Let’s enjoy English! 4

【How do we calculate the Dow–Johns average and the Nikkei average?】

《TOPIX and Nikkei average.》

The stock exchange in Tokyo announced its original one which reflected all the companies listed in the First Section,and the average of 東証 ダウ which was popular among the investors becomes the Nikkei average and the company of economic newspaper has announced it.

Instead of 30,the Nikkei average has chosen 225 companies,and has started from around 100yen in 1949. It reached forty thousand yen in the peak of the bubble economy of 1989.

The Nikkei average has changed around nineteen thousand yen at present.

【TOPIX to which specialists on the economy have paid attention.】

《TOPIX has reflected all the companies listed in the First Section of stock exchange in Tokyo.》

In general,the TOPIX has not been well–known as the Nikkei average,but specialists on the economy or finance rather pay attention to the TOPIX than the Nikkei average.

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【TOPIX to which specialists on the economy have paid attention.】

《TOPIX has reflected all the companies listed on the First Section in stock exchange of Tokyo.》

The TOPIX is useful to recognize the movement in the Tokyo market intuitively,and is helpful to know the actual situation on the stock market.

When the Nikkei average rises,the TOPIX usually does. There is an index which comparing the movement of Nikkei average with the one in TOPIX.

While the Nikkei average is limited to 225 companies,the TOPIX which reflects the movement all the companies puts special emphasis on financial sector,and if the stock price of finance rises,the TOPIX does. It’s the TOPIX’s feature.

Roughly speaking,if economic growth continues,both the Nikkei average,TOPIX,and the New York Dow reflect the growth as trend. The opposite is also true.

We can invest in the TOPIX and Nikkei average themselves at present. We can invest in the index itself at present. We call it exchange trend fund,but…

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【TOPIX to which specialists on the economy have paid attention.】

《TOPIX reflects all the companies listed on the First Section in stock exchanger in Tokyo.》

…to my sorrow,I have little knowledge on the word of exchange trend fund. Investing in the index itself means we can get securities for the index,can’t we?

The newer thing I try to express,the more unfamiliar phrase I come across.

There is investment trusts 投資信託 in which we can invest 日本郵政、簡保生命、郵貯銀行. We can also invest in a thing which itemized like crude oil,gold,palladium,and get the securities for them.

Securities for almost all of things appear and listed on the market and new index will be born from now on.

Except for Japan and America,other stock markets of each country have each index. German DAX,French CAC are famous,and Hang Seng index in Hong Kong,general index in Shanghai,VN in Vietnam in the newspaper.

《We should pay attention to emerging market.》

On the other hand there is an emerging market in which new firms…

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【TOPIX to which specialists on the economy have paid attention.】

《We should pay attention to emerging market.》

On the other hand there is an emerging market in which plenty of new firms are listed. It means a stock market for new firms.

NASDAQ 総合 in the U.S.A.is famous,and there is JASDAQ and 東証 mother in Japan.

【What is the total amount of current price in the stock exchanger in Tokyo?】

《There are companies which are listed in the stock exchanger in Tokyo. Addition of total amount of current price of those companies.》

The phrase of total amount of current price has been used in the stock market frequently. It’s important number to recognize a scale of a company and a stock exchanger.

The way of thinking is the one which is used in a high–class sushi shop,current price. For example,there are five 大トロ of which current price is two thousand yen,its total amount of current price is ten thousand yen.

Adding today’s all the stock price…

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【What is the total amount of current price in the stock exchanger in Tokyo?】

《There are some companies which are listed in the stock exchanger in Tokyo. Addition of total amount of current price of those companies.》

Adding today’s all the stock price of current price. We call it the total amount of current price. The total amount of current price in the First Section of stock exchanger in Tokyo is a little under 58 billion yen.

It means it costs us a little under 58 billion yen to buy all the companies listed on the First Section of stock exchanger of Tokyo.

The way of calculating the total amount of current price is simple. Multiplying stock prices of each company by the number of the stock which have already been issued. Then the total amount of current price of the company is calculated.

As to the companies listed in a stock exchanger,if adding the amount total of current price on each company simply,the total amount of current price in stock exchanger is computed separately.

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【What is the total amount of current price in the stock exchanger in Tokyo?】

《The relation between the total amount of current price in the stock exchanger in Tokyo and other index.》

The stock price of the Nikkei average has suddenly risen up from eight thousand yen to twenty thousand yen since 2012.

At the same time,the total amount of current price of the First Section in the stock exchanger in Tokyo has expanded from 25 billion yen to 60 billion yen at one time.

Thus,the total amount of current price of the First Section in the stock exchanger in Tokyo is often connected with the stock price of the Nikkei average,there is no doubt it’s connected with the TOPIX.

In addition,the total amount of current price of the First Section in the stock exchanger in Tokyo and GDP have a strong correlation.

Though the GDP has never expanded lately,as long as the economy goes smoothly,the stock price also rises up,and the total amount of current price also becomes bigger.

