レッツ　エンジョイ　イングリッシュ　18th

【Where is China going?】

《But the speech has been controlled》

China has already never been the nation of capitalism, but the Communist Party has held the reins of power, and controlling speech continues so as to maintain the power, and the author said he understood what it’s all about then all about that he had experienced it firsthand each place summer in China in 2007.

There has been a modern hotel everywhere built at a great city in China and a high speed internet is arranged each room of the hotel. There is the surrounding where they can access every time as it likes.

But being able…

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【Where is China going?】

《But the speech has been controlled》

…but being unable to access the word of the event in Tiananmen, for the authority has shut up the connection. When advancing into China, both of Google and Yahoo have joined force with the authority in China and permitted its censorship.

There are dozens of thousand the policemen in the internet in China, and they always search on the internet, and as to the site where there was an inconvenient content for the Communist Party in China, prevents others from connecting.

A private blog isn’t exception. If the sentence of an anti…

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【Where is China going?】

《But the speech has been controlled》

If there is an anti government expression in the blog, the blog itself would disappear. China has continued to censor the internet with the human wave tactics.

The content on the censorship changes according to the policy of the government every time. At the time of the Koizumi government, then the Koizumi Prime Minister visited the Yasukuni shrine, the net was filled with the insistence of anti Japan in China then.

But in the Abe government and the relation between Japan and China was improved, an extreme insistence of anti….

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【Where is China going?】

…an extreme expression on anti Japan would be eliminated.

《Religion is also oppressed》

The author searched the phrase of 法輪功 at the hotel in China, it’s the name of a religious group, but then the websites criticizing the religious group alone appeared on the internet.

Adopting of taking exercise like breathing control so as to promote good health in the religious group, it resembles yoga. Its leader made the religious group take into action from 1992. He fled to America but enjoyed a broad support in China.

But as there was an article criticizing the 法輪功 in a…

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【Where is China going?】

《Religion is also oppressed》

…as there was an article criticizing the religious group in a magazine, its believers started a protest rally at the city of Tianjin 天津 and forty three people were arrested.

Some ten thousand of believers who got angry with it gathered in Beijing and surround Zhongnanhai 中南海 where executives of the government or of the party lived and sat down there.

The government which was terrified at it has started a policy of oppressing thoroughly, regarding the religious group as bad religion and the large amount of believers have been arrested.

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【Where is China going?】

Neither they took action of anti government nor did destructive activity, it’s just that they were the believers of the 法輪功, so they were arrested.

《氷点週間 was suspended publication》

A commotion shaking the press in China broke out in 2006. There is a party paper of the young group in communism which was a lower organization of the Communist Party, and there is the appendix to the paper organ on every Wednesday was forced to suspend publication.

The beginning on the event was a thesis which the weekly magazine published like the next.

The government in China has….

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【Where is China going?】

《氷点週刊 was forced to suspend publication》

The government in China has protested against Japan because the textbook in Japan distorted the history, but we can never say the textbook on history in China adopts the history exactly. It was written by a professor of university and was published in the appendix.

The young group of communism disposed of suspending the magazine, and the Communist Party decided the measure of prohibiting the report it was suspended of publication

Pointing out and insisting that the content on the textbook was in the wrong became the problem.

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【Where is Ching going?】

《氷点週間 was forced to suspend publication》

Disputing the history which was recognized officially by the Communist Party was forbidden, but the fact was informed to the lots of people all at once by mailing one after another, and the media overseas learned to report it.

Its reaction was so big that the Communist Party was surprised at it, and permitted the magazine to revive th soon, but the subjectivity who edited the thesis and the associate one who protested against the disposal of suspending publication were relieved of their posts.

Moreover the thesis refuting …

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【Where is China going?】

《氷点週間 was forced to suspend publication》

Moreover the thesis refuting the one written by professor was publicized in the first one which revived.

As to the detailed account of the event, the subjectivity editor expressed like the next.

Preventing the mass from being known or even if being known to them, making them forget as soon as possible, it’s the mission on the government office which manages the consciousness on the Communist Party.

The brainwashing is so effective that the class of students in university of which cultural level is high and the way of …

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【Where is China going?】

《氷点週間 was forced to suspend publication 》

…and the way of getting information is developed higher than any other groups don’t know who the group of four were, who Hu Yaobang 胡耀邦 or Zhao Ziyang 趙紫陽 were, and what the event in Tiananmen of 6.4 was, lots of people don’t know them at all.

