A fourth diary in English

>> 250 【明日があるさ】Ⅲ


Its hero,ジョー faced a title match.His opponent was a title holder.He was the strongest boxer in his weight in the world.👑


However,マンモス西 didn't go to the match.Neither he did as a second for ジョー,nor he went to cheer for ジョー.😥

マンモス西 turned his back on his friend who selected his choice as if he had burned up like white ash and disappeared from the story.It means that he chose his life as cinders燃え滓.🔥


Those two people selected their ways which were different.The one who gave his life for his aesthetics 美学 in which he burned up as if he had been white ash,and the other chose an awkward life as cinder,but it had to lead its life with all his strength.重松清 thinks like that.😃

重松清 continues like next.『While I yearn for ジョー who burned up like white ash,I support other life in which there are lots of cinders.I affirm everyday life in which as if I continued to smolder くすぶる😚

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>> 251 【明日があるさ】Ⅳ


重松清 continues like next.😃

I'm sure it's a kind of selfーjustification 自己弁護,for I want to support and affirm myself who have lived awkwardly until so far,until an age of a man who others call what is called おじさん.😁


重松清 continues like next.🙋


There are lots of people who wanted to be ジョー,but they didn't.I'm also one of them.I'm not a type of ジョー，but マンモス西.I'm wondering when I recognized it.😂


重松清 continues like next.😃


I've yearned for ジョー even recently,and it's shameful of me who is so fat with lots of cinders,but I think it's all right.I seem to be brazen faced 鉄面皮😳


重松清 continues like next.😃


There used to be young people who dreamed a revolution and named themselves『あしたのジョー』,so they started on a trip to a neighboring country long ago.If I follow them blindly,I want to lead my middle aged life with a phrase,『I'm マンモス西』
🙆

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>> 252 【明日があるさ】Ⅴ


重松清 continues like next.😃

We don't always have to be with our heads held high.Even if being huddled up,falling on our knees,and holding our heads in our hands, without burning up,and without feeling ashamed of ourselves who don't burn up,and we lead our tedious common lives,having tasted both ordinary happiness and unhappiness one by one.😁


重松清 continues like next.👍


I find it very hard,but therefore I think it irreplaceable.I want to learn how to deal with cinders little by little.Even though they are cinders,if we gather them to some extent,they will be useful in its own way.🙋


重松清 continues like next.😃


We may be able to make them burn again like a piece of coke of coal.I don't mind at all even if there are lots of cinders in my life.🙆


重松清 expresses the cinders with other word.It's a remainder余り.7÷3＝2,and the remainder is 1.It means that the remainder.🙋

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>> 253 【明日があるさ】Ⅵ


As to the remainder,重松清 expresses like next.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　We have varied things which we can't keep under control,or we can't accept.Some dreams which we can't give up,some recollections which we can't forget,some regrets we can't wipe out,a sense of incongruity 違和感 which is hard to express for others.😚


A thing which makes us blush,other thing which suddenly makes us get angry,another thing which makes us not sit still,one more thing which causes a lump to rise in my throat,one more thing which makes us hold our heads in our hands.😃


重松清 calls each of them the remainder,and continues like next.😁


Without being aware of it,the remainders sometimes appear in our everyday life,changing their shapes into other ones of complaints,heavy drinking,taking out our anger on others 八つ当たり,wry smile,苦笑い,and sigh.😚


重松清 continues like next.😚

I'm sure there must be other remainders which reveal themselves with tenderness,heartrending sorrow,and bittersweet feeling 甘酸っぱさ.😊

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>> 254 【明日があるさ】Ⅶ


重松清 continues like next😃.


I love the remainders,including the ones of worthless,I'm very fond of them very much.I wish my story would reach people who have their own remainders,and my remainder would resonate　共振 with others'.😁


重松清 continues like next.😃


Even if there are lots of cinders in my life,I'm not worried about it at all.Speaking of the remainder,I wish myself could be the one like the remainder,in particular a prime number 素数😁

重松清 continues like next.


The one of number and the prime number iteself can divide it.Then there is no remainders.「重松清」÷「重松清」＝1. 重松清÷1＝重松清, in short,I'm myself.😃


重松清 continues like next.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
As to my stories,some heroes are kinds of remainders.If some students in junior high school are sorted by juvenile offenders,there are the ones who are equal to the remainders.I expressed everyday lives of them.😚

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>> 255 【明日があるさ】Ⅷ

重松清 expresses some characters in his stories as the remainders,but I've not always read his work which he referred,so I'm afraid I can't express exactly what he means in English.I'm sorry for it😳


重松清 continues like next.😃


I'm forced to be 重松清 itself eventually.Whenever a publisher asks me to write something,I offer my works to readers,making a fire with my own cinders.😚


As for myself,I'm sure there is little hope and dream when tomorrow comes,but I won't be worried about it,for I'm also myself,the prime number.😊



I sympathize with 重松清 about his comment,and I want to affirm myself who have lived until now,being called おじさん by others around me.😜


By the way,after finishing my job at a factory,I'm apt to suffer from my lower back 腰 pain a little recently.I'm wondering if I'm getting older and older gradually.I hate it😚

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>> 248 【A reason why Millet didn't paint faces of some peasants clearly】… 【A reason why Millet didn't paint faces of some peasants clearly】


Millet learned to paint pictures of some peasants when he was over 30,but he used to make a living with portraits which he painted.😃


It doesn't always mean he was poor at painting others' faces,but why did he paint them?😃


As to people of Millet's pictures,he didn't paint any specific people at all.😁


He wished to paint everyday life in which all the peasants came under 該当する,so he wouldn't paint the peasants' faces in further detail.🙋