The expansion of…

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【What is the total amount of current price in stock exchanger in Tokyo?】

《The relation between the total amoun of current price in stock exchanger in Tokyo and other index.》

The expansion of the total amount of current price tends to go ahead more than other index.

On the contrary,if the economy goes down,the total amount of current price starts to decrease.

While the total amount of current price in stock exchanger in Tokyo goes down to 70 percent of the GDP in a weak market,it goes up to no less than 130 percent of the GDP when the economy goes smoothly.

When there is an energy in economy,the total amount of current price goes up higher than we expect,so we should be careful.

There is that kind of relation between the total amount of current price and GDP in other countries.

【The value of yen which we want to make sure in an exchange rate.】

《We should be careful of the Australian dollar so much.》

The currency used to be the fixed rate system in the past. As to the yen,1…

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【The value of yen which we want to make sure in an exchange rate.】

《We should be careful of the Australian dollar.》

As to the yen,I dollar was fixed at 360ye,1 pound was 1.000yen. We’ve adopted the floating exchange rate system 変動相場制 at present,so the exchange rate is one of numbers which we want to make sure.

Do you know how much 1 dollar is? If being able to answer it correctly,it’s cool,but it’s not yen against dollar alone in the exchange rate which we want to make sure in the exchange rate. We should grasp approximate value of the yen against several currency like euro,pound in the countries of G7,the group of 7 developed countries,and won of Korean currency,CNY of Chinese currency,and OG dollar.

OG dollar in Australia is very important. It doesn’t belong to the G7.but we the Japanese possess the OG dollar with the scale of billions yen.

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【The value of yen which we want to make sure in an exchange rate.】

《Japanese economy slowly goes downhill,but the yen has been popular among the people in the world.》

Japanese economy remains stagnant for a long time. Without recovering being stagnant may continue from now on,but the yen has maintained the position of favorite currency for the people in the world as ever. Why?

When the economy goes smooth,we the Japanese invested in oversea,and fortune has been saved,so Japanese net overseas asset 純資産 remains the first place in the world.

What is the net overseas asset?

The net overseas asset is the number in which the total of fortune overseas. For example,let’s suppose we had 1.000 building in the U.S.A.

Except for them,if there is no fortune in relation to overseas,the net overseas asset is 1000.

Then let’s suppose that we borrowed 200 from the company in India. Then the net overseas asset is 1.000–200=800

Overseas asset is foreign investment,securities 有価証券 or buildings …

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【The value of money in which we want to make sure in an exchange rate.】

《Japanese economy slowly goes downhill,but the yen has been popular among the people in the world.》

Overseas asset is foreign exchanges,securities,and buildings,and the debt against overseas is borrowed money,and investment against Japan.

Net oversea asset is determined by subtracting the debt against overseas from oversea assets. Japanese net overseas asset is highest in the world,so Japan has greatly influenced on various countries,they say Japan is an economic power.

Japanese net overseas asset had taken first place until 2015 for straight 25 years,it has increased to about 34 billion yen. Allotment 配当,interest,and profit of loss and sales have come in Japan from the net overseas asset every year.

It seems that Japan has held gigantic deficit financing,and the national debt has managed the deficit. About 90 percent of the national debt has been possessed by the Japanese,so other countries don’t think…

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【The value of yen in which we want to make sure in an exchange rate.】

《Japanese economy slowly goes downhill,but the yen has been popular among the people in the world.》

…so the other countries don’t think Japan has shown a loss. They may have thought that Japan is a rich country of which economic growth rate has been low.

There seems to be a phrase that Japanese yen buying in the emergency, When the Financial market in the world is confused,the price of the yen will go up.

If comparing it before the Lehman Brother failure,the rate of main currency agains the yen became half at one time.

We should have made use of the high value of yen and invested in foreing countries,but we made products and tried to export to foreign countries as ever,but the foreing countries couldn’t buy the Japanese products of which value became double,so the whole Japanese depression continued.

【How does the price of crude oil have influenced on the economy?】

《Japanese economy depends on import of…》

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【How does the crude oil have influenced on the Japanese economy?】

《Japanese economy depends on the import of crude oil.》

Japan attacked the Pearl Harbor in Hawai December in 1941. There seem to be lots of background behind the attack,but main reason for the attack was the embargo 禁輸 on import of the crude oil against Japan. If we could mine the crude oil in Japan.the war may not have happened.

The situation hasn’t changed so much even at present. While the amount of using the crude oil a day is 4 million barrel,the amount of producing the crude oil in Japan is no more than ten thousand barrel a day. If stopping the import of the crude oil,it’ll give the Japanese economy a fatal blow.

We remember the price of the petroleum a liter vaguely,but do we know the price of the crude oil? It changes every moment. 1 barrel was around 55 dollar February in 2017.

《The price of the crude oil changes with the economic situation and the quality of the crude oil.》

As you can imagine,when the…

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【How does the price of the crude oil have influence on the Japanese economy?】

《The price of the crude oil changes with the economic situation and quality of the crude oil.》

As you can imagine,when an economic growth is remarkable,the price of the crude oil will goes up. For example the price of the crude oil went up to about 150 dollar at the time of the brisk market lately in 2008 just before the Lehman Brother failure.