But without being arrested, the subjectivity could published the detailed account overseas, so we should say the regulation on the speech becomes loose in China, should we?

《The nation can’t elect its representative》

Thus there is no liberty of freedom because the Communist Party…

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【Where is China going?】

《The nation can’t elect its representative》

…because the Communist Party tries to maintain the system which it controls, and it’s the same on elections, for the nation can’t elect its representative in a free election.

The National People’s Congress in the whole China which is the highest decision making body is equivalent to the National Assembly in Japan. We are forced to say like that, but the real situation is greatly different from Japan.

The representatives in the National People’s Congress in the whole China are elected from the representatives in the one…

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【Where is China going?】

《The nation can’t elect its representatives》

The representatives in the National People’s Congress of the whole China are elected from the representative in the one of province, and the ones on the National People’s Congress in the province are elected from the ones of prefecture or city, so indirect elections are piled so much the will of the nation can’t reach.

On the other hand, the representatives in the prefecture or city is direct election by residents, but it doesn’t always mean everyone can run as candidate. An election committee organized by the Communist…

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【Where is China going?】

《The nation can’t elect the representative from the nation at will》

An election committee organized by the Communist Party points out the candidates.

As a result, it’s just that the qualified voters do confidence vote to the candidate in lots of cases.

But a person except for the one who was pointed out by the election committee can stand as candidate, though it’s limited.

The name of the candidate who was pointed out by the election committee was printed out on the ballot paper beforehand, but the candidate who ran for with its free will has to get voters to…

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【Where is China going?】

《The nation can’t elect its representatives》

…but the candidate who ran with its own free will has to get voters to write down its name on the ballot paper, and various harassment was forced to receive, it’s the real situation.

The police which became the one with the authority was n the center of the harassment, so appealing to the police on the election obstruction, it’s of no use.

The nation can’t call a problem on the society publicly nor express its own intention in the political place.

So the dissatisfaction on the nation has never been cancelled, and the…

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【Where is China going?】

…the dissatisfaction which the nation felt piles as if it had been the magma under the ground and was about to explode.

《Hu Jintao 胡錦濤 puts up a harmonious society, but…》

Hu Jintao who was the chief of the state puts up a harmonious society. China is an unequal society than any other nation in the world. The expansion on the gap collapses the balance on the society.

Increasing the crime in the city, the riot becomes intensified in the local area, each of them has reflected on the unequal society in China.

The member of the beginning of the Communist Party…

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【Where is China going?】

《Hu Jintao 胡錦濤 put up a harmonious society, but…》

The member of the beginning in the Communist Party led by Mao Zedong were angry with the expansion on the corruption and the gap in the society caused by the National Party, so formed the Communist Party in China then, surviving the great many of the suppression and being supported by labor and peasants and the new China has been established.

Though in the beginning of the establishing nation, we could see the advance to the equal society then, but the policy of the Great Forward by Mao Zedong brought the equal …

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【Where is China going?】

《Hu Jintao put up a harmonious society, but…》

…but the policy of the Great Forward by Mao Zedong brought the equal society in which all of them became poor equally.

When the Great Forward was criticized and the power of Mao Zedong fell, he triggered the Cultural Revolution and caused the equal society in which the nation was confused equally.

On the other hand, Deng Xiaoping started the trickle down and began the policy of being rich from the one who was able to be, as a result the ones who become wealthy have appeared.

At the same time, a great number of people…

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【Where is China going?】

《Hu Jintao put up a harmonious society, but…》

…a great number of people who were unable to be rich even if they did their best so much were caused.

The government led by Hu Jintao and Wen Jiabao 温家宝 carried on the adverse legacy on their back, but admitting the adverse legacy means going against the history of official approval by the Communist Party, so the Communist Party in China has never tried to admit its mistake.

But without admitting the mistake in the past, no one can make up the right prescription of solving the problem.

Looking at the adverse history by…

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【Where is China going?】

Looking at the adverse history caused by the Communist Party squarely and establishing the system which the thought from the nation reflections on. Otherwise a true harmonious society will have never been caused forever.