Millet was born at a lonely village in Normandy in 1814 as a child of peasants,and he led his life in poverty,except for 10 years in his later periods when lots of people recognized his name as a painter.😃



He was so poor that he was forced to plow the field by himself,but therefore he was moved by the poor peasants who workeed,and found it his mission to paint significance,purity,and solemnity of their working.😲

• << 261 【A reason why Millet didn't paint faces of some peasants clearly】and others Millet who loved the earth and nature tried to paint the peasants as they were,for Millet loved to paint the peasants who led their lives in Mother Nature 大自然.😃 Millet persisted in painting everyday lives of the peasants.He expressed his respect for the them so much that he didn't paint their faces.😃 Being based on a book,名画をめぐるヒソヒソ話,I've expressed an episode about Millet,so my remarks aren't always what I think.😚 Some landowners exploited the peasants so much that they were forced to work hard.I'm sure they worked hard from early morning to an evening almost every day,but they had no choice.😠 When there was a good harvest,they would be pleased with it,even if the landowners exploited them,I'm wondering😚 Anyway, without working so hard,neither we can be filled with joy for the harvest nor we can paint like Millet,I'm sure.😃

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>> 257 『A relation between electricity,voltage,and electric current』


Let's suppose a relation between electricity,voltage,and electric current were the next apparatus.🙋
　　　　　　　
There is a tank on which there are some weights.Some water flow from the tank and make a water mill work.😃


Some weights are equal to the voltage,water in the tank is equivalent to the electric current,and rotations of the water mill are equal to the electric power.😁


There are two ways which make the water mill work fast.💡


We use much heavier weights,as a result,the rotation of the water mill increases.It means its voltage rises,so its electric power also increases.😺


Let's suppose there were a tap 蛇口 on the tank,so the more we turn on the tap,the more rotation of the water mill increases.😃


It means the electric current goes up,so the electric power rises.😉

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『Amount of electricity ＝ electricity × time』


We electricity in our everyday life.The more time we use the electricity,the more the amount of the electricity goes up.


As for a relation between the electricity and time,we express them with an equation.😚


The amount of electricity ＝electricity × time,and its unit is Wh.💡


The electricity ＝ electric current × voltage,so we can express the amount of the electricity like next.


The amount of the electricity ＝ the electric current × the voltage × the time.



As to electricity for household,we call it power consumption,and its unit is kWh.1kWh is equal to 1000 Wh.💡



With the spread of an electric appliance,amount of the electricity whiach are used in households has increased more than as it used to do.😥



As for amount of the electricity which is used in average households,it's from 13 to 10 kWh a day.Comparing with 30 years ago,amount of the electricity has become almost three times.😱

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【A blunder 大失敗😳】


Oh,I made a mistake.As for the last two response in this thread,I should have sent another one of mine,『Science,math,and English』.Those two are continuation of No.104😳


It was shameful of me to make an awful blunder,but I made a fool of myself by making the blunder,it's no use crying over spilt milk😂



All of you,please read another my thread.In general,my remarks are called ヤケクソ.😥


If it were a time machine beside me,I would go against the past and correct it.😣


Whenever I look my thread,I'm sure I'm too shy,but without telling my blunder,the people who read my thread will be confused.😣


If I am a native speaker,I'm wondering if I should say『Oh my god』,though I'm not a Christian,in addition,I never believe in the god.😚

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>> 257 【A reason why Millet didn't paint faces of some peasants clearly】… 【A reason why Millet didn't paint faces of some peasants clearly】and others


Millet who loved the earth and nature tried to paint the peasants as they were,for Millet loved to paint the peasants who led their lives in Mother Nature 大自然.😃



Millet persisted in painting everyday lives of the peasants.He expressed his respect for the them so much that he didn't paint their faces.😃


Being based on a book,名画をめぐるヒソヒソ話,I've expressed an episode about Millet,so my remarks aren't always what I think.😚


Some landowners exploited the peasants so much that they were forced to work hard.I'm sure they worked hard from early morning to an evening almost every day,but they had no choice.😠


When there was a good harvest,they would be pleased with it,even if the landowners exploited them,I'm wondering😚


Anyway, without working so hard,neither we can be filled with joy for the harvest nor we can paint like Millet,I'm sure.😃

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>> 247 【Preposition,of】Ⅵ Of's second basic image is a vague relation.W… 【Preposition,of】Ⅶ


As to the of,I'm going to show you typical patterns.


《part of the whole》

the edge of the cliff

corner of the room


I'm going to use a metaphor 比喩.Some members in a group are a relation.It's a part of the whole.

a member of this sports club

the most talented of the sisters


By the way,whenever there are examples,I put a number in front of them,but the examples which I'm going to express from now on are so short and so many that I find it complicated,so I omit it for a while.I'm going to express them after another.😚


Possessionーowner is also a metaphor of part ー the whole.😃


the uniform of the teacher


the beauty of a model


a colleague of my husband's

《Amount of something》


a lot of,a couple of,a bunch of,hundreds of,thousands of,dozens of,all of,much of,none of,a flock of,a school of,a piece of,a pound of


《A thing like a container,box,of something》

a bag of,a bottle of,a bowl of,a handful of,a pocketful of,a glass of,a cup of

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>> 262 【Preposition,of】Ⅷ


《Relation of 〇》

Word which means its relation,for instance,as for mother,father,secretary,and president,〇 shows its relation💑.


Example

⑭ He is the father of Alexander.


The relation comes under some 該当する verbs.Let's think of a sentence which means someone studies something.😃


A word of study expresses a relation between someone and something.Some verbs are also the words which mean their relations.Considering them,you'll recognize why the of is used in the next phrases.😁


the discover of America


Its relation means that someone discovered the America.🇺�


the breaking of the world record


It means that someone breaks the world record


the announcement of Charles and Diana's divorce


It means that someone announced Charles and Diana's divorce


the death of a Salesman by Arthor Miller.

