Let's enjoy English 12th

【Air Self Defesne Force】

《The secret on equipment which the pilot for fighters puts on》

When the scramble is triggered, what kind of equipment does the pilot for fighters puts on actually then? In fact, there are various secrets on equipment alone.

When flying the airplane is controlled in a severe circumstance extremely, so the pilot wears suits which can endure gravitation, and life savig eqipment when escaping preventing its life from being dead.

Gravity is added on fighters when flying, then the weight on the pilot becomes nine times, and the weight on the blood in the blood...

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【Air Self Defense Force】

《Secrets on equipment which the pilot for fighters wears》

...the weight on the blood in the blood vessel also becomes nine times, and the blood on the head drops to lower part on the body gradually, in the worst casescenario, losing consciousness.

The blood on the stomach and the feet is raised forcefully so as to prevent the pilot from losing consciousness, so the pilot wears the suits which can bear the gravity, what is called G suits.

Air is sent to the G suits from the hose on the waist by the plane, so the ballon in the G suits swells.

Ballon and blood...?

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【Air Self Defense Force】

《Secret on equipment which the pilot for fighters wears》

What is the balloon for? I’m not sure of it, though I’d researched it into the internet, but I can’t make out the relation between the balloon and the blood. I’m sorry for it.

There are members who specialize in maintaining and managing the equipment on life saving, and the pilot wears the equipment on the life saving on over the G suit.

The weight on the equipment of the life saving is from 3 to 4 kilograms. There is a metal fitting on the chest of the equipment of the life saving, and the metal fitting…

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【Air Self Defense Force】

《Secrets on the equipment of the life saving which the pilot for fighters wears》

…and the metal fitting connects with the parachute. When escaping from the fighters, the pilot supports its weight with the parachute and leg band which is between the legs, so when getting in the fighters for a battle, the leg band is tightened closely.

The leg band seems to be through between the legs and to be tightened the whole body of the pilot, I’m wondering.

There is a swimming ring for the life saving around the neck on the pilot. Without doing anything, when landing on…

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【Air Self Defense Force】

《Secrets on the equipment of the life saving which the pilot for fighters wears》

…without doing anything, when landing on the sea or on the river, the swimming ring swells automatically. Moreover there is a smoke candle 発煙筒 and smoke signal on the body of the equipment of the life saving.

When landing on the sea and no one comes to help for the pilot, or a helicopter approaches so as to help for the pilot, the pilot makes use of the two of the smoke candle and smoke signal and asks for help.

When escaping on the sea far away from the land, the food for emergency …

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【Air Self Defense Force】

《Secrets on the equipment which the pilot for fighters wears》

…the food for emergency is attached to the equipment of the life saving so as to prepare for the case when no one can come to help easily though its amount is very little.

It seems that the author wore those equipment actually and said as if he had worn a robot suit.

After wearing all the equipments, putting on the helmet and the air mask sticking to the face, the equipment t is over and the pilot controls fighters. The pilot is forced shut up so much.

After wearing all the equipments, the pilot…

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【Air Self Defense Force】

After wearing all the equipments, the pilot confronts what is called the scramble. The scramble was done 1168 times in the Air Self Defense Force in 2016. It’s the most in the past until the book was written. The interview was done at Komatsu base and the Komatsu base also always prepares for the scramble.

《How is the scramble done?》

How is the scramble done? The author interviewed the training on the measure of violating the airspace.

The scramble is done by two fighters basically. The pilots have to prepare for the scramble around the clock, then they must…

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【Air Self Defense Force】

《How is the scramble done?》

…and the pilots must wear all the equipments then, and the equipment get musty so much, especially in summertime. it’s overwhelming.

When preparing for the scramble actually, TV is on, and some pilots collect information, others read a book and another studies English and so on. Then private talk among the pilots who prepare for the scramble isn’t limited.

How is the scramble done actually? The author expressed a series of events actually like the next.

When the phone rang, ant the one who was in charge of the scramble took the handset.

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【Air Self Defense Force】

《How is the scramble done?》

At the moment holding the handset, he gave orders to the pilots in loud voice, Scramble!

Then the pilots who prepared for the scramble sitting on the chair sprang out from the room and went outside. The author ran after them. How fast they are! The author was surprised at it.

Ground crews also ran to the destination. The activity on the both the pilots and the ground crews are so fast, and the pilots ran up to the cockpit with the ladder.

The engine on the fighters started and the pilots put on the helmet and fighters started to move.

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【Air Self Defense Force】

《How is the scramble done?》

The series of event on the scramble was so fast that the author thought as if it had been done in an instant. Both of the pilots and the ground crews ran to the fighters and did what they should do each other at the same time and prepared for flying.

