Let's enjoy English 12th

【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《National police reserve was founded by government decree when the national assembly wasn't open》

...besides food, shelter and clothing are free, so its condition is so attractive.

Needless to say, there used to be a selection for its member by an examination. The number on the recruitment was seventy-five thousand, but it's said its applicants reached no less than three hundred eighty-two thousand.

《Eradicating militarism by severe test on thought》

What kind of test did they take then？

Broadcast on TV...

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《Eradicating the people who had the militantism by a severe test》

Then the broadcast on TV has never been done seriously.

The news movie for recruiting the member on the national police reserve was always shown before the main film was played in a movie theater. The ones who went to see the movie knew the various information on the national police reservation.

The news film writing a cover story on the test for the national police reservation is left like the next,

Its narration and an interview were shown

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《Eradicating the people who had the militarism with a severe test》

The narration and interview on the test were shown like the next.

The test was done all together in the whole Japan. Examiners who were more than three times gathered, and the test which covered to physique, thought, and common sense was done. There was a youth who asked to be passed really.

There were no service person who used to belong to the navy and army nor the one who was partly for fun. Some of them are adopted temporarily and after…

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《Eradicating the people who had the militarism with a severe test》

…and after the strict investigation they’ll be adopted formally. There were lots of current topics in intelligence test, and some answers were so unusual and so amusing that it made others smile.

The reporter went to the place where the personality test was done and reported how it was done.

The examiner asked, are you interested in political problem?

The one who took the examination answered it isn’t.

The examiner asked, who do you…

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《Eradicating the people who had the militarism with a severe test》

The examiner asked, who do you revere?

The one who took the test answered, a hero.

The examiner, Hero? There seem to be various heroes. Does it mean you have respect for the Prime Minister？ How about your father?

The one who took the test. I have respected him.

In short, investigating the thoughts severely means preventing the people who had the militarism belonged to the Imperial Japanese Army from going into the Self Defense Force.

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

There has been intention of choosing people who don’t say Japanese used to be wonderful before the War, nor the one who wanting Japan to use the force in Asia.

《Making up for the police was just the public stance.》

There is a second illustration on the training for the new members on the national police reserve who passed the test.

The adopted members were gathered at the police school which are six places in Japan and were organized into the unit.

As the U.S.Army was sent to the Korean Peninsula…

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《Making up for the police was just the public stance》

…American camps were empty and the new members were divided into the six areas and were trained from American instructors there.

When looking at the illustration, the members trained for shooting machine gun. If the members were the policemen, they didn’t have to shoot the machine gun. Other image that the member used bazooka, or artillery 迫撃砲 was also left. Those weapons were lent from the U.S. army.

America thought it wanted Japan to make the…

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《Making up for the police was just for the public stance》

America thought it wanted Japan to make the military force, it’s real intention, so it handed the Japanese American equipment. The national police reserve was founded in the name of making up for the police, but it turned out to be the public stance with those illustrations. Actually it’s the basic one for being the Self Defense Force in the future in Japan.

As it became clear, big arguments broke out in Japan then, but America recognized Japan …

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《Making up for the police was just for the public stance》

…but America recognized Japan couldn’t make the military force, and American instructors were told from their boss like the next.

The one who you’d train are soldiers, but they aren’t, so don’t call them soldiers. As it’s not the military force, the tank has never been used. Call the one which looks like the tank a special vehicle.

In short, America adopted the public stance the national police reserve wasn’t the military force.

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which isn’t inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《Making up for the police was just the public stance》

American instructors were told to train the Japanese in a position not belonged to the military force, so there was the time when instead of calling tank, calling it the special vehicle for a while.

《The Self Defense Force on the ground, marine, and air was born in 1954》

The Coast Safety Force which becomes the Marine Self Defense Force later was founded in 1952.

The National Police Reserve becomes the Ground Self Defense Force in the public stance…

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《The Self Defense Force on the ground , marine, and air was born in 1954》

The National Police Reserve becomes the Ground Self Defense Force in the public stance that It was the police on the ground, and the Coast Safety Force which started in the public stance that it’s the part of the Japan Coast Guard and develops into the Maritime Self Defense Force soon. There was the direction from America in the background then, and the organization becomes bigger and bigger still more.

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《The Self Defense Force on the ground, maritime, and air was born in 1954》

The Coast Safety Guard belonged to the Japan Coast Guard became the name of the Safety Guard August in 1952, and the National Police Reserve changed its name into Security Force this time October in the same year.