It means that the salesman was dead,and Arthor Miller expressed it as a book.


the decline of the dollar


It means that the dollar declined.

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>> 263 【Preposition,of】Ⅸ


A reltion with something reminds us of the next one immediately.The one is expressed with ＝.It means an equality.😃


the art of painting


the problem of how to improve the economy

Needless to say,except for them,the of expresses varied relations,but each of them occurs to us at once

Example　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　⑮ the latest album of Mariah Carey


I'm sure it's a piece of cake.The of has a nature which makes listeners try to find out its relation,so it's limited a proper one on which we hit at once.😃


If expressing it,including a specific meaning,we use other preposition which isn't vague.


a glass of beer


It's a relation on which we hit on at once.


a glass for beer


As for the glass,when we drink beer,we use it.


⑯ I'm sure of his success.


The of which expresses the vague relation has a meaning of concerning something.😁

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>> 264 【Preposition,of】Ⅹ


When putting the of at the back of verbs,it means that being concerning something,and its meaning becomes more indirect than other to which the of doesn't stick.😺


Example


⑰ I read the book.


⑱ I read of the book.


⑰ means that I read the book itself.Contrary to it,⑱ doesn't always mean that I read the book.It means that I read another book which is concerning the former one.📖

Example


⑲ I know John.

⑳ I know about John.


21 I know of John


As for ⑲,it means that I know John intimately so much.

⑳ means that I know a variety of things about John.


In addition,21 in which the of is used means that a feeling of knowing something becomes little.21 means that I've heard about John.😃


A vague feeling of the of have an effect on us.As the about appearing,let's compare the of with the about.😁


Example


22 Think about what you did.

23 Think of what you did.


When a student played a mischief,which of the two remarks,22.23 is proper as a teacher's one?☝

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>> 265 【Preposition,of】ⅩⅠ


22 is proper as a remark of the teacher,for while think about means consider,think of means recall.There is a vague of the of feeling here.😁


I'm going to express some idioms in which the of is adopted.🔤


《thought nothing of》It means that paying no attention to,not being worried about a thing in the least.The of means that being concerning something.😃


《heard of》《became of》They also means being concerning something.


《make fool of》It means a separation.Its nuance is creating a fool from them against their will.

《See the back of》It means a part of the whole.A scene in which we see other's backis we see it off 見送る☝


《members of》《end of》They are also parts of the whole.


《made them jump out of their skin》We frequently use the phrase when being frightened or shocked with something.It means separation😨


《make of》It means understand.We often adopt the idiom when we come across something troublesome and we aren't sure what to do.It means being concerning something.

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【Preposition】

An author of ネイティブスピーカーの前置詞 expresses like next😃　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
I'm sure all of you almost understand an image of main prepositions and grasp their feeling and atmosphere,but it's not enough.😃

As for usage of the prepositions,there are other things which we should be careful.🙋


Each of the prepositions has what is called a territory.They find out their own places,striking just the right balance with others.😁


As to those territories,when expressing the meaning of the prepositions one by one,it may be hard to understand them,so we prepared this chapter.🔤


I'm going to express how to use at,in,and on which you frequently adopt in the right places.Please get used to each of the territories.😺


However,please don't misunderstand.As for how to use the prepositions in the right places,what I try to say isn't be nervous.😸


It doesn't always mean that choose correct prepositions when speaking English.I'm going to say is quite the opposition of it.☝

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>> 267 【Preposition】Ⅱ


As to how to use the prepositions,even if we make a few mistakes,none of native speakers won't blame us for them.Speaking English isn't a trueーfalse test at all.⭕❌式のテスト.


Without being worried about it,it's important for us to speak and use English freely.Considering how to use て・に・を・は of Japanese,they are hard to understand.😃



Few Japanese people have enough confidence to use them perfectly.When looking at a man in the street interview　街頭インタビュー on TV,there seem to be a lots of female students in high school who can't use the て・に・を・は exactly.In addition,English is a foreign language for us.🔤


Let's aim at being a batter who ten to one 十中八九 gets a hit. It's excellent in the beginning.🙋


After having a good command of feeling of the prepositions,we only have to rise its batting average when we experience lots of English as if we took a shower.🙋

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>> 268 【Preposition】Ⅲ


When finishing reading this chapter,you'll recognize how the prepositions are used instinctively,and therefore you'll be sure that it's ridiculous to think the prepositions like a feeling of the trueーfalse ⭕❌式 examination.🙋



Then you'll recognize specific territories of the prepositions.Let's start and please make yourselves be set free from the feeling of the trueーfalse of examination.😁


『in,on,and at which express places』


It may be ways of using in,on,and at in the right place that lots of students who have just started to study English in junior high school are worried.😱


As to the ways of using the three prepositions in the right place,it's so instinctive that you may find it a little hard,but you must be a batter who gets a hit ten to one here.⚾


Let's review basic images of at,in and on at first.😃


When being at a point whicg doesn't spread,we use at


example,


Taro is at the bus stop.🚌

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>> 269 『in, on,and at which express places』Ⅱ


Even though it spreads out,when paying attention to a surface like being on something,or it doesn't expand at all like a line,we use the on.😃


Example


② Taro is on the road.


A feeling of being surrounded with something is a nuance of the in.



Example


③ Taro is in the room.


