レッツ　エンジョイ　イングリッシュ　18th

【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《Making Africa colonized?》

The one who controls the rare metal is the one who controls the IT industry in the next generation. It’s the strategy which the government in China has adopted.

The government in China has helped the project and the companies in China have undertaken it. The companies in China have taken workers from the mainland in China and made them work there.

Eating houses and variety stores have stood in a row around the lodging for the workers from China. The workers have a meal or shop in the store managed by the Chinese.

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《Making China colonized?》

In short, the money has never been spent in the local area with the project by China, so Sudan is just like a colony in the present day, and it has caused a criticism that China is a colonialist nowadays.

The author said he was called out from the local people, Nihao, instead of hello nor the phrase for greeting in the native language used by the local people, realizing how big the sense of existence of China was there.

《Though starting a plan of eliminating the greenhouse gas…》

The economy of China continued to…

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《Though starting plan of getting rid of the greenhouse gas…》

The economy of China continued to develop, on the other hand, in a variety of problems have been caused, and one of them is the destruction of environment.

The third of China has been eaten away with the acid rain and the quarter of the population drink the water which doesn’t reach the safety level, and the atmospheric pollution in the city has been serious, and the polluted air flows to Japan as well, especially in the region of
Kyushu, the photochemical smog is often caused.

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《Though starting getting rid of the greenhouse gas…》

The sports day in elementary school is forced to call off then.

The damage of withering pine has spread out in the coast of the Japan Sea on account of the acid rain and snow.

The sand is blown up from desert at inland in China, and nothing blocks it because the forest disappears, so the large amount of sand has learned to come flying to the Korean Peninsula and Japan Island, so the damage by the yellow sand has increased.

The yellow sand often prevents an airplane from taking off or…

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《Though starting getting rid of the greenhouse gas…》

The yellow sand often prevents an airplane from arriving and taking off in the South Korea, especially an environmental problem which has been paid attention from the world is discharging carbon dioxide.

The amount of discharging carbon dioxide has surpassed America and China has been the top in the world at last, so each nation of developed countries worked the government in China actively to stop discharging the carbon dioxide, but the government in China ignores it.

Kyoto protocol has….

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《Though starting getting rid of the greenhouse gas…》

The Kyoto protocol has determined to reduce the greenhouse gas like the carbon dioxide, but it’s forced to reduce to developed countries alone, so China doesn’t have the duty of reducing the greenhouse gas.

The conference of preventing the global warming from stopping was done at Copenhagen in Denmark in 2009, what is called COP15, and the government in China has started a plan of reducing the greenhouse gas by 40%.

When looking at the number alone, it looks very ambitious, but it’s…

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《Though starting getting rid of the greenhouse gas…》

…but it’s just the GDP’s comparison. It means reducing the amount of the greenhouse gas to the GDP by 40%. The GDP is an abbreviation of Gross Domestic Product.

The economic growth rate of China was over 8%, so it could have reached to double from the 8% in 2020, so the greenhouse gas will also be double, but reduce by 40% then, so it means restraining within 1.6 times from the numeral number at present.

In short, China won’t reduce the greenhouse gas, far from it,It will increase, and…

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

…and other nations permit China increases to exhaust the greenhouse gas.

《The rebellion by ethnic minority repeats》

The riot broke out in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region or in Tibet in 2008 before the Beijing Olympic.

No less than fifty six races have lived in China, and as to five races like Uighur, Tibet and Inner Mongolia, an autonomous region has been founded. Having respect for the self-government each nation formally, but it means that those nations have been shut up to those area in other phrase.

Priests who couldn’t bear…

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《The rebellion by ethnic minority is repeated》

The top which is the chief on the autonomous region has been occupied with the people from each race, but the other positions under it have been done by the Han People, so there has been the criticism that the top is just for show.

Priests who couldn’t bear the suppression everyday started the protest demonstration, and the military security force clamped them down, so residents who were angry with it caused the riot and stored managed by the Han people were attacked.

It shows the…

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《The rebellion by ethnic minority repeats》

It shows the satisfaction which the Tibetan people has been piled up as if it were the magma in the volcano.

As the riot broke out before the opening of Beijing Olympic, some people said China should boycott the Olympic, so the Chief of State Hu Jintao 胡錦濤 promised to start the discussion on the problem in Tibet and the government in exile by Dalia Lama, but it’s just a formality, so it went up in smoke.

The word of Xinjiang in other nation which is the other autonomous region, it means a new…

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《The rebellion by ethnic minority repeats》

…it means a new territory in Chinese, for the area was gained at the time of 清 as a new territory, so the place has the name like that.

