dome is my helmet, and minaret is my bayonet.

Its content is belligerent, and was problematic, for Turkey endured separation politics and religion. The one who was in engaged in public office as mayor reciting poem admiring Islam in a public place is in breach of the separation politics and religion.

Erdogan was put in trial and a jail sentence of four years and a half was confirmed, and…

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《He used to be cast in prison because admiring Islam in the past》

…and eligibility for election was also deprived. It turned out that the separation of politics and religion used to be maintained strictly then. Almost all of the Turks are the Islam but the separation of politics and religion is clearly written in the constitution.

The Islam is national religion in some countries in the Middle East, but the separation of politics and religion had been endured in Turkey since Turkey was established. It was the policy started by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk who is the father…

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

It was the policy started by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk who was the father of founding the country.

《From the Islamic Empire to the secular republic》

Speaking of Turkey, the Ottoman Empire which was the Islamic one used to reign the vast area, but it was defeated by France and England in the World War Ⅰ and debacles, and it was Mustafa Kemal who stood up then. He used to be the general in the Ottoman Empire, when confronting the crisis on the Empire, he’s established the Turkey Republic and became the first President.

At the time of Empire, the emperor was also Caliph.

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《From the Islamic Empire to the secular republic》

The caliph is the successor of Muhammad who is the prophet in the Islam. It’s the leader in the Islam in the whole world of Sunni, though it’s not in Shia. When the Ottoman Empire collapsed, Kemal abolished the system on the caliph. As witnessing the collapse on the Ottoman Empire, Kemal aimed at establishing modern nation like Europe and America. He thought Turkey needed to get out of the Islam in the political world at least and deleted the article the Islam was the national religion from the constitution in 1928.

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《From the Islamic Empire to the secular republic》

The Turkish used to be expressed with Arabian letter until then and is changed into the Latin letter, and it’s actually a bold reform, for the sentence was expressed from the right to the left in Arabian letter, and it changed into alphabet which is described from the left to the right.

The literacy rate on the Turkish decreased sharply due to the reform for a while then, but after that the literacy rate has rose more than the time of using the Arabian letter.

Having the family name was obligated to the whole …

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《From the Islamic Empire to the secular republic》

Having the family name was obligated to the whole nation like Europe and America in 1934, and Ataturk which means the father of found the country was the surname given from the assembly then. He was dead at the palace in Istanbul where there was the office in 1938 on account of liver cirrhosis 肝硬変, and its cause is drinking too much. Though being the Islam, he drank the liquor.

As the one who was the father of founding the country loved to drink, though the Islam is the majority overwhelming in Turkey, lots of ….

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《From the Islamic empire to the secular republic》

…lots of people drink openly there.

The course of politics founding by Ataturk is called Kemalism. It was the military authorities which stood for the Ataturk policy. As acknowledging itself as the one who took up the separation of politics and religion, acting as the watchdog, when the statesmen took action in Islamic way, the military authority intervened in the politics, and the political change broke out twice in the past, but it was criticized internationally so much that it seems that the possibility of…

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《From the Islamic empire to the secular republic》

…that it seems to be little possibility with the intervention of the military authority at present.

An international airport in Istanbul is named after Ataturk and the portrait on Ataturk is printed all the bills in Turkey.

《Erdogan has started the political activity again》

The political party to which Erdogan belonged became illegal in 1998 because it had the strong Islamic feature and was against the separation of politics and religion. The members in the political party established other one, but it was also…

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《Erdogan has started the political activity again》

…but the second political party was also disbanded because it was against the separation of politics and religion as well, and the third one has been formed, and Erdogan was released from prison in 1998 and becomes the leader in the political party though he remains being deprived of eligibility of election in 2001. We can recognize how much Erdogan is influential.

As restraining the Islamic feature and the third party won the general election overwhelmingly in 2002, and Erdogan hadn’t recover the eligibility of…

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《Erdogan has started the political activity again》

…and Erdogan hadn’t recover the eligibility of election then. It was in 2003 when Erdogan recovered the eligibility of election and won in by-election in the assembly and becomes the Prime Minister.

《Economy has developed in Turkey》

Though the military authority paid close attention to Erdogan, when being the Prime Minister, he undertook the reform on economic structure, and achieved the fiscal soundness so the inflation was suppressed.

As domestic politics was stable and investment from foreign countries went ahead

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《Economy has developed in Turkey》

メイチャン、元気出せよ😀

Then the rapid economic growth came true. Then the national income per a single person increased triple from 2002 to 2013. Erdogan started the negotiation with EU so as to join in it in 2005.