The ground crew had a wired speaker in his hand, and when communicating with the pilots, the wired speaker is used. Then the ground crew said to the pilots. The storm has approaches. Please be careful of it, and two of the fighters started to move together then. They can take off together.

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【Air Self Defense Force】

《How is the scramble done?》

The fighters move in very fast speed. The pilots try to take off as fast as possible, without a moment’ delay.

Two fighters moved from the parking area to the runway and took off like that.

《The feeling of tension which the pilots confront the enemy whose activity isn’t able to be foreseen》

When the scramble is triggered, the pilots flew in the air actually, and the aircraft belonged to other country approached. When looking at it with their own eyes, how did they feel? The author asked the pilot.

The pilot said he got nervous so much.

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【Air Self Defense Force】

《The feeling of tension which the pilots confront the enemy whose activity isn’t able to be foreseen》

The pilot continued.

When looking at the enemy for the first time, he felt very tense, for he couldn’t know what the enemy was about to do, nor the intention on the enemy.

In a word, all the pilots on the base where the interview was done seem to be brave and to be faithful their duties of without looking back on themselves.

《The ability of epoch making on the latest fighters》

Japan has bought the latest fighters from America so as to protect invasion from…

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【Air Self Defense Force】

《The ability of epoch making on the latest fighter》

Japan bought the latest fighter from America so as to protect Japan from the invasion through the sky by foreign countries.

It‘s the stealth fighter which was handed over to Japan from America September in 2016. It’s hard to detect on the radar of the enemy, it’s difficult to be discovered from enemies, so it’s called stealth.

It’s said the fighter of the main force on the next generation. How much is it? The single latest fighter costs four hundred billion yen. The Self Defense Force plans to buy the latest one…

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【Air Self Defense Force】

《The ability of epoch making on the latest fighter》

The Self Defense Force planned to buy the latest fighter. Its number is forty two.

The epoch making on the fighter is the helmet which the pilot wears. The single helmet alone costs some forty five million yen. Why is it so expensive?

The helmet has a transparent visor, and various information is reflected on the visor. There is an illustration on the image which is reflected on the visor. It has never been publicized in detail, but various numbers are described on the illustration.

It’s said it’s the height…

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【Air Self Defense Force】

《The ability of epoch making on the latest fighter》

It’s said it’s the height and the speed on the fighter or its flying course, but in fact the most epoch making isn’t those things.

Infrared camera is incorporated on the body of the latest fighter in various directions. The infrared camera works the helmet together. For example, if the pilot looks down, the scene right under is reflected.

As there is the body on the fighter, so the pilot can’t see it originally, but it can see with the system on the helmet.

If the pilot moves its face, it can overlook all…

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【Air Self Defense Force】

《The ability of epoch making on the latest fighter》

…the pilot can overlook all directions, up and down, right and left, even right behind. It has the infrared camera, so the pilot can recognize the enemy both during daytime and at night clearly.

Thus, the Air Self Defense Force has protected Japan over the sky by introducing the latest fighter.

【Ground Self Defense Force】

《The first division in the eastern army which protects Tokyo which is the capital in Japan》

The Land Self Defense Force has no less than 158 hubs on the whole nation, and some 135000 have…

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【Ground Self Defense Force】

《The first division in the eastern army protects Tokyo which is the capital in Japan》

…and some one hundred and thirty five thousand members have been assigned on the hubs.

The place where the Ground Self Defense Force isn’t called the base like the Marine nor the Air one. The place is called garrison, or vice camp. The way of calling is different, according to its size. The big base is called the garrison, and the small one is the vice camp. Why isn’t called the base?

The base has originally unmovable place like a runway where an airplane takes off or lands …

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【Ground Self Defense Force】

《The first division in the eastern army protects Tokyo which is the capital in Japan》

…or a port where a warship is at anchor.

On the other hand, the unit on the Ground Self Defense Force moves with every strategy and the place where the unit stays will be developed in emergency, but it doesn’t always mean that the unit stays there forever. It stays there at least at present, so we call it 駐屯地 in Japanese.

Roughly speaking, the garrison and vice camp are divided into five regional army like northern, northeastern, eastern, Chubu, and western. The eastern army…

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【Ground Self Defense Force】

《The first division in the eastern army protects Tokyo which is the capital in Japan》

It’s the eastern army which defends Tokyo, and Tokyo is the capital in Japan. The garrison which protects Tokyo supposes a military operation on urban terrain.