As to a basic image of the at,it's a point which doesn't have an area,but does the bus stop possess the area? 🚌


Actual bus stop has some benches,or some students wait for some buses there.Needless to say,it has an area.I have to express precisely.🙋



A place of which we are aware as a point,oh it may be more exact to say it's the limited place of which we are conscious as the point.😚


We use the at for a place where we are forced to think it a point physically like a phrase of the end of the line.😺


However,as for almost all of the cases in which we use the at,it's the limited place where we are aware,even if the place has huge area.😁

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>> 270 『in,on,and at which mean places』Ⅲ


A feeling of we are aware of the at as a point is an important hint when we use the in which is being surrounded in the right places.🙋



We often hear that we use the in for a large place,and we use the at for a small one,but they aren't always correct.😃


While it's fact that we are apt to use the prepositions like those,there are lots of exceptions.Please look at the next examples.😁


Example


④ The tour begins at the Tokyo Dome.


⑤ The plane will touch down at Narita airport.


⑥ Our plane refuelled at London on its way to New York.


Though London is a large area enough,the at is used in the sentence.Why?Please think of a meaning of ⑥ ☝


We regard the place names as places which we are just aware points.We consider that neither there are height,nor depth in the points.😺



When we use the at or in,we don't make much of actual size of the places.🙆

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>> 271 『in,on,and at which mean places』Ⅳ


We find it hard to be conscious of the places as points when they become tremendous such the great city.😱


I'm going to show you some opposite cases.Can we use the in for a very small area?😃

Example


⑦ Careful. There is something in the corner of your eyes.


⑧ I bet you didn't know there is only one electron in the hydrogen atom.

The important thing isn't an objective size of an area,but point,or feeling of being inside.I'm going to show you another two examples.Please imagine feelings of the in or at.🙋

Example


⑨ I met Tom at Urawa.


⑩ I met Tom in Urawa


If expressing them in the Japanese,they mean the same one,but as for their nuances,they are obviously different.😁


When using the at,it means I met Tom at a point of Urawa.Its way of speaking is flat and tasteless 味も素っ気も無い😒


Contrary to it,when using the in,we can imagine how urawa is,and a feeling which I met Tom there appears.😺

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>> 272 『in,on,and at which express places』


An author of ネイティブスピーカーの前置詞 says like next.


「I used to live in Urawa when I was a child.When hearing of Urawa,it reminds me of the town's atmosphere.」😃


He continues like next.


「I recognize Urawa as a place which has its depth and area then.It's not just a point.Therefore,if I choose,I'll select『in Urawa』😊


Example

⑪ The plane arrived at London.

⑫ The plane arrived in London.

I'm sure it's a piece of cake.When using the at,we are simply conscious of London as a point.🇬�


Contrary to it,when using the in,it means that the plane arrived somewhere in London,imaging the capital.While each content is same,each feeling is different.🇬�


Example


⑬ See you tomorrow at the station.


⑭ See you tomorrow at the coffee shop in the station.


When using the in,we said the station of which way has an inside,so needless to say,the at is different from the in.😃

• << 277 『in,on and at which express places』 Ⅵ Needless to say,while the in is easy for us to use for a large place,the at is easy to adopt for a small place,but it means the next thing😃 When being in a large place,it's easier for us to recall a feeling of being its inside.What we should keep in mind is next two things.😺 The at is a place where we are just conscious of a spot.The in has a feeling of being surrounded with something.In other words,it's the feeling of being inside.😸 I'm going to talk you about a nuance of at and in which are more delicate.😚 Example ⑮ She was at Oxford. ⑯ She was in Oxford Let's think of difference between those two examples.😃 ⑮ means that she was there as a student,and ⑯ means that she was there as a resident or tourist.Why does,the difference appear?😚 Please recall the nuance of the at of which we are conscious as a point.Comparing with the in which makes us imagine of being surrounded,the at doesn't have rich image,for it just shows us the point.😚

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【A man who is rowdy 乱暴】


I work at a factory in which we make some parts of automobile.Varied people work there.Some are regular employees 正社員,and others are temporary staff,including me.🚗


There is a man whose name is Mr.K.He isn't only rowdy,but also capable.He is one of regular staff,and holds a responsible post,so when working together,he is equal to my boss,though he frequently yells at me.😒


By the way,I'm so tired that I'm forced to lie down.Too tired to keep this diary in English any more today.Good night,everybody.😥

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>> 274 【A man who is rowdy 乱暴】Ⅱ


As for a factory in which I work,it doesn't always show us clear instruction when making products.😚


Its equipments are so old that they are apt to have a trouble,or even if they are new,they have some flaws.😔


As I told,I make some parts of an automobile,so the parts have some holes exactly at the same position,otherwise when making the automobiles,a woker can't do it,but the parts don't always have some holes precisely.🚗


The factory think like next.

『While we have to make lots of good products,we must not send bad ones our customers.』I think it natural,but no one show us workers clear instructions,so as for the exact position of its hole,each of regular employees have different ideas.😱


Some of them say the part is good as a product,but others say it's bad,so the people who follow their instructions are confused.😱


As for the position of the hole,while it's a question of a few milli・meter,it's a big problem for us.😥

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【A man who is rowdy】Ⅲ


No one shows clear instructions those people who do the actual work,but we have to fulfill our quotaノルマ😒


The rowdy man is responsible for the production.He has been forced to fulfill the quota so far.I think it's very hard.😱


If I were he,I couldn't do like him,so I'm forced to respect him,though I hate to being yelled.😚

When growing impatient,he used to kick or punch others,so some of them quit the factory,especially temporary staff.😱


I'm wondering if the company let him pass,for someone has to fulfill the quota,so it couldn't get rid of him.😔


Being in the hard situation,some people are apt to being a disadvantage割を食う.The rowdy man may be also one of them,even if he took out on the others.😫


I wish I could win a big money with a public lottery 宝くじ,then I don't have to work in the factory like that.😜

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>> 273 『in,on,and at which express places』 An author of ネイティブスピーカーの前置詞 says… 『in,on and at which express places』 Ⅵ


Needless to say,while the in is easy for us to use for a large place,the at is easy to adopt for a small place,but it means the next thing😃


When being in a large place,it's easier for us to recall a feeling of being its inside.What we should keep in mind is next two things.😺


The at is a place where we are just conscious of a spot.The in has a feeling of being surrounded with something.In other words,it's the feeling of being inside.😸


I'm going to talk you about a nuance of at and in which are more delicate.😚


Example


⑮ She was at Oxford.