There is the Bosphorus Strait between Turkey. Eastern side on Turkey is Asia, and western side is Europe, so the nickname of the bridge between the East and West is suited, but lots of the Turkish have thought they belong to Europe and joining in EU has been their dearest wish, but EU is alliance in Christian nations, so it is…

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《Economy has developed in Turkey》

…so it is fact that lots of people have had negative feeling with regard to joining in EU by Turkey where there are lots of Muslims. EU has shown indispensable conditions to Turkey so as to join in EU one after another. Without being satisfied with the condition, it won’t admit Turkey to join in. EU has responded like that.

《Criticism on Israel and popularity on Erdogan increases》

It was Davos Meeting January in 2009 when the presence on Erdogan has increased in the Middle East. A financial group of which headquarter is at Geneva in…

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《Criticism on Islam has made the popularity on Erdogan increase》

The financial group of which headquarter was at Geneva in Swiss holds a meeting in Davos which is the resort area once a year. Some 2500 of statesmen and businessmen gather there from each place in the world.

Then Israel invaded in Gaza Strip and then the President in Israel insisted it's fair in the meeting, and Erdogan criticized severely it's Israel which had murdered people and walked away from the meeting.

Then the people in each country in Arabian and the people in Palestine applauded Erdogan.

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《Criticism on Israel has made the popularity on Erdogan increase》

Erdogan leaped into a hero in the Arabian world.

Moreover, the ship carrying away the relief supplies to the Gaza Strip where Israel shut off was attacked by Israel at the Mediterranean Sea in 2010, Then the Turkish in the supporting group were dead, and Erdogan criticized Israel violently, so the evaluation on Erdogan has been increased much more in the side of anti-Israel.

As to the case, Netanyahu President in Israel apologized for it in 2013, after that Erdogan has taken into action so as to ...

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《Criticism on Israel has made the popularity on Erdogan increase》

…after that Erdogan has taken into action so as to improve the connection with Turkey and Israel. He’s tried to strengthen economic relation with Israel as realist.

《From the Prime Minister to the President》

Turkey has adopted the parliamentary democracy. The members in assembly is chosen from the nation by election, and the Prime Minister is done from the members in the assembly and the Prime Minister has the political real power.

On the other hand, the President as the head of state is decided at …

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《From the Prime Minister to the President》

…the President as the head of state is decided at the assembly, but the President didn’t have any administrative power, the political real power on the President was unclear then, but Erdogan aimed at higher position.

The constitution was reformed in 2007 and the President has learned to be chosen by the Turkish direct, and Erdogan ran in for the President in 2014, and in the same year he becomes the President.

Ahmet DoVitoglu who is obedient to Erdogan becomes the Prime Minister, and even if being the President, Erdogan…

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《From the Prime Minister to the President》

…even if being the President, Erdogan has the political real power practically. Being from the Prime Minister to the President, and setting the President who is faithful to him. Erdogan did the same thing as Putin in Russia.

Furthermore, he’s tried to change the constitution and to concentrate the political power on the President. The general election was done June in 2015, and Erdogan has tried to make the political party led by him won the election, but unexpectedly the political party led by him was defeated then.

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《From the Prime Minister to the President》

The political party led by Erdogan couldn’t win majority, but the election was done November in the same year, and the political party led by Erdogan has won the majority. At last he’s tried to reform the constitution. If it comes true, the Emperor Erdogan will be born then.

As Putin in Russia was flooded with nostalgia for the Russian Empire, as Xi Jinping in China yearns for at the time of Min, Erdogan’s dreamed the revival on the Ottoman Empire which was the powerful Islamic Empire.

Actually moslemization has advanced…

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《From the Prime Minister to the President》

Actually Moslimezation has advanced in Turkey lately. Women are forbidden to wear scarf which is the symbol on the Islam in a public place from the principle of the separation of politics and religion, but the wife of Erdogan always wears the scarf. The principle on separation politics and religion is chipped away.

Selling liquor has been prohibited during the night. It’s limited at night alone at present, but lots of people are worried about selling liquor won’t be allowed at all in the future.

《Islamic state is admitted》

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《Islamic state is allowed from the position of anti Assad》

The international society has learned to be worried about Turkey after what is called Arab spring from 2010.

Democratic movement which was against the President Bashar al Assad in Syria which is a neighboring country for Turkey broke out, and the Assad government oppressed it, and the civil war occurred in Syria.