Those things happened owing to the signature on the peace treaty in San Francisco which admitted Japan to be independent in 1951, and Japan has accomplished being independent with it, but when concluding the peace treaty…

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution?】

《The Self Defense Force on the ground, maritime, and air was born in 1954》

…when concluding the peace treaty, America demanded Japan to be military preparation again at the thought of the threat from the Soviet Union, but Japan can’t make the military force because of the nine article in the constitution, so founding the security agency as government office and making the security guard. It was done by a new law, so the Coast Safety Guard changed its name. Japan handled it with making the law this time.

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《The Self Defense Force on the ground, maritime, and air was born in 1954》

How was the situation informed to the Japanese then? There is valuable image which makes us know it and the author shows its narration like the next.

We are going to introduce you the new equipment on the security guard. Is the security guard the military force or not? It has been a controversial topic since it was founded. After watching it, please judge it for yourselves.

The narration said it left the judge whether or not the…

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《The Self Defense Force on the ground, maritime, and air was born in 1954》

The narration said it left the judge whether or not the Security Guard was the military force to the Japanese.

The security guard was strengthened by tank, battleship called destroyer, which is smaller than cruiser 巡洋艦, and bigger than frigate, and escorted a group of ships and get rid of submarine.

As to aircraft, it started to be lent from America, and its member increased to some one hundred ten thousand, and its name has changed…

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

The Security Guard changed its name again and the Self Defense Force was born in 1954. The Security Guard on the ground becomes the Ground Self Defense Force, and the Safety Force becomes the Maritime Self Defense Force, and then the Air Self Defense Force was born for the first time.

《American intention hidden in the build up the defense force》

It has been thought there was pressure from America in the background on the foundation of the Self Defense Force.

Korean War became the cease-fire July in 1953.

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【Is Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《American intention hidden in building up the defense force》

As a result, a large amount of weapon was left. What should they do? America had to deal with the large amount of weapon, so instead of helping Japan economically, told Japan to build up the defense force, demanding to buy the equipment. It has been thought like that.

Then Japan also decided to build up the defense force and made a new law. It’s the law on the Self Defense Force. Thus after four years from the outbreak on the Korean War, the Self …

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《American intention hidden in building up the defense force》

…the Self Defense Force was born like that.

The scale on the organization became bigger and the member increased to one hundred and fifty thousand. Its equipment expanded bigger and bigger in the form of being forced by the request from America, and became bigger organization as time passed. There was the history like that.

The Self Defense Force becomes bigger, and there has been expectation from America there.

《Absolute difference between the…》

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《The absolute difference between the military force and the Self Defense Force in the viewpoint of the government》

As to the equipment on the Self Defense Force which isn’t the military force, a controversial event happened overseas. There was a performance test on an escort ship called Izumo which is the same type as the one which is bigger than the building on the Metropolitan building September in 2014, and then there was a report in China like the next.

Japanese aircraft carrier 空母 called Izumo…

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《The absolute difference between the military force and the Self Defense Force…》

Japanese aircraft carrier called Izumo repeated the test on the sea. It has an offensive real power.

The report called the escort ship Izumo the aircraft carrier and criticized it had the real offensive power, but the author pointed out that China has also the aircraft career. The aircraft carrier has a flying deck and an aircraft is used there. There is the picture on Izumo, and from one end to the other is used as the …

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《The absolute difference between the military force and the Self Defense Force…》

…and from the one end to the other on the escort ship is able to be used as flying deck. As Japanese escort ship is the one which can load a helicopter, so the flying deck is filled with helicopters and sails on.

If the flying deck spreads out like that, being able to make a fighter and a bomber plane fly from there, so it’s the aircraft carrier, it has been said like that.

On the other hand, the Ministry of Defense has…

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《The absolute difference between the military force and the Self Defense Force…》

…the Ministry of Defense has expressed like the next.

It’s a multiple purpose ship which is also used for a large scale of disaster or for an international emergency rescue and there has never been a plan of loading airplane which has destructive power.

In short, any fighter isn’t loaded on the Izumo which is the escort ship, so it’s not an offensive aircraft carrier at all, besides Japan used to have a comment of being unable…

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《The absolute difference between the military force and the Self Defense Force…》

…moreover Japan used to have a comment that it must not have any offensive aircraft carrier as the opinion from the government. It’s the next opinion which was shown with the interpretation on the 9 article in the constitution in 1988.