In emergency, a guerrilla unit may have invaded there, then a battle breaks out in the city area, so making its equipment light and making much of the mobility, Each of regional army has various character.

《Strengthening the defend on southern west area by deploying the mobile combat vehicle in 16》

The deployment on…

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【Ground Self Defense Force】

《Strengthening the defend on the southern west by deploying a mobile combat vehicle in 16》

Equipment and the member on the Ground Self Defense Force have been changed a lot recently. For example, defending system on the southern east area has been strengthened, preparing for attack or invasion by China or North Korea. A new garrison was built in Yonaguni Island belongs to Okinawa prefecture which is in the westernmost point in Japan March in 2016 as a part of the movement.

Moreover a new equipment is deployed in the western and Chubu army autumn in 2017.

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【Ground Self Defense Force】

《Strengthening the defend on the southern west by deploying a mobile combat vehicle in 16》

The new equipment which is deployed recently is the mobile combat vehicle. It resembles a tank, but it’s different from the tank absolutely in one place. Instead of caterpillar for running for, tires have been adopted. Why?

In emergency, it can reach its destination faster. If the caterpillar for running is attached, it can’t run an expressway, but the mobile combat vehicle can owing to tires. As it’s tire, the road isn’t damaged, so even if running the expressway…

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【Ground Self Defense Force】

《Strengthening the defend on the southern west by deploying a mobile combat vehicle in 16》

Even if it runs the expressway, there is no problem.

The tank is 70 kph, it’s the fastest speed, on the other hand, the mobile combat vehicle in 16 is 100 kph.

The mobile combat vehicle which has those tires is also overseas, but as to ability when running with high speed turning main gun sideway and shooting, it is said the mobile combat vehicle in 16 is the most superior.

【How does the Self Defense Force work in emergency?】

《The movie made us understand the chain of…》

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【How does the Self Defense Force work in emergency?】

《The movie has made us understand the chain of command on the Self Defense Force》

The author has expressed deployment, characters on equipment in the three units of Marine, Air and Land until now. But when in emergency, what kind of chain of command does the Self Defense Force work actually? There is a movie in which the chain of command is shown . When watching the movie, it is easy to understand the chain of command. The movie is シン　ゴジラ which was a big hit summer in 2016.

The chain of command on the Self Defense Force is shown enough…

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【How does the Self Defense Force work in emergency?】

《The movie has made us understand the chain of command on the Self Defense Force》

The chain of command on the Self Defense Force is shown enough realistic in the movie, under the full cooperation by the Self Defense Force.

There is the scene in which Godzilla was attacked for the first time like the next.

Joint Staff 統合幕僚長 said to the Minister of Defense, he understood it, and the attack will be able to start whenever it needed.

The Minister of Defense said he saw it, and he said to the Prime Minister he’d make the attack start actually

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【How does the Self Defense Force work in emergency?】

《The movie has made us understand the chain of command on the Self Defense Force》

And the Minister of Defense made sure to the Prime Minister in the Cabinet like the next.

The attack would be started actually. Is it all right?

The Prime Minister answered like the next. He saw it, and ordered to attack.

Needless to say, the supreme commander is the Prime Minister in the Cabinet. The Prime Minister orders a direction to the Minister of Defense, and the Minister of Defense says the order to the Joint Staff who is the top on the Self…

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【How does the Self Defense Force work in emergency?】

《The movie has made us understand the chain of command on the Self Defense Force》

…and the Minister of the Defense says the order to the Joint Staff who is the top on the Self Defense Force, and the Joint Staff told each of Chief of Staff 幕僚長 on the Ground, Marine, and Air.

《The system on the civilian control which obeys the decision on politics》

In short, as to the Self Defense Force, the statesman who is chosen from the nation stands at the top of it. We call it the civilian control. The statesman who is chosen from the nation…

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【How does the Self Defense Force work in emergency?】

《The system on the civilian control which obeys the decision on politics》

The statesman who is chosen from the nation controls the system so as to prevent the military on the ministers both on the navy and army from behaving selfishly like before the World War Ⅱ.

Therefore, the Self Defense Force has to obey the decision and judgement on the politics. Putting politics before the military authority in democracy. It’s the system on the civilian control.

The Self Defense Force which is a gigantic organization composed by two hundred twenty…

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【How does the Self Defense Force work in emergency?】

《The system on the civilian control obeys the decision on politics》

The Self Defense Force which is a tremendous organization composed by two hundred twenty thousand members is maintained and controlled like that, but there was an event recently which asked us how the Self Defense Force was.

Tomomi Inada who was then the Minister of Defense, and the Minister of Defense is at the top of the Self Defense Force, but can’t she control the Self Defense Force enough? Her quality as the Minister of Defense came under question then.