After that the price dropped in the thirties dollar,it went down below thirties dollar in 2016.

1 barrel is 159 liter,42 gallon. An oil drum ドラム缶 has a capacity of 200 liter,so 1 barrel is less than the oil drum a little. The price of the crude oil changes from 3.500 yen to 15.000 yen.

The crude oil of of a little more than 3 million of oil drum have been consumed in Japan a day,so Japan is a prominent nation which consumes the crude oil in the world.

The quality of crude oil is different among the producing area like agricultural produce such as an orange….

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【How does the price of the crude oil have influence on the Japanese economy?】

《The price of the crude oil changes with an economic situation and the quality of the crude oil.》

The quality of the crude oil is different among the producing area like agricultural produce such as an orange and an apple.

The crude oil produced in the western area of Texas state in the U.S.A.is the typical one,and we call it west Texas intermediate,WTI. The price of other oil is determined with the criterion of WTI.

【Why do we make much of the gold?】

《The price of gold.》

Except for the crude oil,there is one more important strategic commodity for a country. As long as we have it,we can exchange it with everything. It’s gold.

Silver is also all right,but the gold is the most useful,and the way of exchanging with other things a final one.

At the time of the Cold War between the Western bloc and the Eastern bloc,when there was settlement against China or the Soviet Union,two of them were arranged with …

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【Why do we make much of the gold?】

《The pride of the gold.》

At the time of the Cold War between the Western bloc and the Easten bloc,when there was a settlement against China and the Soviet Union,the two of them were arranged by the gold finally.

When there is an social anxiety like inflation,lots of people are apt to choose the gold. By the way how much is the gold?

Ounce is used in a gold coin,and gram is used in a lump of gold in relation to the weight of the gold.

As to the current price,500 gram is 2.5 million yen,and 1 kilogram is 5 million yen. Roughly speaking in short the price of the gold is 5000yen a 1 gram.

《Even nation makes much of possessing the gold.》

There are some gold bloc in the big safety in the central bank of each country.

While some people say possessing the gold which isn’t interest at all is old fashioned,there are plenty of countries which want to possess the gold in the central bank of the country.

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【Why do we make much of gold?】

《Even a nation makes much of possessing the gold.》

Sometimes inflation happened the value of money dropped or they have gone through a redenomination,so French central bank seems to like the gold.

Redenomination is revaluation or devaluation of the unit of money when the number of digit on the unit of the money becomes too large. France did the redenomination of one–hundredth in 1960.

The French used to spend the franc which was a weak currency,then it is said that no less than thirty pounds of lump of gold was carried away from its central bank and was sent to Senegal which belonged to France in 1939 before the Germany army occupied Paris.

When the currency disappears,it may possible be the gold which supports us the human being finally.

The gold isn’t bulky like the crude oil,and for example,if having about the lump of gold of 20 kilogram,then everyone would always be blessed with the value of about one hundred million yen .

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【The value of yen in which we want to make sure in an exchange rate.】

《Japanese economy slowly goes downhill,but the yen has been popular among the people in the world.》

…so the other countries don’t think Japan has shown a loss. They may have thought that Japan is a rich country of which economic growth rate has been low.

There seems to be a phrase that Japanese yen buying in the emergency, When the Financial market in the world is confused,the price of the yen will go up.

If comparing it before the Lehman Brother failure,the rate of main currency agains the yen became half at one time.

We should have made use of the high value of yen and invested in foreing countries,but we made products and tried to export to foreign countries as ever,but the foreing countries couldn’t buy the Japanese products of which value became double,so the whole Japanese depression continued.

【How does the price of crude oil have influenced on the economy?】

《Japanese economy depends on import of…》

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【Japanese national budget and and the amount of tax revenue.】

《Roughly speaking,the national budget is ten billion yen,and the tax revenue is 6 billion yen.》

The scale of the tax revenue used to be about 6 billion yen 25 years ago. It's about 5.8 billion yen at present,so the tax revenue has decrease for the 25 years.

On the other hand,the expenditure of the national budget has increased about 10 million yen. It’s increased by 40 percent. The amount of money on debt of the national budget is about 17 times as large as the tax revenue a year.

《The item of the account.》

The income tax from the taxation of the source 源泉課税 accounts for about 30 percent of the national budget which is about 5.8 billion yen. The income tax is about 1.8 billion yen at present.

The first on the list of the tax revenue is the consumption tax,and it’s about 1.71 billion yen. A part of the consumption tax has been passed in local areas as a tax money allocated to local government 地方交付税,so about 1.5 …

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【Japanese national budget and the amount of tax revenue.】

《The item of the account.》

…so the rest of the tax revenue is about 1.5 billion yen.

The third largest amount of the tax revenue is a corporation tax. There has frequent been an argument that the rate of corporation tax in Japan is the highes level in the world. Contrary to it,there has been other argument that the amount of collected money of the corporation tax has been too little. Both of the arguments are right.