Possessing offensive weapon means exceeding bare minimum limitation for self defense, so it has never been permitted in any case. For example, possessing intercontinental ballistic missile…

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《The absolute difference between the military force and the Self Defense Force as the opinion from the government》

…possessing intercontinental ballistic missile, bomber plane for long range strategy, and offensive aircraft carrier has never been permitted, we think like that.

As the offensive aircraft carrier attacks enemy, Japan can’t possess it under 9 article in the constitution, so Izumo isn't the aircraft carrier. Japanese government has insisted on like that.

【The role on the Self Defense Force has…】

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【The role on the Self Defense Force has expanded under the international condition which changed extremely】

《Refusing the demand that the Self Defense Force was sent in the Gulf War》

More than 60 years have passed from the Self Defense Force was founded. At first its duty should have defended Japan, but a global event has made the position and activity on the Self Defense Force change. It was triggered by the end on the Cold War between the East and the West.

Then the President Bush in America and General Secretary Gorbachev in Soviet Union held peace talk at Malta in the Mediterranean Sea.

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《Refusing the demand that the Self Defense Force was sent to the Gulf War》

Then the end on the Cold War between the East and the West has come true. Almost all of the people hoped that the peace would come to the world, their expectation raised so much but various confrontation suppressed by the Cold War between the East and West has come to the surface. It triggered various regional and racial disputes.

The Gulf War broke out in 1991. Multinational forces including America demanded strongly Japan to send the Self Defense Force so as to deal with Iraq which invaded into Kuwait, but Japan…

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《Refusing the demand that the Self Defense Force was sent to the Gulf War》

…but Japan refused the demand, for then the Kaifu Government said that the Self Defense Force wasn’t the military force, so it couldn’t be sent to overseas. Instead of it, offering money. Japan prepared for money so as that the multinational forces fight in total one trillion and eight hundred billion yen.

After the Gulf War was over, Kuwait advertised in American newspaper, the nation was grateful for the multinational forces, for the multinational forces expelled Iraq. Kuwait showed gratitude for thirty countries.

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【The role on the Self Defense Force has expanded in the international condition which changed extremely】

《Refusing the demand that the Self Defense Force was sent to the Gulf War》

Kuwait showed gratitude for thirty countries by name on the newspaper, but Japan wasn’t included in thirty ones.

Without sending any forces, no one is gratitude to Japan! Without sending anyone and offering money alone, no one is thankful to Japan at all! That kind of argument has started from here in Japan.

《The Self Defense Force was sent to overseas for the first time. The unit on minesweeper was in the…》

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《The Self Defense Force was sent to overseas for the first time. The unit on minesweeper was in the Gulf Bay》

Japan wasn’t included in the countries which Kuwait showed gratitude in the newspaper. Japanese government was disappointed at it. Japan also should contribute personnel, immediately after the Gulf War was over, the Self Defense Force was sent overseas for the first time since it was founded.

It was the unit on minesweeper which was sent to the Gulf Bay. Then the unit got rid of and handled underwater mine in the Gulf Bay.

In short, it’s the mine on the sea. A battleship is made…

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《The Self Defense Force was sent overseas for the first time. The unit on minesweeper was in the Gulf Bay》

A battleship is made of iron, so it becomes magnetized, and the underwater mine responds to the magnetism and explodes.

In short, the ship made of iron isn’t suitable for dealing with the mine safely, without a wooden ship, it’s of no use.

Lots of minesweepers in the Self Defense Forces are wooden ships mainly so as to prepare for the mine which responds to the magnetism and explodes, so the wooden ships went to the Gulf Bay from Japan and got rid of the undermine.

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【The role on the Self Defense-Force has expanded in the world condition which changed extremely】

《The decision to join in the PKO》

In addition Japan paid attention to an activity in the United Nation, for It’s thought the peace in the international society led to the safety in Japan. It’s the PKO, United Nations Peacekeeping Operation.

Its aim is preventing an international dispute from occurring or from bringing about again. It’s an activity under oversight by the United Nation so as to maintain the peace and safety in the international society.

It’s concrete activity on the PKO under…

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【The role on the Self Defense-Force has expanded under the international society which changed extremely】

《The decision to join in the PKO》

It’s concrete activity on the PKO under the UN is preventing the dispute from breaking out, watching a ceased fire.