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【How does the Self Defense Force work in emergency?】

《Let’s understand the meaning on exclusive defense》

When being in emergency actually, what kind of action can the Self Defense Force take into? It’s different from the military force in other countries so much.

It‘s stated clearly in the homepage on the Ministry of Defense like the next. Its title is the base on the policy of defense.

When receiving armed attack from other country, the defense force is used for the first time, but it’s limited requisite minimum so as to defend itself. Moreover the defense force which the nation holds…

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【How does the Self Defense Force work in emergency? 】

《Let’s understand the meaning on exclusive defense》

Furthermore, the defense force which the nation holds is limited to requisite minimum so as to defense itself. The exclusive defense is the passive posture of defensive strategy, being in the spirit of the constitution.

It’s the way of thinking on the exclusive defense. When receiving armed attack from the enemy, the defensive force is used for the first time then.

In short, being dedicated in defending alone, and not having any offensive weapon which attacks the enemy. It’s the…

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【How does the Self Defense Force work in emergency?】

《Let’s understand the meaning on exclusive defense》

It’s the basic policy on the Ministry of Defense. The author said he wanted us to pay attention the part that the defense force which the nation holds limits to reclusive minimum.

Is it requisite minimum the defense force which the Self Defense Force holds?

There is the ranking on the military force in the world. It was done by an evaluation agency in America. Japan ranked 7th in the whole world. The other countries which ranked in higher than 7th is the next six, which is America…

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【How does the Self Defense Force work in emergency?】

《Let’s understand the meaning on exclusive defense》

…which is America, Russia, China, India, France, and England. Those six countries have something in common. What’s it? Every country has nuclear weapons.

As to the military force, the countries from the 1st to sixth rank have the nuclear weapons, and Japan has the most powerful military force than any other countries which don’t have the nuclear weapons.

As to the military force, Japan should have been reclusive minimum. Is it all right to have the military force so much?

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Some people may have doubted like that. Other people say it’s inconsistent with the base on defensive policy.

【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution?】

《Japan can’t have any army in the article 9 of the constitution》

The contradiction which the Self Defense Force seems to appear a little.

Various discussion on the Self Defense Force has been done until now. Let’s look at the Japanese constitution. Renunciation of war is expressed on the second chapter in the constitution,

Renunciation of war is fixed on the first section, and not having the…

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution?】

《Japan can’t have any military force, according to the 9 article in the constitution》

…and not having any military force, the denial of the right to belligerence 交戦権 is in the second section. In short, Japan won’t join in any war no more, it’s written there.

When reading and understanding the constitution, we don’t hold any military force like Ground, Maritime, and Air, nor any other military force.

In short, Japan can’t hold any military force, according to the constitution, but there is the Self Defense…

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《Japan can’t have any military force, according to the 9 article in the constitution》

…but there is the Self Defense Force in Japan at present, and its military strength ranked in the 7th in the whole world. It’s so powerful. What does it mean?

The key word solving the question is the phrase so as to accomplish the goal in the previous section. There is a description in the previous section like the next.

We renounce war, intimidation by armed force, or exercising the armed force forever as the any of…

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《Japan can’t have any military force according to the 9 article in the constitution》

We renounce war, intimidation by the armed force or exercising the armed force forever as the way of solving an international dispute.

In short, it seems that statesmen who came into power have thought like the next in the second section.

The second section says we don’t have any of military power so as to solve the international dispute, so instead of the way of solving the international dispute, if having for self…

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《Japan can’t have any military force according to the 9 article in the constitution》

If having for self defense, it’s all right. Successive Cabinets in Japan have judged like that.

But as it has been decided not to have military force, so the government has insisted that the Self Defense Force isn’t the military force.

On the other hand, some other people have said that the Self Defense Force is eventually the military unit, it’s the military strength.

It has been often said that the Self Defense Force…

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

It has often been said that the Self Defense Force is inconsistent with the constitution, for the interpretation on the constitution is various.

《The Self Defense Force was born owing to the Korean War. 》

At first, how was the Self Defense Force born?

The World War Ⅱ was over in 1945, and the war was over in Japan as well then. It was Douglas MacArthur who ruled Japan then. He was the supreme commander in the GHQ then. He disbanded the imperial Japanese force. The military force vanished from Japan ….

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《The Self Defense Force was born on account of the Korean War.》

The military force vanished from Japan completely then, instead the GHQ made military force which was composed of the U.S. Army mainly station each place in Japan. It is said some four hundred thousand stationed in Japan then.