⑯ She was in Oxford


Let's think of difference between those two examples.😃

⑮ means that she was there as a student,and ⑯ means that she was there as a resident or tourist.Why does,the difference appear?😚


Please recall the nuance of the at of which we are conscious as a point.Comparing with the in which makes us imagine of being surrounded,the at doesn't have rich image,for it just shows us the point.😚

• << 284 【in,on,and at which express places】Ⅶ The at reminds us of nothing but the point.Therefore the at is the most appropriate when expressing some sentences which mean just the points.Then we don't have to recall how large the buildings are,or we needn't to be worried about their appearances at all.😃 Example ⑰ Many business deals are clinched at a restaurant. ⑱ I usually have a beer or 2 at a pub on my way home. ⑲‘Vampire Strikes Back’ーplaying at a theater near you. ⑳ Of course you can change money at a bank. As to the last examples of those three,we don't have to express their looks.All of the at in the examples are just expressed as the points.🙋 The at isn't a word which reminds us their appearance.Instead,we make much of other things when using the at.😚 We emphasize what happened there,or what they did there such as occurrences and activities.☝ For example,when expressing at Oxford,the phrase reminds us some activities there naturally.😁

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【A temptation】


I always think like next.😃


If I had enough time,I would study English hard,but I happened to be in the situation,I've never studied so hard.😳


When having enough time to do something worthwhile,I'm apt to indulge myself in heavy drinking.🍺


I used to go to an English language school and then I wanted to be a wonderful English speaker.🔤


Then I used to think like next.😃


『I can study English for 10hours in day off of mine.Five hours in the morning,and another five hours in the afternoon.It's a piece of cake🙌』


It has been shameful of me not to carry it out so far.It's easy to say,but hard to put it into practice.😳



As for today,I won't be able to resist a temptation of going for a drink,but I'm sure I need a relaxation.As for me,the relaxation may be so much.I have guilty conscience about it a little.😚

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【Stress】



How do other people get rid of their stress,I wonder.Whenever I go for a drink,I've hoped to help myself to cope with my stress,but to my sorrow,I've never attained my desire😥


Even if I sang lots of songs at a bar,I couldn't get rid of my stress.I find it necessary not to build up my stress,but I'm afraid I can't💦


If I had a girlfriend,she could give me some comfort,but I'm so stubborn,selfish,and difficult to please that no one doesn't approach me.I can't help it,for it's my own fault😣



I should fill English with my opening after all.When speaking to others,it end up behng just a complaint.It's disgraceful,I'm sure.😳


When being gloomy and depressed with something bad,I don't feel like expressing prepositions,even though they are very important.😒


Without working,the stress of mine wouldn't cause me great stress,but without working,I couldn't lead my life.😱


I wish I could spend for the rest of my life doing nothing.I hate to work.😩

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【Four corners in the U.S.A.is only a place where four states cross】

As for borders of the states in the U.S.A.,many of them are straight lines,and the states seem to be divided into quadrangles,but they aren't always regular squares 真四角.🇺�


As to a place where the borders of four states cross,there is only one.It's southwest in the U.S.A.Utah,Colorado,New Mexico,and Arizona cross there.🇺�



The spot where the borders of the four states cross is a desert which is up and down gently,and we call it four courners.🐫



There is a monument of the place,and plenty of tourists drop at the place,taking an opportunity of a sightseeing to the Grand Canyon.🇺�



In addition,there is a sign in the four courners.It says『Welcome to ナバホ・ランド』.The place is an end of an area which is the self-government of the ナバホ.The ナバホ is one of native American,and the area is the greatest in the U.S.A.The area is 65.000 square meters,and there is an another area of self government of another native American.It's ホビ.🇺�

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【An enormous stone stays on a slope at the blink of falling down】


There is a port town which we call マハバリプーラム in India.It's to the south from a great city,Madras.It's 60㎞ from the great city.😃



The port town used to be an international one which was proud of its prosperity,though it has returned to a small fishing village recently.🐡


The port town used to be full of Roman or Egyptian ships which came from the Mediterranean,and there were a variety of color at their masts in another ships which came from each place of Southeast Asia.⛵


It seems that as if some gigantic temples which stood at the white sand of the Bay of Bengal talked us quietly about the port town.⛵
　　　　　　　
The huge temples in which lots of gods in the whole cosmos are engraved are made of stone.They are masterpieces which are the most worthy of watching in India,but it's not the temples made of stone that an author of 新撰 世界七不思議,admired.😃

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>> 281 【An enormous stone stays on a slope at the blink of falling down】Ⅱ


It was a huge stone which attracted the author's attention.It stayed on the slope of rock which rose behind the temples.


Where did the tremendous stone fall from?How did it cause to stop at the blink of the slope?―for I can't find mountains where the gigantic rock falled from,the author wondered.😱


He continued like next.😺


『Did anyone carry it away and put it at the place which is on the verge of falling?If it's so,what kind of an incantation 呪い is it?The author wondered?😥



An half―naked old man offered a guidance of the ﾏﾊﾊﾞﾘﾌﾟｰﾗﾑ for the author obstinately,but he told the author to follow him,and tried to take him to the temples on the beach,withou glancing at the strange rock.😱


The author said to the old man like next.

『Wait a moment.What's the rock? Why has it been sitting there?』😲


The old man answered like next.