If looking at the tax rate itself,it is said that it’s below 30 percent,but it’s still high tax rate,but if looking at the amount of the money,it is no less than 1.2 billion yen which is the tax revenue from the group of companies which have saved more than 30 blilion yen.

Even if limited to some companies which are listed to the stock exchanger,the profit of each company reaches no less than 5 billion yen,but the tax revenue is no more than 1.2 billion yen that addition of other small companies which aren’t …

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【Japanese national budget and the amount of tax revenue.】

《The item of the account.》

…but the tax revenue is no more than is 1.2 billion yen that addition of major companies and other small companies which haven’t been listed to the stock exchanger and of which profit is no more than millions yen. It’s too few.

Actually there have been plenty of companies which try every conceivable means to avoid the tax.

The rest of the tax revenue is about 1.1 billion yen. The inheritance tax is included in the rest,and a heavy tax has greatly been imposed on the inheritance since 2015. Its amount of tax payment had moved around 0.15 billion yen for years.but it may increase from now on.

The local tax is about 3.5 billion yen.

【What is the company of the biggest total amount of current price in Japan,or in the world?】

《The bigger the total amount of current price is,the bigger its evaluation is.》

TOYOTA has the biggest total amount of current price in Japan. It’s about 2.1 billion yen.

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【What is the company of the biggest total amount of current price in the Japan or in the world?】

《The bigger the total amount of current price is ,the better its evaluation is.》

Calbee is a confectionery 製菓 company,and its total amount of current price has expanded sharply for several years,and the mass media has oftentaken up its top management as topic.

We think that the total amount of current price has expanded,for the top management who heightens the value of the comapny is excellent.

The bigger the total amount of current price is,the less chance that other companies try to buy.

《American companies which have repeated innovation.》

Apple is the company which takes pride in its biggest total amount of current price in the world at present,though Alphabet which is a holding company for Google went ahead of Apple in 2016.

Apple’s total amount of current price is close to 7 billion yen,it’s three times as big as that of TOYOTA. The profit after the tax is reduced is about…

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【What is the company of the biggest total amount of current price in Japan or in the world?】

《American companies which repeat innovation.》

The profit after the tax is reduced is about a half billion yen,it’s as big amount of money as the Japanese national defense expenditure in 2015.

By the way,speaking of a big company,it used to be always the one of iron or petroleum in the past,but it is the society of internet at present. The company of which the total amount of current price is high are Apple,Google,Amazon,Facebook,and Microsoft. The stock of ICT,Information of Communication on the Technology.maybe,occupy a higher rank.

There is a phrase in relation to the situation,FANG. It is said that even if they sell other things,they must not sell anything on the FANG in the American stock market in 2015,

The FANG is initial of Facebook,Amazon,Netflix,and Google. They are a group of company which have carried out new technical innovation except for their main business.

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【What is the company of the biggest total amount of current price in Japan or in the world?】

《American companies repeat innovation.》

American markets are so severe that refusing an innovation is forced to retire from the market,but the FANG is related with all the things which are popular among us,and always repeat the innovation.

Japanese companies could have also been good at developing unique goods. Instead of Apple or Dyson,there are some companies in Japan which could have plenty of chance to succeed in the development on the new goods. A weakness in the society of Japanese style of companies may have caused the failure.

It is regrettable but the company in the first place in the America is actually the synonym for the first rank in the world.

【How much is the sales volume on all the convenience stores a year in Japan?】

《How many are there the convenience stores in Japan?》

There have been about 56 thousand of convenience stores in…

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【How much is the sales volume on all the convenience stores a year in Japan?】

《How many are there the convenience stores in Japan?》

There had been about 56 thousand of convenience stores in japan as of 2016. Then Family Mart which was in the third rank in the industrial world and the Circle K Thanks which was in the fourth place integrated into one company,and the new convenience store closed in on Seven Eleven which had more stores than any other one, so there are plenty of topics in the industrial world.

By the way,the first convenience store in Japan is a Seven Eleven which was open in Tokyo prefecture in 1974. In the beginning,a Japanese paid the royalty for the American company and managed the convenience store,but it’d purchased its head store in the America in the process of developing its business.

《Estimating and making a guess on the number of the convenience stores.》

Do you think how much a convenience store has sales volume a year? The sales volume of the convenience…

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【How much is the sales volume on all the convenience stores a day in Japan?】

《Estimating and making a guess the number of the convenience stores.》

The sales volume of a convenience store a day is from 500 thousand yen to 700 thousand yen. The average sales a day is 600 thousand yen,and the convenience stores are open all the year around,and there are about 50 thousand of convenience stores in Japan.

When calculating the average of sales volume a day,the number of day which the convenience stores are open,and the number of the convenience stores,we can make a guess that the total sales on all the convenience stores a year in Japan is about a billion yen.