The Assad government has adopted Shia in Islam, and Iran which is the same Shia has supported Syria. In addition Russia which has the military base in the territory of Syria and friendly…

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《Islamic state is allowed from the position on anti Assad》

…and Russia has friendly connection with Syria, so it also supports Syria.

On the other hand, Erdogan has hated Assad so much. He’s supported the influential power in the insurgent on Sunni in the Islam. There are the Islam who are the extremists and call themselves the Islam state among the Sunni, and Turkey has taken into action that we’re forced to think Turkey approved the action on the Islam state silently.

When radical youth aimed at the Islam State in Syria and gathered there from each place in the …

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《Islam state is allowed from the position of anti Assad》

When radical youths aim at Islam state in Syria and gather there from each place in the world, they have to cross over the border between Turkey and Syria, and the border control by Turkey has been done just perfunctorily and Turkey has approved silently that the extremists crossed over the border.

The capital source on the Islam state is illegal export and import on the crude oil and it has been done on the border between Turkey and Syria. If Turkey gets serious, it could be possible to shut in Islam state.

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

But Turkey has never tried to carry out the confinement on Islam state at all.

《The relation between Turkey and Russia has been tense》

Turkey has shown the adversarial stand against Russia which is the superpower in the north, for a warplane belonged to Russia did airspace incursion November in 2015, and Turkey shot it down.

A private plane belonged to Russia was exploded in the air by Islam state overhead the Sinai Peninsula in Egypt, and after that Putin ordered to bomb Islam state from Syria. The Russian warplane crossed over the Turkish territory and …

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《The relation between Russia and Turkey has been tense》

…and Turkey has run to extremes, and there is the background that Turkey has joined in NATO since 1952. NATO is an organization which carries out the right of collective Self Defense 集団自衛権. If the country which joins in NATO is attacked, it’s dealt with it in cooperation.

If something troublesome happening, NATO will help Turkey. As Turkey has the feeling of safety like that Turkey has stepped into the confrontation against Russia.

Considering, Russia often goes south seeking for the ice free port traditionally

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

《The relation between Turkey and Russia has been tense》

As a result, Russia has been the threat for Turkey for a long time, so the historical memory may have been waken up in Turkey.

Speaking of confrontation between the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Empire, there has been the Crimean War of which stage was the Crimean Peninsula in the 19th century. Russia has been a hypothetical enemy country for Turkey for a long time. Turkey is pro-Japan because Japan defeated Russia in the Japanese and Russo power. There has been thought like that in Turkey.

• 共感4

【Recep Tayyip Erdogan】

The late Shinzo Abe Prime Minister used to appreciate the movie of the joint production of Japan and Turkey with the President Erdogan. They seem to have chemistry. Where is Erdogan going to advance from now on? The author said he’s worried about the course on the leader of Muslim who’s tried to revive the Ottoman Empire.

【Ally Hamay who is the most prominent leader in Iran】

The drop on the price of the crude oil these days has shaken the economy in the world, said the author like that. When writing the book, the situation seemed to be like that. If the price on…

• 共感4

熱いけど、メイちゃん、元気かな？😓

【Ali Khamenei who is the most prominent leader in Iran】

If the price on the crude oil drops, the price on fuel becomes low and it could have been effective in the economy, but the petroleum industry has been on the hot seat and the economy on oil producing countries have been damaged, so the banking panic has expanded in the world. Both of the price on stock and on the foreign exchange moves unsteadily. Why does the price on crude oil decline?

Its biggest reason is there has been the petroleum more than enough in the world on account of the shale oil which. The shale…

• 共感4

【Ali Khomenei who is the most prominent leader in Iran 】

The shale oil is produced in America, and pouring salt on the wound by removed economic sanction in Iran, and Iran is allowed to export the crude oil.

If Iran exports a large amount of the crude oil, the supply and demand on the crude oil advances much more and the price on the crude oil would drop. The thought has made the price on the crude oil drop actually. Iran has returned to the international market. It‘s shaken the whole world.

《Suspicion on development of nuclear weapon in Iran》

Suspicion that Iran has gone ahead with the…

• 共感4

【Ali Khomeini who is the most prominent leader】

《Suspicion of developing nuclear weapon in Iran》

The suspicion that Iran went ahead with the development on nuclear weapon secretly broke to the surface in 2002, but Iran insisted that it’s not the development on nuclear weapon but making peaceful use of the nuclear, and continued uranium enrichment under then the President Ahmadinejad who was a hard-liner.