The people who have lived there originally are the race of the Uighur. The word of Uighur means a union, solidarity, alignment and so on, I’m not sure of which word is adequate, for it seems that my thought is on the side of the people of the Uighur, so I’m afraid my expression is something emotional.

It is the race of Turkish descent, so lots of them are Muslim.

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《The rebellion by ethnic minority repeats》

The Arabian language has been used in the letters of the Uighur people.

The Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous region is at the west end of China from Japan, but it’s the east end of China from Turkey, so it has been called the East Turkistan as well. It means the east nation where the Turkish people live, but the government in China has never permitted the way of calling it.

At the time of the Republic of China, two nations of Turkish ancestry used to be formed once for the time being, though it vanished…

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《The rebellion by ethnic minority repeats》

…but it disappeared in a brief period, but there have been the people who have wanted to be independent from China and to rebuild the nation controlled by the Turkish alone among the Uighur people.

Moreover the west of the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region used to belong to the Soviet Union, but after it collapsed, original Islam nation formed one after another like Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tadzhikistan, and it’s stimulated the sense of independence on the people of the Uighur people.

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《Rebellion by ethnic minority repeats》

The region has plentiful petroleum and natural gas, so the government in China has made a strong effort to the development there, but it seems that the different race like the Han people took away the resource the God of Allah gave them from the Uighur people.

When the People’s Republic of China was formed in 1949, the ration on the Han people was just no more than 6.7% in the area of the Xinjiang, but it reached no less than 40% in 1970, so the control by the Han people has advanced steadily, so the…

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

…accordingly the rebellion by the ethnic minority has intensified, and it’s made Chins become something unstable.

《China where the democratic movement is suppressed》

The suppression on the democratic movement by the government in China continued, and there has been done at all cost on the what is called 08 憲章.

What is the 08 憲章? It’s a democratic manifest announced in the internet in 2008, a signature campaign calling out to stop the single party dictatorship in China.

As the authority in China saw its supporters spread out rapidly and…

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《China where the democratic movement has been suppressed》

…and arrested its initiator who was the instructor at university in Beijing, Liu Yano 劉尭波, and he was prosecuted by the crime of instigate to overthrow the nation and was convicted of crime, being eleven years in prison.

He used to be arrested at the event of Tiananmen in 1989 and after being released, he put in the effort to the relief activity on the people who were arrested at the event of Tiananmen and after that he was often arrested or cast in prison.

As to the content on the…

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《China where the democratic movement has been suppressed》

As to the content on the 08 憲章, it insisted that reforming the text on the constitution which doesn’t agree with the principle that that sovereignty resides in the people, guaranteeing the freedom of speech and assembly, and should move the military force from the one belongs to the Communist Party to the nation.

It’s just that asking for the common knowledge in the democracy, but it was a threat for the Communist Party in China.

The name of China is the People’s Republic of China…

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【Light and shadow on China】

…but is the nation who prohibits the common knowledge on the democracy like the content on the 08 憲章 able to be qualified as the republic?

The content on the 08 憲章 has spread out into China through the internet, and it will threaten the government of the Communist Party occasionally.

《Leader to the fifth generation》

Then the vice chairman Xi Jinping 習近平 visited Japan in 2009, and the Hatoyama government set up the interview between the vice chairman from China and the emperor in Japan, responding to the request from China.

The interview with the emperor has….

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《The leader to the fifth generation》

The interview with the emperor has to be applied for at least before a month, considering the health on the emperor, it’s what is called the rule for a month in the Imperial Household Agency, but it was an exceptional emergency interview, ignoring the rule, for the government in Japan treated him like the Chief of the State because he was a likely successor after Hu Jintao 胡錦濤.

The general secretary on the Communist Party assumes to the Chief of the State which is the top of China, and Hu Jintao was…

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《The leader to the fifth generation》

…and Hu Jintao wasn’t only the Chief of State but the general secretary on the Communist Party.

The Chief of State is permitted to be engaged in for two terms in a row in the constitution of China…

The expression whether or not Xi Jinping will be the top of China continues, but he is the top in China at present, so I’m going to omit them.

As Hu Jintao belonged to the fourth generation, and Xi Jinping is after him, so he belongs to the fifth generation.

Who are the ones belonged to the other generation?

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《The leader to the fifth generation》

The author said he expressed the other generation in the chapter, from Jiang Zemin 江沢民to Hu Jintao, so I could have expressed, but I don’t remember, so if you are interested in it or want to know it, please research it for yourself, I’m sorry for it.