『It's just the rock.It has been there for a long time.The rock isn't worthy of watching.』😒

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>> 282 【An enormous stone stays on a slope at the blink of falling down』Ⅲ and others.


The old man continued like next.


『You should visit the temples.I'll explain them to you』😤


However,the author thought that the rock was more strange than the temples,so he went behind the rock and tried to move it,but he couldn't make it move at all.😱


By the way,I'm sure there are lots of places where I want to go in the world,but to my sorrow,neither I have time nor money enough to do it,moreover I don't have any vehicles,except for a scooter 😳


Without going for a drink,I'm wondering if I should save some money little by little.💰


As for going for a drink,I feel as if I tried to scoop up 掬う some water with a colander 笊,so I feel an emptiness so much.😏


Needless to say,I can't blame anyone for it,for no one has asked me to go for a drink.It's my own fault,so if I hate the emptiness,it's just that I only have to stop it.😱

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>> 277 『in,on and at which express places』 Ⅵ Needless to say,while the in i… 【in,on,and at which express places】Ⅶ


The at reminds us of nothing but the point.Therefore the at is the most appropriate when expressing some sentences which mean just the points.Then we don't have to recall how large the buildings are,or we needn't to be worried about their appearances at all.😃


Example


⑰ Many business deals are clinched at a restaurant.


⑱ I usually have a beer or 2 at a pub on my way home.


⑲‘Vampire Strikes Back’ーplaying at a theater near you.


⑳ Of course you can change money at a bank.

As to the last examples of those three,we don't have to express their looks.All of the at in the examples are just expressed as the points.🙋


The at isn't a word which reminds us their appearance.Instead,we make much of other things when using the at.😚


We emphasize what happened there,or what they did there such as occurrences and activities.☝


For example,when expressing at Oxford,the phrase reminds us some activities there naturally.😁

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>> 284 『in,on,and at which express places』Ⅷ


Speaking of Oxford,it's famous for a city of which center is the university,therefore we presume a person who used to be there to be a studnent.😃



I'm going to show you some another examples.When looking at them,there are some places in each example,but the examples don't always emphasize the places.😺


They mean what each person does there.In short,they mean their activities.🙋


Example


21 He is at his desk.


22 We are at the table.


23 He is at sea.

21 means he is writing something.


22 means we are having meals.

23 means he is on his voyage.⛵


Next time,I'm going to express on.Its basic image is surface.When comparing with in,its meaning will become clear.🔤


While the in has a feeling of being surrounded,the on has another one of clinging to something.😁

Example.


24 The football players are playing in the field.


25 The football players are playing on the field.

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>> 285 『in,on,and at which express places』


As for a point of differences of nuance between 24 and 25,it's a feeling of the in.It means being surrounded with something.😃

Oh!The next feeling of being enveloped with something is more appropriate rather than the former one.😫


As to the feeling of the in,it's not two dimensions,but close to three dimensions.😺


The in involves an image of being enveloped with something,so it reminds us of closed space which is divided with a wall or fence.☝



Contrary to it,the on doesn't have the image.As for an image of the on,something sticks to a surface of a thing.Nothing envelopes it at all.😃


Unless there is the image of being surroumded,we can't adopt the in.Needless to say,we can't use another preposition,at,then,for the at means a point.😱



Then we pay attention to its surface,and we are forced to use the on then.


By the way,I'm afraid I'm not good at explaining something to others,so if you have some difficulty understanding my remarks, please read ﾈｲﾃｨﾌﾞｽﾋﾟｰｶｰの前置詞😃

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>> 286 『in,on,and at which express places』Ⅹ


Example


26 He picked up a girl ﾅﾝﾊﾟin the story.


27 He picked up a girl on the street.


As for 26,a speaker has an image of next one.


There is a street where he picked up her.There are an restaurant,barbershop,convenience store and department store on the right.🏪


There are a bakery,fish shop,and cafe on the left,so the speaker feels as if he were enveloped there.☕


As to 27,there is nothing around he and she.In other words,they stand on the street as if they were put its surface.😃


In short,each difference of feeling against the street reflects another difference between in and on.🙋


I'm wondering if you can recognize how to use the in and the on in the right place.While the in has a feeling of being enveloped with something,the on has another feeling of being sticked to a surface.😺

• << 290 『in,on,and at which express places』ⅩⅠ Let's try to think a situation in which we can use the in so as to approach a subtle feeling of the in.😃 If we understand the in exactly,we will be able to distinguish between the in and the on easily.😁 It's being in a thing like a container when we have more feeling of being enveloped.For example,in the room,in the building,in the school,in the station,in the car.🚗 Even if it's not the thing like container,it's all right if it has a feeling of being enveloped.For instance,in the water,in the air,in a situation, in a friendly atmosphere,in the street.🔤 Even if it's not being enveloped entirely,as long as there is a wall or fence by us,we learn to have feeling of being enveloped,don't you? Oh!You say you don't.Please try to have a feeling of it.For instance,in the field,in the park,in the park,in the chair,in the bed.🙋

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『寺山修司』


Syuji Terayama says in his book like next.

『I sometimes want to have some phrases as my friends.It's I recognize when I'm alone in the middle of my trip』😃


『Needless to say,neither we can pat them on the shoulder nor talk with them as if they were my friends,but I'm apt to be familiar with the words as if they were old friends of mine.』☺


Syuji Terayama continues like next.


I used to want to be a boxer in my boyhood,but if i'm forced to be given choice of eating or winning,i thought that I should eat.😚


Then I recognize a hungry young man can't become an angry one.Instead of being a boxer,I've become a poet.🙋


Syuji Terayama continues like next.