【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《Its GDP was second rank in the world》

The development on China has never stopped. It was July in 2007 when this book was published as softcover, expressing the modern history on China starting the development, the author said like that and continued like the next.

After that the economic growth in …

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《It’s GDP was second rank in the world》

…the economic growth continued in China and its GDP has overtaken Japan and is the second rank in the World after America.

Needless to say, the population on China is ten times as much as Japan, so the GDP a nation in China is no more than about a tenth to Japan, but its sense of existence as the nation is overwhelming.

Without China, we can’t speak the economy in the world, and when advancing the measure on the global warming, developed countries have been annoyed by making China join force.

As the…

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《Its GDP is the second rank in the world》

As the Beijing Olympic was held in 2008 and both of the government and the nation in China gained confidence, and the World Expo was done in Shanghai in 2010. The author said he thought as if he had seen Japan in the past.

Tokyo Olympic was organized in Japan in 1964, which was the start of the high economic growth in Japan, and showing Japan was an economic super power at the Expo in Osaka in 1970.

How much did it have the significance on the Expo in Osaka for the Japanese then?

The number of…

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《Its GDP was second rank in the world》

The number of attendance for a half year when being held was over sixty four million then. It means more than half of the Japanese went there.

There are lots of people whose first name include 博 being born in 1970 has shown how we the Japanese thought then.

The time from the Tokyo Olympic to the Osaka Expo was six years. On the other hand, from the Beijing Olympic to the Shanghai Expo was no more than two years. The interval was short comparing with Japan, it symbolized the rapid development on China

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《The trickle down by Deng Xiaoping was successful》

China which changed the direction to reform and openness by Deng Xiaoping in 1978 has became a great power in the world in the 21st century. The course on the reform and openness by Deng Xiaoping is well known as trickle down.

Changing the misapplied equality until then and admitted the local one which could become rich in advance. The wealthy local area paid tax as to the amount of their enough income, and the government invested the fund in the local area of which economy remains sluggishly.

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《The trickle down by Deng Xiaoping was successful》

Its policy was being rich as the whole and went well very much.

The economic growth rate in average was no less than 9,8% for thirty years from 1979 to 2008. It was no more than 2,8% in Japan at the same time, so we can understand how much China has grown up.

The GDP becomes sixteen time in those thirty years, and the GDP a nation twelve times.

As the population has increased so much that the GDP the nation didn’t grow so much as the whole one.

The coastal region accomplished the rapid…

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【light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《The trickle down by Deng Xiaoping was successful》

The coastal region could accomplish the rapid economic growth, comparing with it, the development in inland area lagged behind, and it worsened the gap between the rich and poor in China.

Lots of people worked away from their home to the cities as migrant worker from farm lands where its economy started slowly, but their family registers belonged to the farm land, they couldn’t resident in the city permanently because their family registers didn’t belong to the city.

But a trial of …

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

But starting the trial of abolishing the difference on the family register between the city and farm village and the unification on the family register. Though limited, China has learned to admit the freedom of residence.

It has been paid attention whether or not it is accepted in a big city.

《From the factory in the world to the market in the world》

As China has joined in WTO, it opened the door of trade widely to the world. As a result, China has changed from the factory in the world to the market in the world.

China undertook the…

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《From the market in the world to the factory in the world》

China undertook the production as the factory in the world, using the weapon of low labor cost, but its buying power has raised in the mid continent with the development on the economy of the nation in China, so has learned to import the product all over the world.

It’s the market in the world where a billion and three hundred million of consumers exist, and it’s attractive for the people who are engaged in economic activity in the world.

If referring to the problem on the…

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《From the factory in the world to the market in the world》

If referring to the problem on the population which China has held, it would incur the displeasure of the national government, the nation which thinks like that has increased among each nation in Europe and America, so they learn to abstain from criticizing China.

It’s led to China has confidence, no, it’s overconfidence rather than the confidence, or we should express it’s being bloated. Their behaviors as if they had owned the place caused a confusion each place in the world over...

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《From the factory in the world to the market in the world》

Their behavior as if they had owned the place caused confusions each place in the world over the Beijing Olympic torchbearer, for the group which denounced the oppression by the government of China in Tibet tried to obstruct the torchbearer each place, so the Chineses who lived there came in flocks in the courses on the torchbearer and a skirmish was repeated.