It doesn’t always mean the change on the leadership is determined with the election by the people in China, it’s done behind closed doors in the Communist Party.

As the government in China isn’t elected by the people , so it has to continue to give the…

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《The leader to the fifth generation》

…so it has to go on giving the people to the economic growth with which they are pleased so as to oppress their dissatisfaction. There is the large amount of population and high unemployment rate on the young people in China, so China must maintain the 8% of the economic growth each year.

Is it possible for the leader in the next generation? Does China change to permit the democracy somewhere in the future?

It’s said the 21st century is the time of China, so the future on China isn’t someone else’s problem

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【An afterward】

In short, a revolution is a riot, Mao Zedong said in his quotation. It’s a violent action in which one class defeats other one.

The history on the new China was filled with the riot as his quotation showed, the riot continues each place of China at present.

At the time of the Cultural Revolution, the red guard used to brandish a little book in its hand.

Mao said the violent phrase that the revolution is the riot, but his sentence in the quotation was based on the analects of Confucius 孔子, so it shows he was a man of high learning. He was well known as quite a bookworm.

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【An afterward】

He was excellent in the ability of expressing himself in Chinese, though being an outstanding intellectual, he himself hated other intellectuals and didn’t trust them at all, and it led to the expulsion on the intellectuals in the Cultural Revolution.

Mao expelled the intellectuals and gave some guidance which wasn’t based on scientific knowledge concerning agriculture and industry to the people, and it caused the large amount of confusion and lots of victims in China.

They are worried about the increase on the population, farmers have suffered so much and the destruction…

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【An afterward】

…and the destruction of nature worsens. They are a negative heritage from Mao Zedong.

Though he was on fire with an ideal, he did as he pleased, so the people have to clean up the mess which was done by Mao in China, but as the present China has been based on the thought on Mao Zedong, so the Communist Party in China doesn’t permit the facts, so fabricating or taking no notice of the history continues even lately.

China has insisted that we theJapanese should confront directly our history, but it is able to be applied for the people in China. They should start from asking …

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【An afterward】

They should ask the phase to themselves, facing head-on their history.

According to the Marxism which is a pillar of support for the Chinese, the society is made up with the lower structure of the economy and the upper structure of the culture.

If the lower structure which is the economy develops, the upper structure becomes an obstacle for the development, and the upper structure will be destroyed. It’s a revolution.

The Communist Party in China has built a strange structure under the name of the economy in the market of Socialism. Its lower structure is the capitalism…

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【An afterward】

…and its upper one is the socialism, and it’s led to explosive development in their economy. Various contradictions and social problems have been caused in line with the development in the economy, for the upper structure of the socialism has been the obstacle for the lower structure of the development in the economy.

As the prophecy from Marx shows, the day when the upper structure of the socialism will be destroyed by the revolution will come true in the future. It’s extremely cynical.

Oh! At last, そうだったのか！中国 was over. It’s taken much more time than I expected. Oh dear.

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【Preface】

I‘m going to express the book of which title is 池上彰の世界情勢2024 from now on.

2024 is the year of election, for the election in which the people elect their leader will be done each place in the world. The result on the election may have changed the situation in the world.

Presidential election was done in Taiwan January in this year, the President is the top in Taiwan. The Democratic Progressive Party was in charge of the President in Taiwan until then.

The Democratic Progressive Party is the political party which tries to keep distance from China.

On the other hand, the National…

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【Preface】

…the National Party of the opposing party is the one which tries to get along with China. Moreover the one from the Taiwan People’s Party ran for the election.

China has thought it wants to take Taiwan into China, so expected the National Party which thought of wanting to get along with China would be elected, pretending to be the people in Taiwan and transmitting a criticism on the Democratic and Progressive Party with the SNS. What kind of judge would do the people in Taiwan?

The Presidential election was done in Russia as well March. Its national land is so big that the …

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【Preface】

…that the Presidential election was done for three days in a row. Everyone presumed Putin would be reelected even before the election, for Mr. Aleksei Navalny who is the biggest rival for Putin had been arrested and in the middle of the trial, he couldn’t run for the election.

But the President Putin wanted to try to adopt the situation of winning in the election, so it was expected to make someone who had no chance of being elected run for the election.

As Putin decided to carry out the military invasion into Ukraine, so some people may think he wasn’t popular in Russia, but…

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【Preface】

…but as he made up the image of being powerful leader, it seems he will win the election easily.