Watching the ceased fire means when the war stopped for a while watching countries so as to prevent from starting war again. If the countries are chaotic so bad, maintaining the public peace.

After the war was over and a democratic election was about to start, watching whether or not the election was done democratically. It’s one of duty

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【The role on the Self Defense-Force has expanded under the international World which changed extremely】

《The decision to join in the PKO》

Japan has decided to participate in the PKO and the law on the PKO was established in 1992, so more than three decades have passed since the law was established, and the Self
Defense Force is sent to each place in the world where the dispute was over. Thus the Self Defense Force has learned to be dispatched overseas.

《The first dispatch as the activity on the PKO was in Cambodia after the civil war was over》

Even if the dispute was over, is there…

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【The role on the Self Defense-Force has expanded in the international society which changed extremely】

《The first dispatch was in Cambodia after the civil war was over》

Even if the dispute was over, is there none of fear that the Self Defense Force faces something dangerous?

Using the armed might as the way of solving an international dispute is forbidden under the 9 article in the constitution, so when being dispatched overseas and something risky happens, if using the armed force, there is a problem it could result in being against the constitution, so five things have been decided…

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【The role on the Self Defense-Force has expanded in the international world which changed extremely】

《The first dispatch was in Cambodia after the civil war was over》

…so five things have been decided in the law on the PKO as principle.

Agreement on the ceased fire is formed, the country where the Self Defense Force is dispatched agrees with that Japan joins in, and neutrality is maintained.

Under those condition, it has been decided the Self Defense Force isn’t sent to anywhere which is dangerous.

Where has the Self Defense Force been dispatched concretely until now? The first country…

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【The role on the Self Defense-Force has expanded in the international world which changed extremely】

《The first country was Cambodia after the civil war was over》

The first country where the Self Defense-Force was dispatched was Cambodia. The civil war continued for a long time, but it was over at last, so the Self Defense Force was sent there for the first time September in 1992. Its duty was watching the ceased fire in Cambodia which ran to ruin, and assistance for construction like constructing roads, bridges.

Repairing work on the port of Sihanoukville and on the national road which….

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【The role on the Self Defense Force has expanded in the international world which changed extremely】

《The first country was Cambodia after the civil war was over》

Repairing work on the port of Sihanoukville and on the national roads which were devastated by the civil war was done by the land Self Defense Force, and the national road which was repaired reached some 6900 meters in total in a year, and the repaired work was over July in 1993.

《The UN has expanded the role on the PKO for the Self Defense Force and allowed it to seize power by force》

But after that with the change on the…

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【The role on the Self Defense Force has expanded in the international world which changed extremely】

《The UN expanded the role on the Self Defense-Force and allowed it to seize power by force》

But after that with the change on the international situation, the UN has expanded the role on the Self Defense Force. One of them is protecting residents under armed conflict.

The UN has announced a new policy on the role of the Self Defense-Force not only watching ceased fire but seizing power by force positively so as to protect residents. Seizing power by force means not to hesitate to fight.

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《The UN has expanded the role on the Self Defense-Force and allowed it to seize power by force》

The UN showed the new role to the Self Defense-Force like that. 26 years have passed since the Self Defense-Force was sent to Cambodia for the first time. 26 years means that this book was written by the author since the first dispatch was done. The Self Defense Force was sent to seven countries in total until then.

It was South Sudan where the Self Defense-Force was dispatched until May in 2017. The country was independent November in 2011, and the Self Defense-Force was sent to Juba which is…

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【The role on the Self Defense-Force has expanded in the international world which changed extremely】

《The UN has expanded the role on the Self Defense-Force and allowed it to seize power by force》

…and the Self Defense-Force was sent to Juba which was the capital in the South Sudan so as to support nation building like repairing roads, but an armed clash caused between the government forces and insurgent band in 2013, and it turned into the civil war actually then.

To tell the truth, the Self Defense-Force in Japan confronted on the crisis of battlement there July in 2016.

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【The role on the Self Defense-Force has expanded in the international world which changed extremely】

《The Self Defense-Force was under threat on fight in the South Sudan》

A large scale of fight of which number on deceased more than three hundred in a few days broke out in Juba where the Self Defense-Force stayed. It is said that a gunfight was done near encampment on the Self Defense-Force.

The Self Defense-Force was sent to there being based on the principle on the law of the PKO, so it must not be in a battle area originally.