But after five years from the war was over, an event which made the Self Defense Force be born broke out. It was an outbreak on the Korean War, and western countries of which center was America and eastern countries of…

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《The Self Defense Force was born due to the Korean War》

…and western countries of which center was America and eastern countries of which center was Soviet Union were opposed in the world. It’s the Cold War between the East and the West.

The big army in the North Korean invaded the South Korean, moving through 38 north degree which divided the Korean Peninsula into south and north on the 25th day June in 1950. Thus the Korean War broke out then.

《GHQ directed Japan to make the National Police Reserve》

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《GHQ directed Japan to make National Police Reserve》

The thing which America feared than any other thing then was the whole Korean Peninsula was unified by the North Korea which was close to the Soviet Union, so America appointed MacArthur as commander in the Allied Force. He was the supreme commander in the GHQ, and some seventy five thousand American soldiers stationed in Japan and almost all of them were sent to the South Korea.

Then there was none of the military force nor the U.S. Army in Japan then.

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《GHQ directed Japan to make National Police Reserve》

It means none of people could defend Japan then. The U.S.Army maintained the public order in Japan then, but none of the U.S.Army was in Japan, so the public order may have become worse, or the people who tried to start revolution were in Japan then, so there was a fear that the occupation policy didn’t go well.

Then the Soviet Union which was close to north to Japan. The Soviet Union was opposed with America. If America wasn’t in Japan, the Soviet…

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《America directed Japan to make National Police Reserve》

If America wasn’t in Japan, the Soviet Union may have invaded into Japan, for it must have thought it’s a perfect opportunity. What should they do? America was worried about it then, so MacArthur who was the supreme commander directed Shigeru Yoshida who was then the Prime Minister to make the National Police Reserve in the next month after the Korean War broke out.

But Japan was confused about it then. What was the National Police Reserve?

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《America directed Japan to make the National Police Reserve》

After that America showed Japan an concrete idea of having the equipment in detail, and Japan was astonished at the idea, for it was the military force. Japan declared not to have any war potential at the nine article in the constitution.

Even if being ordered to have the military force, the constitution prevented Japan from having the military force, so Japan couldn’t call it the military force, though it was the military force actually, but…

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《America directed Japan to make the National Police Reserve》

…but Japan didn’t call it the military force on purpose, and it wanted to call it the police. Thus the National Police Reserve was born then.

《The National Police Reserve was founded by government decree which was accepted in the National Assembly》

When the organization makes the start like that, its law is originally indispensable, so the procedure of which bill was shown to the National Assembly and was approved was necessary, but if making…

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《The National Police Reserve was founded by government decree which was accepted in the National Assembly》

…but if making the thing like the military force, it’s expected that the opposition party would oppose it and the National Assembly would be absolute chaos, so Shigeru Yoshida who was then the Prime Minister didn’t think the law was necessary, for it made up for the police, so the National Police Reserve was set up by the National Decree which was the order from the government.

When the National …

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《The national police reserve was founded by government decree which was accepted in the National Assembly》

When the National Assembly was in recess and the It wasn’t open, the decree on the national police reserve was promulgated 公布, so it was founded then.

At first, America made Japan make its constitution not having the military force, why has Japan founded the national police reserve? America has changed its policy.

After the Pacific War was over, America has made Japan not to have the military force…

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《The national police reserve was founded by government decree which was accepted in the National Assembly.》

…America has made Japan not to have the military force so as not to fight America any more. Thus the Japanese constitution was made, but the situation changed.

The Korean War broke out, and the whole world confronted the Cold War between the East and the West. Unless Japan had any power, America would be in difficulty, so America has changed its policy.

Thus MacArthur who was the supreme commander…

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution?】

《The national police reserve was founded by government decree when the National Assembly wasn’t open》

Thus MacArthur ordered Japan to make the national police reserve, after a month recruiting its member started. Advertisement for recruiting its member has left and its illustration was shown in the book.

There is a picture on pigeon in the center and the phrase that peaceful Japan has wanted us the Japanese and recruiting the member for the National Police Reserve.

It seemed that lots of people had…

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【Is the Self Defense Force existence which is inconsistent with the constitution? 】

《The national police reserve was founded by government decree when the National Assembly wasn’t open》

It seemed that lots of people had misunderstood that policemen were recruited and applied for it actually.

Then there were lots of unemployed in Japan, and a day’s wage on a daily labor was some 240 yen. In the time when working the whole day, its wage was 240 yen, its starting salary 初任給 was five thousand yen, and after being in engaged in only two years, retirement bonus was sixty thousand yen, besides…

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