The fifth day November is the election on the President in America. Joe Biden who belongs to the Democratic Party and the incumbent one is aimed to be reelected and Trump who was the previous one runs for the Presidential election.

As two of them are an advanced age and there has been the concerned voice over it, but there has never been other young front running candidate.

Trump who is the previous one says if he is reelected, he will make the war in Ukraine come to and end in…

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【Preface】

…he will make the war in Ukraine come to an end no more than in one day, for he will stop supporting for Ukraine, for he’s thought the tax from the nation in America should use for America alone and leave the war in Europe to the nations in Europe, so Ukraine won’t continue to fight any more then.

Moreover America will withdraw from the Paris Agreement which is the international promise so as to stop the global warming, for he’s insisted that the global warming was a lie, so it’s all right if we continue to burn the petroleum more and more.

Who becomes the President in America?

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【Preface】

It will make the situation in the world change so much.

LDP presidential election will be done September in Japan in this year. LDP is an abbreviation of the Liberal Democratic Party. Mr. Kishida is the incumbent Prime Minister at present. Will he be able to get over the presidential election?

Pari Olympic will be held in France from the 28th day July to 11th day August, and the Paralympic from the 28th day August to the 8th day September.

It seems to be the convention which will be considered on the environment, so what kind of the one will be? We should pay attention to it.

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【What will happen in the Presidential election in America?】

《Is the showdown between Biden and Trump in the Presidential election in America in 2024?》

The Presidential election is done once for four years, at the beginning of November in the year when the summer Olympic and Paralympic is held, and 2024 is the year of the Presidential election, and the one which is the top on the nation having influence over greatly all over the world and we are all eyes over the Presidential election.

A candidate runs for the Presidential election from various political parties, but at the politics in…

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【What will happen in the Presidential election in America?】

《Is the showdown between Biden and Trump again…?》

…but at the politics in America, two of the political party like the Democratic one and the Republic one have been powerful than any other political parties, so it will be the one on one battle by two of candidates from the two of the political parties actually.

Biden has been appointed from the Democratic Party as the candidate and Trump from the Republican Party. Lots of candidate ran from the political parties and the battle over the Presidential election, but when thinking of…

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【What will happen in the Presidential election in America?】

《Is the showdown between Biden and Trump again….?》

…but when thinking of the one who they should put up as the candidate, there is no the sense of existence , except for the two of them, and both of actual Biden and Trump had announced for the President and are pumped up, but according to the investigation by Harvard university, more than 70% on the public opinion of America doesn’t hope the showdown between two of them.

As to the reelection on Mr. Biden, having feared on his physical decline because he is the most advanced aged…

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【What will happen in the Presidential election in America?】

《Is the showdown between Biden and Trump again…?》

…because he is the most advanced aged President in the successive generation. He has been criticized he was too old because he often saying wrong, out of order remark, or falling down after making a speech

If he will be reelected, he will be at the age of 86 in the second term. Can do the advanced aged one pilot the course on the major like America adequately? It is natural for the nation in America to be worried about, but Mr. Trump is younger him by only four years, so both of …

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【What will happen in the Presidential election in America?】

《Is the showdown between Biden and Trump again…?》

…so some people say both of them are such the ripe old age that neither of them are adequate to the President.

As to the policy by the government of Biden, there has been the criticism that the large scale of the economic measure under the coronavirus pandemic after 2020 reduced the income on the nation actually, but the whole economy in America has gone strong due to the low unemployment rate and the large rise on the wage.

Mr. Trump used to adopt the strong measure against the….

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【What will happen in the Presidential election in America?】

《Is there the showdown between Biden and Trump again?》

Mr. Trump used to adopt the strong measure against illegal immigration like the building the wall on the border between America and Mexico, but Mr. Biden has made it something tolerant, but it causes to increase the illegal immigration sharply and forced to change the policy and it’s caused the criticism.

On the other hand, Mr. Trump was defeated in the Presidential election of 2020, but there have been ardent supporter for him even at present. The based supporter on the…

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【What will happen in the Presidential election in America?】

《Is thee showdown between Biden and Trump again…?》

The base supporters on the Republican Party used to be the wealthy people alone like large companies, military personnels, right wings in the Christianity, white people in the conservatives in the past, but after Mr. Trump became the President, it is consider to be the working class in low income increases.

Mr. Trump put up the policy that America is the most important, and other nation isn’t worth worry. It’s extreme and violent, but his speech is easy to understand, so the …

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【What will happen in the Presidential election in America?】

《Is there the showdown between Biden and Trump again…?》

…so the class of the white low income who used to be indifferent to the election until then went bananas.