Even if we can’t estimate at all,if calculating the one which we can make a guess,we can estimate it. If wanting to raise the accuracy of the estimation,inputting some basic number which are keys and updating the numbers periodically.

The total amount of individual consumption in Japan is about 30 billion yen,so the one…

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【How much is the sales volume on all the convenience stores a day in Japan?】

《Estimating and making a guess what we’ve wanted to know.》

The total amount of individual consumption in Japan is about 30 billion yen,so the one billion is also a big number.

On the other hand,the GMS,general merchandise store market which is mother organization for the convenience store has been in the middle of a hard fight.

The peak of the total amount of the sales on the GMS was around 1996,it was 1.7 billion yen,but after that it’s decreased more and more,it’s around 1.3 billion yen at present.

While as to the sales on food is maintained from 0.6 to 0.7 billion yen which remains stable or increases slightly,as for the clothing,it’s fatal. The sales on the clothing becomes below half before,the tendency of dropping down has never stopped.

If looking at the sales of UNIQLO which has suddenly grown economically since 1997,it’s clear at the glance that the GMS on the clothing has failed. The day may…

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『A continuation of the last response.』

The day when a department on clothing of a supermarket is replaced with manufacturing retailing on clothing may come true completely.

【How many are the aged in Japan?】

《An image on the aged depends on the times.》

I’ll reach the age of sixty in a few years,so does it mean that I’m an old man?

In the times when we could receive a pension in sixty the one who was sixty may have been the aged. The mandatory retirement age of a principal in an elementary school or in a junior high school used to be fifty–five about a half century ago.

The one who is sixty becomes the mandatory retirement age recently in a major company,but in some companies it's employed again until sixty five,and it continues to work as part time until seventy.

We aren’t surprised at it because the Japanese average life expectancy has expanded,and the vigorous aged who go on working after the mandatory retirement age have increased,it’s a good thing.

On the other hand an …

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【How many are the aged in Japan?】

《An image of the aged depends on the times.》

On the other hand,the expenditure on the social security like medical treatment or the one which is with regard to the pension accounts for about no less than 30 percent of the national budget.It’s six times as less as the national defense expenditure,but we have to be alert on it.

Our neighboring countries like South Korea and China have been vigorous at present,but it is said they will reach the decreasing birth rate and aging population like Japan.

By the way,it is said that the population of the aged who are over sixty is over 20 million in China. The aged accounts for 15.5 percent in Chinese population. Its scale is different from Japan so much.

《The aged make up about 25 percent of the Japanese population.》

As to Japan,the aged who are over sixty–five account for 25 percent of Japanese population,and it seems that half of them are over seventy–five.

As the tendency of decreasing the birthrate…

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【How many are the aged in Japan?】

《The aged make up about 25 percent of the whole Japanese population.》

The tendency of decreasing the birthrate and aging population has never stopped,and the ranking on the GDP a person has gone down suddenly in the world. It’s 26th place in the world. The aged who have little money have increased in the town.

America seemed to be declined at one time.but recovers with the power of immigrants and the English,which they have made use of the main language in the world,though as to the immigrants,the President has took a firm stance against them.

England has also recovered,for not only an oil field but the English which is its mother tongue are helpful for the recovery.

By the way,how does the Japan get over the difficult situation? Anyhow,the fourth one of the Japanese nation is over sixty–five,and half of them are over seventy–five. We need to recognize them,the author said like that.

【Income differential has expanded in Japan.】

《Gini…》

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【Income differential has expanded in Japan.】

《Gini coefficient ジニ係数 is a income differential which is showed in number.》

It used to be said that all of the one hundred people belonged to the middle class at a time in Japan,but it was a thing in the past.

While there is a super wealthy class,one of six children is in a poor family. The phrase of social polarization has been spoken among us,and the phrase has touched our hearts then.

There is the one which measures an income or the degree of concentration on wealth in relation to the one which is shown in numbers. We call it a Gini coefficient.

The Gini coefficient has frequently been taken up among an arguement on the social polarization as a topic,so we should remember it,the author said like that.

For instance,if the whole nation get the same amount of income,the Gini coefficient is 0.00. On the other hand,a king alone monopolizes the wealth and the rest of all the nation don’t have any income and the one like a slave,its Gini…

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【What I’ve thought.】

The thing which I’m going to express from now on is something negative,so if wanting to be encouraged with my expression,please refrain from reading my remarks,though there is no one like that

I don’t know why I was born,but luckily or not I was born. I’m sure there isn’t anything significant in life,but once being born,I’m forced to live. Without being dead,I’m forced to live.

It is said that about 4.6 billion years have passed since the earth has been born,and the whole universe is so large that its scale is beyond my imagination.

A feeling of a tiny one like me is meaningless,even if the one is great or marvelous it’s meaningless in the tremendous universe and in the tremendous time.

I’m not sure whether or not there is worth of living in relation to myself,but I don’t think I want someone else to decide whether or not | should live.

If wanting to die,I’ll ,and if wanting to live I’ll . Except for myself,no one can decide it even if I’m meaningless.