『Then I thought like next.I should knock down a person with my own phrases.As for we poets,we can adopt our phrases for others as weapons.I have to be able to do next things as the poet.They are…』😏


To be continued.By😁

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>> 288 『寺山修司』Ⅱ

Syuji Terayama continues like next.


Stabbing a person into its heart with my own words,brandishing my words as if they were knives.😒


Contrary to it,my word must be things like medicine which can heal heart,even if the heart are broken in a variety ways.😁


Syuji Terayama continues like next.


My words must give a person comfort,even though after it suffered from a cruel betrayal,the word must makes him cheer up.☺



As to me,what I want to be isn't the poet,but a splendid English speaker,but I wish I could use English at will.🙋


While knocking down the person with the words,it's not just abusing it,giving it the comfort with the words,it's not just a string of flattering compliments 美辞麗句.😚


I'm sure I have to study English harder in order to be the the wonderful English speaker,without drinking,for I'm afraid I don't have enough time to drink.I have lots of things to do.😤


Oh! It's easy to say,but hard to do.😚

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>> 287 『in,on,and at which express places』Ⅹ Example 26 He picked up a gir… 『in,on,and at which express places』ⅩⅠ


Let's try to think a situation in which we can use the in so as to approach a subtle feeling of the in.😃



If we understand the in exactly,we will be able to distinguish between the in and the on easily.😁

It's being in a thing like a container when we have more feeling of being enveloped.For example,in the room,in the building,in the school,in the station,in the car.🚗



Even if it's not the thing like container,it's all right if it has a feeling of being enveloped.For instance,in the water,in the air,in a situation, in a friendly atmosphere,in the street.🔤



Even if it's not being enveloped entirely,as long as there is a wall or fence by us,we learn to have feeling of being enveloped,don't you? Oh!You say you don't.Please try to have a feeling of it.For instance,in the field,in the park,in the park,in the chair,in the bed.🙋

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>> 290 『in,on,and at which express places』


My remarks become away from typical example,but we can actually use the in as long as a feeling of being inside appears,even if there are no three-dimensional ones such as the fence and wall.😃



For example,let's suppose a thing had a border.When there is the border of an area,it means that being divided into its inside and outside,so a feeling of being inside appears with ease.😁


A phrase of in Japan means that being inside of a country which separates from others.As for the area,the book of ネイティブ・スピーカーの前置詞 calls it まとまった物。😚


I looked up the Japanese word,まとまった in a Japanese-English dictionary,so it says that the Japanese phrase is well organized.😥


Let's suppose that a war broke out in the country and the country ended up being wrecked havoc.However I'm sure we often use a phrase,in the country for the area,even if it isn't well-organized at all.😱


I'm wondering if the country is consistent as being havoc,so it means well- organized as a phrase😚

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>> 291 『in,on,and at which express places』


Let's make sure whether or not we understand the difference between the in and on as our sense.😃

Example


28 Tom sat in the grass.


29 Tom sat on the grass.


As for a phrase of in the grass,can you grasp a feeling of the phrase?The grass is so long that we barely get glimpse of Tom half hidden among the grass.🌱



Contrary to it,as to another phrase,on the grass,it has the next feeling.🙋


Tom sat on the mown lawn.The lawn was cutted neatly.😺

Example　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
30 Can you see the colored ribbons in the snow?


31 Can you see the colored ribbons on the snow?


As for on the snow,it means that there is the ribbon on the snow,and as to in the snow,a part of the ribbon is being hidden in the snow.😃



Example


32 She's lying on the bed.


33 She's lying in the bed.


As for on the bed,its image occurs to you easily,and as to in the bed,she's in a blanket,or futon and so on.😁



Please improve feelings of the in,at and on with actual English sentences.😃

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『in,on,and at which express time』


When comparing with the in,on,and at which express places,the same prepositions which express time is relatively simple.😃


I'm sure you can use the prepositions exactly so much as long as you understand the next general rules.🙋


Needless to say,the general rules are closely connected with the basic images of the prepositions.😃


When using the at,it's in a case in which we regard it as a point.


As for the on,it's in other case in which it's concerning days.


When using the in, it's in another case in which there should be certain latitude of time.😺


As to the at,I'm going to show you some examples.


① at 9，at 4:30，at noon


② at that time,at the time,at breakfast time, at night

③ At Christmas,at Easter


① expresses time.Considering that the time is a point,we can apply the general rules for the example naturally.😁

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>> 293 『in,on,and at which express time』Ⅱ


As for the ②,they aren't different from the hour such as the ①,so they may not be points actually.😃


However when native speakers use the expressions like ②,they are conscious of the hours as points.For example,they regard the phrase of at Breakfast as a point on a schedule in a day.☝


As to the ③,actual intervals of hour spread,but they are conscious of the point when adoptinp the phrase,so they use the at,for instance,as for the phrase of at Christmas,they regard the day as a point on a calendar.🎅


When we choose the prepositions,the words aren't always equal to their actualities.It's important how a speaker grasps its actuality.It's one of reason the choices of the prepositions are different from a true-false examination まるばつ式テスト.🔤


By the way,there is a TV program which I want to see,so I call it a day.📺

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>> 294 『in,on,and at which express time』Ⅲ

I've finished eating dinner,so even if I try to drink,watching the TV program,it doesn't seem that I won't be drunken so much.😚


Therefore I'm going to continue to express the prepositions.😃


As for the on,I'm going to show you some examples.🔤


① on Sunday,on the following day,on May first,on New Year's day


② on Saturday afternoon,on the following evening


③ on a summer evening


As to the ①,it's the general rule 原則 itself.In short,we use the on for a day in the ①.😃


As for the ②,a speaker is conscious of a day with words of Saturday and the following day.😚


As to the ③,the phrase seems to have nothing to do with the day at first sight,but its speaker is conscious of a thing on a day,so it uses the on for the phrase.😺


I'm going to describe example about in.