Mr. Trump is good at changing the dissatisfaction on the workers of low income against established power into the support for him, repeating to the violent post in SNS and invoked the anger inside the people, so not only the society in America but the all over the world were played with him.

At the period when Mr. Trump was in the President in America, America withdrew….

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【What will happen at the Presidential election in America?】

《Is there the showdown between Biden and Trump again…?》

…America withdrew from important promises among the society in the international one after another according to the America first put up by him, and the whole world was confused. There was the criticism even in America it was the conduct losing the confidence among the society in the international, as a result, Mr. Trump was defeated by Mr. Biden at the Presidential election in 2020.

But the approval rate both of Biden and Trump is neck and neck according to the public opinion

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【What will happen in the Presidential election in America?】

….so it’s the truth that Mr. Trump has been still popular among the society in America.

《Mr. Trump has been brought into the criminal prosecution with ninety one. What’s the influence over the Presidential election?》

Mr. Trump was prosecuted with ninety one criminals in four events from the American judicial authority and his trial is planed as of December in 2023 when the author wrote this book.

The one who has lots of suspicion was the first place on the nomination fight from the Republican Party. It’s unprecedented in the …

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【What will happen in the Presidential election in America?】

《Mr. Trump has been brought into…》

It’s unprecedented at the history in the constitutional government of America. If his guilty proved in the trial, it is possible he will be in imprisonment, so the result on the trial seems to be the big point in the Presidential election.

But the committee of the political activity supported Mr. Trump has criticized it’s the political investigation and Mr. Trump insisted that being innocent and it’s the witch hunt by the extreme left on his own indication./

Two of induction was done. The one…

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【What will happen in the Presidential election in America?】

《Mr. Trump has been brought into…》

The one is the suspicion on dealing with the confidential document inadequately, and the other is trying to overturn the Presidential election in 2020, and the one who indicted was Jack Smith who was the special prosecutor appointed by the Biden government.

And as to the two of the suspicion, paying the hush money to the adulterous partner and blanketing the affair, and trying to overturn on the result on the election on the Georgia State, the district prosecutor who ran from the Democratic…

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【What will happen in the Presidential election in 2024?】

《Mr. Trump has been brought into…》

…the district prosecutor who ran from the Democratic Party was in command of two of investigation. As to the indication of his own which has been done in 2023 one after another, Mr. Trump said they were the conspiracy by Biden.

Why is the color of the political party to the prosecutor? It’s usually impossible in Japan.

At the way of thinking that the trial must be advanced democratically in the judicial system of America, qualified voters elected the prosecutors in the election, and Juries who…

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【What will happen in the Presidential election in America?】

《Mr. Trump has been brought into…》

…and juries who were chosen from residents in lottery judge whether or not the crime is guilty.

For example, it’s the prosecutor at Manhattan in New York who did the procedure on Mr. Trump March, but the organization of the Great Court of Cassation made up with qualified voters chosen from ordinary residents with the lottery decided it should prosecute Mr. Trump.

The prosecutor decides whether or not it prosecutes a suspect in Japan. After passing a legal examination of the national exam, the…

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【What will happen in the Presidential election in America?】

《Mr. Trump has been brought…》

…the prosecutor receives a training to some extent and joins in the Public Prosecutor Officer in Japan. As to an event, the prosecutor can investigate and prosecute originally being separated from the police.

On the other hand, the prosecutor in America isn’t the one who can pass the national exam but the one who can pass the legal examination each state, after that runs for the election choosing the prosecutor and the ones who were elected.

In short, the prosecutor in America is different from the…

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【What will happen in the Presidential election in America?】

《Mr. Trump has been brought into…》

…the prosecutor in America is different from Japan and is the one who was elected in the election. It’t the qualified voters who decide whether or not they decide to prosecute.

The one who has an important authority of prosecuting a person should be chosen from the qualified voters, it’s the way of thinking in America.

The prosecutor prosecutes originally in Japan, but America has two ways. The one is a magistrate judges whether or not it should be beforehand and the other is the Great Court…

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【What will happen in the Presidential election in America?】

《Mr. Trump has been brought into…》

…and the other is the jury judges.

The first indication on Mr. Trump was done by juries who were the representatives from the qualified voters. As to the juries in America are two kinds. The one who decided the prosecution and the others who issue the decision in the trial. Both of them are chosen with the lottery from the voter roll or from the list on drivers’ license.

The number of jury who decides the indication is different according to the state, it’s from 16 to 23, and the number of them…

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