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【Income differential has expanded in Japan.】

《Gini coefficient is the income differential which is shown in number.》

On the other hand,a king alone monopolizes the wealth and the rest of all the nation don’t have any income and is the one like a slave,then the Gini coefficient is 1.00.

The middle of Gini coefficient is 0.5 and it’s the next situation. 10 percent of people in the upper class takes 75 percent of the wealth,and the people of 90 percent share the rest wealth of 25 percent.

If this situation continues,a feeling of unfairness prevails all over the nation,it may be possible that a riot happens.

When looking at the real situation that while there are some people of which annual income are a thousand million yen,there are lots of people of which annual income is no more than two million yen,I’m forced to think the Gini coefficient has risen in our country.

Actually the Gini coefficient is a little over 0.38 in 2014. What causes the situation?

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【Income differential has expanded in Japan.】

《Gini coefficient is the income differential which is shown in number.》

It seems that the Gini coefficient has gone up in our country. Its one of reason is the next.

Roughly speaking,there are employee of which number is a little more than 50 million,including 20 million of non–regular employee.

The non–regular employees’ pay leve is low,and their lifetime wage is also extremely low in many cases.

《The number of people who commit suicide in Japan tends to decrease,but …》

There are some people who choose to kill themselves owing to the economic problem. The economic problem takes the second place which drives the people to commit suicide statistically.

The number of the people who killed themselves had been over 30 thousand a year in the past a decade,but it's reported it decreased to 25 thousand lately,but the number seems to be unusual,said the author like that.

If comparing the Japanese number with the one in foreign countries…

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【Income differential has expanded in Japan.】

《The number of people who commit suicide is apt to decrease,but…》

If comparing the number of people who killed themselves in Japan with the one of each country in the world,which is more,Japan,or other countries in the world?

The population which is a denominator 分母 is different,so no one can say it easily.

In general,if comparing the number of the people who committed suicide per hundred thousand,roughly speaking,it seems to be possible to be compared with the number among each country in the world.

Anyway,it is about time we seriously thought of a way of reducing the people who commit suicide from the point of view of social welfare and its system.

【Foreign travelers who visit Japan has increased.】

《What is called inbound,which is a bright topic in the Japanese economy.》

While there have been lots of gloomy topics like dropping of real wage,plenty of public debt,the effect of what is called inbound is encouraging topic for us.

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【Foreign travelers who visit Japan has increased lately.】

《A bright topic in the Japanese economy,what is called inbound.》

Before starting there is a thing which I have to say. As for the number of billion,I’m afraid I’ve made a mistake. It seemed that I confused 10億 with 10兆. It’s a terrible mistake. I’m sorry for it.

The inbound means a foreign tourist. It has been used among the travel agencies until now,but it seems that ordinary people have also started to use it in the past five years.

The number of the foreign tourist was over 24 million people in 2016,roughly speaking,no less than two million of foreign people visit Japan every month.

The number of foreign people of each country is the next one. 6.3 million from China, 5 million from South Korea,4.1 million from Taiwan,1.8 million from Hongkong,and the next one is 1.2 million from the U.S.A.in 2016.

The tourists from China are overwhelming,and the whole situation goes smoothly. Stock market in China went down sharply…

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【Foreign travelers who visit Japan has increased lately.】

《A bright topic in the Japanese economy,what is called inbound.》

The stock market in China went down sharply summer in 2015,and it was whispered that there was possibility of decrease on foreign people’s visiting in Japan then,but it has a little impact on Japan,and the number of foreign tourists have increased satisfactorily.

There seem to be the next reasons of increase on visiting of foreign tourists. Yen remains weak,a condition of issuing a tourist visa is eased,airline companies of good bargain are popular among them,good impression on Japan has been established.

《The effect of the inbound is no less than 3.7 trillion yen!》

Needless to say,Japanese GDP has been greatly influenced by the foreign tourists,for the individual consumption accounts for 60 percent of the GDP which is 500 trillion yen.

It is estimated that the money which the foreign people spent on their travel to Japan is a little under one hundred and…

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【Foreign travelers who visited Japan has increased lately.】

《The effect of inbound is no less than 3.7 trillion yen!》

It’s estimated that the money which a foreign traveler spent on its travel to Japan is about one hundred and forty seven thousand yen in 2016,and if multiplying the number of the foreign traveler who visited to Japan by 147.000 is about 3.5 trillion yen. Japanese economy couldn’t ask for a better economic effect than this.

On the other hand,the number of the Japanese people who visited foreing countries ,what is called outbound,was 17 million in 2016. The outbound and inbound maintained the balance to the consumption in 2015,and there was a news that it had been 55 years since the income and expenditure on the travel was in the black .

It seems that Japanese government includes the number of foreign travelers who visit to Japan is 40 million in its way of thinking. Then it is expected the consumption which is over 5 trillion yen. Domestic consumption…

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『Continuation of the last response.』

The consumption has been in the middle of floundering in Japan,so the 5 trillion yen will be very helpful.