④ in the evening,in August,in summer,in 1994


As for the ④,all of them are hours of interval.😃


By the way,fortunately or not,I've sobered up 酔いが醒めた😣

• << 297 【in,on,and at which express time】Ⅳ An author of the book,ネイティブスピーカーの前置詞,says like next. 『As to the times,there aren't any complicated problems so much,but it remains unclear why we can't say at day,though we can say at night.🌠』 『Moreover,there is still a fundamental question in which the on is connected with the word of day.We authors discussed the questions frequently,but it became so complicated that you readers can't understand them easily.』😱 The author continues like next. 『We don't say at day,or we should use the on for the day.When thinking like those,they are about 2562 times easier than thinking about the fundamental questions.』😥 『In short,even an English native speaker has no idea why they are,therefore,we don't have to select the questions.』😃 By the way,I'm wondering where the number,2652 times come from.😚

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【Team play】


I work in a factory as a member of temporary staff.Some regular employees are not only capable but also self-assertive that communication between each section doesn't seem to be good.😒


Some people have suffered from being in depressed state.It doesn't always mean atmosphere of the factory ruins them,I'm wonder,but……😔


I'm sure there is no word of a team play in the factory,but to my surprise,I found a some gloves and bats in a warehouse the other day.I can not help laughing it⚾



As for a spirit of corporation with others,I'm afrdid I have little,but when working in the company,I try to have it at least.😒



If playing baseball in the company,all of the players won't concede,insisting that each of them will be a pitcher and a fourth batter,I'm sure.😏


I hope they don't use the bats for hitting the others in the heads.😨

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>> 295 『in,on,and at which express time』Ⅲ I've finished eating dinner,s… 【in,on,and at which express time】Ⅳ


An author of the book,ネイティブスピーカーの前置詞,says like next.


『As to the times,there aren't any complicated problems so much,but it remains unclear why we can't say at day,though we can say at night.🌠』


『Moreover,there is still a fundamental question in which the on is connected with the word of day.We authors discussed the questions frequently,but it became so complicated that you readers can't understand them easily.』😱


The author continues like next.


『We don't say at day,or we should use the on for the day.When thinking like those,they are about 2562 times easier than thinking about the fundamental questions.』😥


『In short,even an English native speaker has no idea why they are,therefore,we don't have to select the questions.』😃



By the way,I'm wondering where the number,2652 times come from.😚

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【Another prepositions】


The author of the book,ネイティブスピーカーの前置詞,says like next.


『Let's look at another prepositions which are comparatively simpler than the former ones which I've expressed.』


『As for the prepositions which I'm going to show you this time,I'll hold their basic image and a few matters that require attention.Many usages of the words are their basic images,or the ones which we can recognize with ease.』🙋


『When coming across a strange usage of the word,please remember those basic images.Then please try varied ways of developing the basic images of the prepositions which I've expressed.』😁


『Then you'll be surprised to understand lots of prepositions with strong likelihoods.』


『above』


As to their usages,above and over overlap. The above is more simpler than the over.It's just that it's a higher position.😃



When expressing a motion such as crossing a thing,or,another thing which is covered with something,the over is appropriate to the situations.🔤

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>> 298 『above』Ⅱ


When we tell you to put this nice warm blanket over you,your body must be covered with the blanket,above isn't proper then,for the above means that it's just being an upper part of your body.I'm afraid you'll catch a cold then😱


As for the above,it's just that it's high,so it's ok even if it isn't directly overhead.😃


Example


① We've got a lovely country cottage above the lake.


We can't construct the cottage directly overhead the lake,so then the above is appropriate to the situation.🙋



If we use the above figuratively like that,how should we adopt it? Needless to say,its basic meaning is being high.


Example


② In the army,a major ranks above a captain.


It means the major is the captain's superior.The above means being high position.🔤


Example


③ Above all,remember to bow when the President comes in.


As to its degree of importance,it's high.😚

• << 301 『above』Ⅲ It means that a variety of things such as quantities,temperatures,and ages exceed their objections.😃 Example ④ Mt.Fuji is 3.776m,above seaーlevel. ⑤ I got caught driving above the speed limit again. ⑥ At high school,Ohnishi was always above average at English. 　　　　　　　 As to the ④,the word of seaーlevel,it means that height of land which we measure from the surface of sea.🌅 As for ⑤,it means an excess of my speed.🚗 As to ⑥,it means that Ohnishi could speak English better than the average of the high school.🔤 Example ⑦ He is above suspicion. When increasing degree of abstraction,we use the above like the ④.Needless to say,an opposite of the above is below.😁 『after』 A basic image of a preposition,after,means following something.Its basic image is obvious when expressing not only time such as after dinner but also some places.🙋

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>> 299 『英語掲示板』

There was a person who was worried about English at a bulletin board 掲示板 in a ミクル yesterday,to be exact,the day before yesterday,so I tried to answer her questions.Then I happened to forget concealing my handle name.😔


Fortunately,it seemed that I didn't make an awful blunder.😚


As for English,I'm going to try to answer others' questions if I can.If increasing people who are interested in English in the ミクル,lots of people may read my thread.😃


Then my thread may be among the ones in which lots of people pay attention.What a farーseeing 遠大 plan it is! It's so longーrange that I'm on the verge of fainting.😂


If I express what I want to say in Japanese,I'm wondering if lots of people try to find fault with me,for I'm different from them so much.😒


I'm sure each of us have different idea.I find it natural,but almost all of the Japanese don't always think so.I'm just a heretic 異端者 😏


Oh! I have to go to bed,for my job starts at 7:30 in the morning.Good night,everyone!🌠

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