A crime of violence against the South Koreans by the Chineses was caused in the South Korean. Furthermore, suddenly military…

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

Moreover suddenly arms spending increase which was supported by the strength from their economic power causes suspicions over the nations around China.

《To the time of two tops America and China》

The phrase of G2 has learn to be used by the rise of China recently.

The summit of gathering leaders from each nation every year is called G8, group of 8, the meeting of gathering leaders from main eight nations.

After the Lehman collapse in 2008, they thought they couldn’t deal with the collapse by the no more than eight nation, so twenty leaders…

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《To the time of two tops America and China》

…so twenty leaders gathered in the international meeting on the monetary measure, and it was called 20 G.

On the other hand, G2 is the idea of deciding main things over the world by America and China alone.

America has made China tried to have responsible attitude over the measure international trade, finance and global warming, so learned to use the phrase of G 2, but China hates to accept liability over those things.

But the concept of G2 will be adopted like real one soon, and it’s the…

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《To the time of two tops by America and China》

…and it’s the strategic and economic measure by America and China which symbolizes the phrase of G2. It started at the time of the Bush government in 2006, but the discussion between America and China was done at the Obama government as well.

Without Japan, two big countries have decided serious things between the Pacific Ocean. The thing like a nightmare for Japan has advanced at the present time.

The President Obama visited Japan in 2009 and made a speech to Japanese tourists in Tokyo then.

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《To the time of two tops America and China》

The content on the speech was emphasizing the relation between America and China was important, appealing to China in Japan, but it doesn’t always mean that the relation between America and China develops smoothly, for the friction over the trade between two of them intensified.

America is the greatest nation for China to import. As the large amount of Chinese goods in low price have flowed into China, America has learned to get nervous.

America regarded Chinese goods as dumping. What is it?

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《The time of two tops, America and China》

Dumping is selling goods so unfairly as to obstruct fair competition on the economic activity. So the movement on imposing high customs to the Chinese goods was strengthened by America, China added the customs on the American goods. The friction on trade between America and China and it was as if we had looked the one between Japan and America in the past.

《The opinion of raising 人民元 strengthens》

As the friction between America and China has strengthened, the opinion of raising the 人民元 has emerged.

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《The opinion of raising Chinese currency strengthens》

It’s a criticism of remaining the Chinese currency low on purpose by the government in China and asking to increase the trade for China.

As receiving the criticism, the Prime Minister Wen Jiabao 温家宝 announced changing from the fixed system to the floating one on the Chinese currency in 2005.

It changes the exchanging rate on the Chinese currency slightly under the strict control by the Central Bank in China.

1 dollar was 8.28 in CNY until then, and it was dropped to 8.11 in CNY a dollar.

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《The opinion or raising currency strengthens》

It admitted the change within 3%, comparing it with the previous day.

After that, the Chinese currency went up slowly and 1 dollar was 6.83 CNY at the end of 2009. It was raised by some 18%, if comparing it with the exchange rate in 2005, but the Chinese currency was hardly raised in 2009, so America issued strong demand, raising it more.

But the authority in China repeated a counterargument that it is determined by China for itself.

Developed nations have maintained the complete floated rate…

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《The opinion on raising Chinese currency strengthens》

Developed countries have maintained the perfect floated system on the currency in the world, but China hasn’t moved to it, it shows the government in China is aware of not accomplished the real ability like that, but it’s impossible to manage the exchange rate for itself forever.

When the government in China moves to the exchange rate to the perfect floated one, it means China joins in the developed countries from the developing ones

《The globalization on the Chinese currency has advanced》

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《The globalization on Chinese currency has advanced》

The currency used in the settlement on the trade is dollar which is the money used all over the world, but if it’s used by the currency of its own nation, being able to decrease the risk of changing the exchanging rate.

The trial of using CNY as the money in the world has started. CNY has been come into general usage in Hong Kong or Macao which are returned to China, and the movement of expanding it in the area of Asia has spread out.

The settlement on trade was done by CNY was decided…

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《The globalization on Chinese currency has advanced》

The settlement on trial was done by CNY between the part of southern area in China and ASEAN in 2008. In addition China has concluded agreement of being able to settle the account with the CNY between eight countries like Russia, Mongol, Vietnam and Myanmar.