【How much is the food self sufficiency ratio in Japan? 】

《A farmhouse has decreased to one fifth if comparing it with the one 60 years ago.》

How many are people who are engaged in farming in Japan at present? It accounts for a little more than 2 percent in the whole labor,about 1.7 million people.

The number of the people who were engaged in agriculture used to be about 10 million 60 years ago,so its number has decreased to one fifth.

Besides,the average age of people who are engaged in farming is close to 65,which in general we regard it the advanced age.

In a word,the advanced aged of 1.7 million have supported the food for the rest of people of 0.12 billion. To make matters worse,our country has been unstable because of the nuclear power plant disaster and TPP,and the self sufficiency for grain has below 30 percent.

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【How much is a grain self sufficiency in Japan?】

《A farmhouse has been decreased to one fifth if comparing it with the one 60 years ago.》

While almost all of the people have eaten the rice in Japan,the number of people who have eaten bread seem to increase,so the two of them are comparable.

Japan has imported farm product and it costs about 7 trillion a year. The amount of money of the import in Japan is about 83. 8 trillion yen in 2014,so its about10 percent is the farm product.

Almost all of the Japanese food depends on foreign countries,but if something makes us stop depending on the import of foreign countries,it’s obvious that we’ll be up to our neck in being short of food.

《How much the grain self sufficiency in the world?》

England used to push forward industrialization from the recognition that it imported the food from the continent,but Napoleon blockaded the continent,or Nazi Germany conquested the continent in the past.

The bitter experience has made them control…

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【How much is a self sufficiency in Japan?】

《How much is the grain self sufficiency in the world?》

The bitter experience has made the England control the self support for the grain lately,and the rate of self support becomes 100 percent statistically in 2011.

A kitchen garden 家庭菜園 has been popular among the English,and they cultivate the farm product for themselves. Lots of people who are engaged in the kitchen garden have exchanged the farm products with their companies,and completed their self sufficiency,being based in the home.

The rate of self support for the grain. of China,Germany,Brazil,India,Sweden,America,Russia,Thailand is more than 100 percent.

As to the farming major like France,Canada,Argentine,Australia,its rate of self support for the grain is so high that the grain is left so much and they export it.

Even Swiss which is a snowy country provide the grain for themselves. Its rate of self support for the grain is 50 percent.

FAO has announced that it’s worried…

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【How much is the rate of self support in Japan?】

《How much is the rate of self support in the world?》

FAO has announced that it’s worried about the country of which rate of self support for the grain is below 30 percent like Japan,or Holland.

We want the situation in which the rate of self support for the grain goes down more than present number,so we should aim at being the rate of self support for the grain is 100 percent like England,said the author.

【The pace of the world economy has expanded.】

《Do you know the prospect on the world economy?》

There are lots of things in number in Short–term Economic Survey of Enterprises in Japan 日銀短観,statistics for employment in the U.S.A. The things in number has been announced every month,or every three month.

The feeling of the people who watch the economic newspaper swing back and forth between joy and despair,for the announced number makes the foreign exchange or stock price change so much.

Someone leaked a staff in a brokerage firm…

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【The pace that the world economy has expanded.】

《Do you know the prospect of the world economy?》

Someone let out a staff of a brokerage firm the number in secret,and it was exposed and they were arrested, or Bloomberg also informed a contractor which paid for a special fee of the number by a few second earlier . It’s against the law. There have been several cases.

We should skim through an important report,the prospect for the world economy which has been announced by IMF every three month. An economic magazine or prominent newspaper announced the report at the beginning of January,April,July,and October. When looking at it,it is obvious that the direction which the world turns.

By the way,when being on board the plane,have you ever been worried about its speed per hour? Without trying to make a landing,if it’s too slow,the plane will fall.

The prospect of the world economy makes us inform the speed of which the world economy expands. It was expected 3.1 percent in 2017. It was…

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【The pace that the world economy has expanded.】

《Do you know the prospect of the world economy?》

The rate that the world economy expanded in 2017 was expected 3.4 percent.

When the rate that the world economy expands is below 3 percent,if the world economy was an airplane,it would be in danger of falling,but it’s 3.4 percent,so it’s not so bad.

In the report of IMF,the rate of change from the former investigation is announced,so trying to look at the change carefully and to expect the situation in the future.

《Making sure not only the thing in number but the change.》

If we were an economist,we would need to read the prospect on the world economy everywhere,but it is enough for us to recognize that there is an announcement like that,the whole world has paid attention to not only the number,but the change from the former announcement.

The number in the form of the inflation–adjusted economic growth rate 実質経済成長率 on the whole world,on main countries of developed countries and….

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『Continuation of the last response.』

The number in the form of the inflation adjusted economic growth rate on the whole world,on the main countries of developed ones and rising ones are placed in the economic newspaper January,April,July,and October,

If we’re interested in the number so much that we look forward to watch the newspaper and restless so much January,March,July,and October,we’ll be really something,the author said like that.