But the President Rouhani who was a dove was born, Iran started to negotiate with America and so on and agreed on the significant restrictions on the development of the nuclear weapon.

• 共感4

【Ali Khomeini who is the most prominent leader】

《Suspicion of development on nuclear weapon》

The agreement was done July in 2015, and it’s not giving up the development but restriction on the development. It means that the side of Europe and America allowed Iran to go on developing the nuclear weapon conditionally, but President Obama wanted to make an achievement when being the President came to terms with it.

As Iran restricted the development on nuclear weapon, each country in Europe and America lifted economic sanction from Iran January in 2016. It was the economic society in the…

• 共感4

【Ali Khomeini who is the most prominent leader】

《Suspicion on development of nuclear weapon》

It’s the economic society which looked forward to it. Some companies advanced in Iran economically, others put together the plan of buying crude oil, and the public eye gathered on Iran.

On the other hand, the one which felt the threat from Iran was Saudi Arabia which is the superpower in the Middle East. Saudi Arabia executed Nimr who was a senior clergyman at Shia in Islam January in 2016. The crowd who got angry at it in Iran closed in the Saudi Arabian embassy in Tehran.

• 共感4

【Ali Khomeini who is the most prominent leader in Iran】

《Suspicion of development on nuclear weapon in Iran》

Tehran is the capital in Iran. Saudi Arabia criticized Iran and diplomatic relation between Iran and Saudi Arabia broke off then. As the relation between the two major power got worse made the people create the sense of danger which leads to the new War in the Middle East. There is the jealousy from Saudi Arabia in the background.

Saudi Arabia used to be pro-America among Arab after the World War Ⅱ. America bought the large amount of petroleum steadily from Saudi Arabia, and Saudi…

• 共感4

【Ali Khomeini who is the most prominent leader】

《Suspicion of development on nuclear weapon in Iran》

…and Saudi Arabia bought the latest weapon made in America with the part of the large amount dollar which they got from America. The relation between the two countries used to be like that before.

But as the large amount of shale oil has learned to be produced in America, Saudi Arabia doesn’t become so important for America relatively, so Saudi Arabia isn’t absolutely essential for America any more.

Obama government in America wanted to repair the relationship between Iran and America.

• 共感4

【Ali Khomeini who is the most prominent leader】

《Suspicion of development on nuclear weapon in Iran》

And America wanted to stabilize the Middle East, America thought like that and approached Iran rapidly. Saudi thought Iran stole America from them and they wanted America to look back at them, so making the relation between Iran and Saudi Arabia tense, and urges on America, which country does America choose, Saudi or Iraq? There seems to be the triangular relationship among the three.

《A senior clergyman in Iran》

It’s Iran who’s tried to strengthen the relation among Europe and America…

• 共感4

【Ali Khomeini who is the most prominent leader in Iran】

《A senior clergyman in Iran》

It was Iran who’s tried to strengthen the relation between Iran and America when understanding the thought on America. The movement on Iran has gone ahead of Saudi Arabia perfectly lately. It’s Ali Khomeini who is the senior clergyman doing the steering on Iran. He is seventy seven years old July in 2016. There is the Chinese character, 師 at the last of his name. It’s the title of honor to the jurist in Islam.

Iran is a republican country in which there is the president elected by the nation in election.

• 共感4

【Ali Khomeini who is the most prominent leader】

《The senior clergyman in Iran》

The senior clergyman who none of the ordinary nation can be involved in its selection exists above the President.

The first senior clergyman is Ruhollah Khomeini and Ali Khomeini is in the present position as his successor from 1989. Once being chosen, it will have been in the position until it’s dead. It’s the senior clergyman in its lifetime.

《Iran is the nation of Shia》

Why is the existence allowed to exist? It’s based on twelve imam faction at Shia in Islam. It’s a unique theory. Roughly speaking…

• 共感4

【Ali Khomeini who is the most prominent leader】

《Iran is the nation of Shia》

Roughly speaking, it is well known Shia and Sunni exist in the Islam. For example, lots of countries in Saudi Arabia, Sunni is majority, but Iran is Shia.

There is the Muhammad who is the creator in the Islam and the prophet who is received the language from the God. What should they do its successor? The competition for succession race has made the Islam divide into Shia and Sunni.

The first Muhammad is dead in DC 632. Who should be the successor of the Muhammad, or be the caliph who is on behalf of the Muhammad?