The Self Defense-Force should withdraw from Juba…

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【The role on the Self Defense-Force has expanded in the international world which changed extremely】

《The Self Defense-Force was under threat on fight in the South Sudan》

The opposition party pursue the question like that and it developed into an argument, but the government insisted that it wasn’t the state of war and the firing was accidental and sporadic.

The member on the Self Defense-Force kept a daily report in the actual site, and one of free journalists asked the government to show the daily report, asking information disclosure.

On the other hand, the Ministry of Defense said…

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【The role on the Self Defense-Force has expanded in the international world which changed extremely】

《The Self Defense-Force was under threat on fight in South Sudan》

…the Ministry of Defense said to the journalist it got rid of the daily report, as throwing it away, so there is nothing. It was reported once like that, but an electrical data were discovered after that.

According to the electrical data, fighting has been recognized in the city of Juba, and they were sure of being careful, for the Self Defense-Force may have been involved with it.

It turned out that the Self Defense-Force…

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【The role on the Self Defense Force has expanded in the international world which changed extremely】

It turned out that the Self Defense-Force which was sent to the South Susan was under threat on fight, according to the electric data.

《Rushing and protecting is a new duty which is imposed on the Self Defense-Force》

Furthermore, a new duty was about to be imposed on the Self Defense-Force then. It’s rushing and protecting. What’s that?

There are members on the staff belonging to the UN who joined in the PKO and other members on the staff belonging to the Non Governmental Organization…

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【The role on the Self Defense-Force has expanded in the international world which changed extremely】

《Rushing and protecting is a new duty which is imposed on the Self Defense-Force》

…personnels in the PKO, and soldiers in other countries which are close to Japan.

If they were attacked by armed group and there are none of allied force who helped them nearby, the Self Defense-Force can go and help them then. It has been formed September in 2015 and other new duty like exercise of the right of collective self defense force 集団的自衛権の行使 has been imposed on the Self Defense-Force as well.

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【The role on the Self Defense-Force has expanded in the international world which changed extremely】

As to the rushing and protecting, it’s done when the armed group attacks in one side way, the Self Defense-Force goes and helps, so there is enough possibility on the gunfight, for the armed group must have thought the support unit came and attack them from the enemy, so they would attack the Self Defense-Force. It has been thought. It has enough possibility.

But the rushing and protecting has never been enforced actually, for then the Abe Prime Minister decided a policy to withdraw the…

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【The role on the Self Defense Force has expanded in the international world which changed extremely】

《Rushing and protecting is a new duty which is imposed on the Self Defense-Force》

…for then the Abe Prime Minister decided a policy to withdraw the Self Defense-Force from the South Sudan in 2017, and the whole unit returned to Japan May in the same year.

It is certain that the Self Defense-Force could return to Japan safely, but the situation in the South Sudan has never changed so much.

It seems that the arrangement on the roads was over, the Self Defense-Force accomplished its role…

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【The role on the Self Defense-Force has expanded in the international world which changed extremely】

…after the role on the Self Defense-Force was over it returned to Japan. It seems like that, but what’s the truth?

If continued to stay on the South Sudan, the Self Defense-Force may have been involved with the armed clash eventually, and no one was sure what would happen, so the judgement on withdrawal was done before something unexpected thing happened. There has been the criticism like that.

With the change on the world situation, new duties have been added to the Self Defense Force…

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【The role on the Self Defense-Force has expanded in the international world which changed extremely】

《Rushing and protecting is a new duty which is exposed on the Self Defense-Force》

With the change on the world situation, the new duty has been added to the Self Defense-Force like being sent to overseas, and rushing and protecting, so the risk which the members on the Self Defense Force face has heightened more than before.

The Self Defense-Force has existed so as to protect Japan, but why is it sent to overseas? Isn’t it in the wrong? Some people have pointed out like that.

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Except for the PKO, the Self Defense-Force has been sent overseas more than forty times. For example, a large scale of disaster broke out overseas, the Self Defense-Force has transported relief supplies by air.

【How have successive cabinets handled the Self Defense-Force?】

《Yoshida Prime Minister who has did a 180 the interpretation on the Self Defnese-Force》

The role on the Self Defense-Force has expanded and how should the Self Defense-Force be in the situation? How has the Self Defense-Force existed under the present constitution? How have the successive cabinets told on the Self…

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