【A way of reading the newspaper in which even a beginner isn’t indifferent to the economy.】

《The amount of the information on the economic newspaper a day is equivalent to two paperbacks.》

How much do you spend the time on reading a paperback? The one who can read faster may take less than one hour,but the other who takes much time when reading the theme and the sentences may takes more than 10 hours.

The amount of the information on the economic newspaper is equal to the two paperbacks.

Even if the advertisement is half of the newspaper…

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【A way of reading the economic newspaper in which even a beginner isn’t indifferent to the economy.】

《The amount of the information on the economic newspaper a day is equivalent to two paperbacks.》

Even if the advertisement is half of the newspaper,the newspaper has 40 pages. If folding up the newspaper four times,roughly speaking,its size becomes the paperback.

The 1 page on the economic newspaper is equal to 16 pages of the paperback,and it’s 40 pages,so it’s equal to the paperback of which number of pages are 640.

However,we can’t spend hours on reading the newspaper everyday. It’s too heavy a burden for us as routine everyday,but we don’t have to be worried about it,for we don’t have to skim through all the information.

When being used to reading the economic newspaper,we learn to understand a page where the information is shown,and what kind of information it is,which information we need,or whether or not to omit to read it.

《A way of reading the newspaper which becomes…》

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【A way of reading the economic newspaper in which even a beginner isn’t indifferent to the economy.】

《A way of reading the economic newspaper makes us an expert on the economy.》

I’m going to show you the way of reading the economic newspaper which we aren’t indifferent to the economy,especially I recommend a beginner on the economic newspaper,so please try to do it,said the author like that.

『Reading the front page alone carefully everyday』

A day when we have little time,a day when we’re tired,or a beginner on the economic newspaper should read the front page carefully,for the front page is summary tha important items is put together. If wanting to read it quickly,the front page is the most suitable.

Even if we have little time or how much being tired,we need to read the front page word for word. There are some news in detail on other pages. When there is news in which we’re interested on the other page,if looking for the news correspondent to the one which we’re interested and…

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『Continuation of the last response.』

When there is news in which we’re interested on the other page,if looking for the news correspondent to the one in which we’re interested and read it,we can get deeper knowledge from the news.

『Expanding our knowledge with the page of economic class.』

There is a page of economic class in the economic newspaper from Monday to Friday. A recognizing authority in a field clears up the problem in the society on. the page of economic class and easy economics.

There are lots of so timely topics that we should skim through the page by all means.

『At first looking at a headline alone.』

There is a way of reading each page. The one is skimming through a headline alone. If we’re interested in the headline,we try to read its outline. If wanting to get more information,we read its main sentences.

《Jotting down the number everyday》

Without feeling like reading the newspaper,we should pick up a few numbers on something in which we’re interested,whenever…

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【The way of reading the economic newspaper which we’re indifferent to economy.】

『Jotting down some numbers every day.』

…whenever the numbers appear on the page,we jot it down. If paying attention to the numbers becomes our habit,we’ll look forward to reading the newspaper everyday,and the sense of the number is trained,

The author recommends that we should check the number on the exchange rate of the yen,average stock price of Nikkei,a Short–term Economic Survey of Enterprises in Japan 日銀短観.

『Three of the most important news for us alone.』

The author said a good way of taking interest in the news. Even if looking at the newspaper for no more than five minutes,we can feel something. We pick up the big three news for us alone.

They don’t have relation to common knowledge in the society,for they are the big news for us alone. For instance a settlement of accounts of which company produces our favorite thing,a new model of Shinkansen,a relation between going up the price on the…

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【The way of reading the economic newspaper in which we’re not indifferent to the economy.】

『Three of the most important news for us alone.』

…the relation between the going up the price on the beer and the tax,they are all right.

If choosing among the thing which is close to us,and stimulating our curiosity,a field of vision in which we see the economy will expand gradually.

Then we can have lots of topics about which we can talk with others. When we know something,we tend to speaki it in front of others. If we can know the topic so much that we can talk with others on the topic,the topic will become our knowledge,including the number.

【A knack of reading on each day.】

《Getting a good information slowly and carefully in a weekend.》

If glancing at the economic newspaper,it seems to be the same,it seems to be difficult as ever,but it has rhythm on the information everyday. If we know the tendency of the news,or special section each day,we’ll find it easy to read.

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【A knack of reading on each day.】

《We get a good information slowly and carefully in a weekend.》

For example,while it’s important,it has low news value,or articles which a journalist took much time and collected the information. Those kind of news appear on Saturday and Sunday,especially on Sunday,the news filled with information which may be correspondent to a paperback if reading it carefully.

The author said there is the one which he recommended especially. It’s a column of translation in the leading newspaper named Financial Times which the economic newspaper company bought.

The most prominent intellectual people in the world develop an witty argument on the paper,and it’s translated easily to read,so we can get plenty of good information there.

Possibly if reading for the first time,we may not understand it very much,but we should go on reading it at least for a year. We can accumulate the information as same amount as an economic critic does.

If taking interest in the …

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