• 共感4

【Ali Khomeini who is the most prominent leader】

《Iran is the nation of Shia》

There have been the people who thought the successor should be blood related to the Muhammad. They thought Ali who is the cousin of the Muhammad and got married to the daughter of the Muhammad should be appropriate for the caliph. They were called the party of Ali. Before long they have learned to be called Shia simply. Strictly speaking, Shia means the party. It’s the minority in the whole Islam.

On the other hand, the majority who selects the powerful person in the conference thought like the next.

• 共感4

【Ali Khomeini who is the most prominent leader】

《Iran is the nation of Shia》

The majority thought they should rule the Islam, being based on the custom on the Islam, and were called the party on custom. It means Sunni.

After Muhammad was dead, the powerful person was selected from the believers in three generations, but Ali was selected to the fourth one, but there was a group which wasn’t pleased with Ali, and they assassinated Ali.

After that, the party on Ali have never allowed the caliph who was selected as successor of the caliph. Moreover, they’ve never permitted three caliphs….

• 共感4

【Ali Khomeini who is the most prominent leader】

《Iran is the nation of Shia》

Moreover they’ve never even permitted three caliphs before the Ali as legitimacy. From then the party of Ali have never permitted the position of caliph. Instead of caliph, they’ve learned to look up to other one as leader, and it’s called imam.

Imam means being related to Muhammad and has the quality as the leader in the Islamic world. It’s a unique position in Shia.

But there is the one who is called imam in Sunni as well, so it’s complicated a little, but it means the guru in a group worship….

• 共感4

【Ali Khomeini is the most prominent leader】

《Iran is the nation of Shia》

Imam means a guru in the group worship, a religious leader, or a high rank jurist in the Islam of the Sunni.

Needless to say, the first imam is the Ali in the Shia. After the first Ali was assassinated, his the eldest son the second imam, the second son is the third imam, and the imam has been succeeded to the fourth, and the fifth, but unexpected thing happened. The trouble was the twelfth one suddenly disappeared in 874. It was born 868, so it is said it vanished at the age of five.

The believers were upset and…

• 共感4

【Ali Khomeini is the most prominent leader】

《Iran is the nation of Shia》

…and they thought the twelfth one is concealed by the God. The twelfth one disappeared from the believers temporally. When the world comes to an end, it appears as the savior and relieves them and lead them to the heaven. The believers thought like that.

In the Islam, the world comes to an end before long, and the believers face the judgement by the God, then were divided into the heaven or into the hell, but the savior relieves them, it’s the saving grace. The group which thought like that is called twelve Imams.

• 共感4

【Ali Khomeini is the most prominent leader】

《Iran is the nation of Shia》

Lots of the people in Iran belong to the twelfth imam. The way of thinking resembles the Christianity, for in the Christianity, it has been believed when the world comes to an end, Jesus appears again and leads them to the heaven.

The problem is who leads the believers until the twelfth imam appears? The one who started to show original idea was Khomeini in Shia who led the Islam revolution in Iran.

Modernization was advanced under the king who was the pro America in Iran until then, but difference between the poor…

• 共感4

【Ali Khomeini is the most prominent leader】

《Iran is the nation of Shia》

…but the difference between the poor and the rich expanded, and the Islam revolution was done by the Islamic militias who rebelled against the king and the king filed from Iran then.

Then Khomeini insisted that not only the Islamic jurist led the religion but controlled the political power and reigned over the country until the hidden imam appeared again. It’s the rule by the Islamic jurist. The Islamic jurist continues to rule over the country immediate before this world comes to an end.

《What is the Islam …》

• 共感4

【Ali Khomeini who is the most prominent leader】

《What is the Islam revolution in Iran? 》

Islam revolution in Iran led by Khomeini is the one against the king who did the despotic government under the help by America. The king Pahlavi who reigned over Iran received assistance from America during the Cold War between the East and West and advanced moderation policy escaped from Islam. It’s called the white revolution.

It was so forcible that it received opposition from the Islamic militias, but the king oppressed it with the secret police, and then Khomeini criticized the reign by the king…

• 共感4

【Ali Khomeini who is the most prominent leader】

《What is the Islam revolution in Iran?》

…and Khomeini criticized the reign by the king and was banished form Iran. He exiled himself to Paris in France.

There was the article of newspaper denouncing Khomeini in Iran in 1978, a riot broke out in Qom which is the religious city where Khomeini learned Islam theology and lots of his pupils lived. The riot expanded gradually and the king run away from Iran January in the next year.

Khomeini returned from Paris triumphantly February, and the Islam revolution was successful and announced the…

• 共感4