But without existing the agreement like that, the CNY has learned to be used widely along the area of the border in China. The CNY has started to float slightly from around China, and learned to be used as the money in Asia.

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《Possession on the number of the U.S. government bond is No.1 in the world》

The total amount of the foreign exchange reserves in China has surpassed Japan in 2008, and becomes the nation which has owned it than any other ones. It’s the No.1. After that it continues to increase, and reached to two billion thirteen three billion dollar.

By the way, what is the total amount of the foreign exchange reserves? It is shameful of me to say like that, but I have little knowledge on it.

It’s the balance on the asset like foreign bonds and the foreign …

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

『A supplementation』

It’s the balance on the asset like foreign bonds and foreign fixed deposit account which has high fluid and is possible to use immediately. It has been managed and possessed by the monetary authority each nation. When paying, a foreign currency is used.

It has been used on the settlement of the money of an import, and on the return for foreign debt to other nations, or so as to intervene in exchanging foreign currency making a sudden change on the exchanging rate stabilize. It’s the total amount of foreign currency reserve.

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《Possession on the number of the U.S. government bond is No.1 in the world》

I’ve made a mistake. The total amount of the foreign exchanging reserve in China in 2008 was two trillion one hundred thirteen billion dollar. I’m sorry for it.

It was one trillion one hundred nineteen billion dollar in Japan then. China has been the nation which holds the total amount of foreign exchange reserve two times as much as Japan.

The large amount of the total amount of foreign exchange reserve is used with the U.S. government debt.

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【Lights and shadow on China in the 21st centuries】

《Possession on the number of the U.S. government bond is No.1 in the world》

The balance on the U.S. government bond which China possessed reached to some seven hundred seventy billion dollars in 2009.

On the other hand the one which Japan possessed was some seven hundred one hundred, surpassing Japan and China is the top in the world.

As China became the nation possessing the U.S. government bond more than any other nation, the relation between America and China becomes something delicate.

American dollar has a tendency of weak dollar…

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【Lights and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《Possession on the U.S. government bond is unmatched in the world》

As American dollar has a tendency of weak dollar in the long term, possessing the large amount of asset of paying in dollars faces risk of losing the asset.

Selling the U.S. government bond and making the asset distribute to the ones paying in other currency is favorable for China.

But if selling the U.S. government bond, the market price on the U.S. government bond will crash, and the price of the U.S. government bond which China holds will collapse, so China will suffer….

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《Possession on the U.S. government bond is the top in the world》

…so as a result, China will suffer from a serious damage.

But if the relation between America and China worsens and China thinks it’s all right even if accepting danger of crashing the evaluated price U.S. government bond which China owns, selling the U.S.government bond and having a way of damaging America for China.

If China sells the large amount of the U.S. government bond, no one will buy a new U.S. government bond unless it’s high interest.

As a result, America can’t…

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《Possession of the U.S. government bond is unmatched in the world》

As a result, America can’t go head-to-head against China.

When the President Obama visited China in 2009, he hardly referred to a question of human right then. America was forced to be in the situation of hesitating itself on what it wants to do against China.

On the other hand, China has started a plan like the next.

Trying not to sell the U.S. government bond which China owns at present as less as possible and manages the fund positively which increases newly, and has….

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

…and has founded a new fund by the government affiliated of which scale on the fund is two hundred billion dollars.

China has learned to avoid provoking America, and at the same time, dispersed its risk

《Making Africa colonize?》

The author said he went around Sudan so as to interview in 2009. When arriving at Khartoum which is the capital in Sudan from Dubai by airplane, lots of tourists from China got on the van so as to pick them up from the airport and went away, looking at the author scornfully.

Then the author stood in a line at the...

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《Making Africa colonized?》

Then the author stood in line at the contact point of the Immigration Bureau.

China has advanced the project of digging up crude oil at the south of Sudan, so the large amount of labors have been in Sudan from China, and the Chineses don’t have to go through the Immigration inspection due to the negotiation with the government in Sudan.

Speaking of Sudan, militiamen slaughtered lots of residents at Darfur in the west of Sudan, and the government in Sudan supported them, so Sudan has been criticized internationally.

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《Making Africa colonized?》

The International Criminal Court issued an arrest warrant to the President Bashir with the suspicion of the crime with humanity and war.

While each nation has imposed an economic sanction on Sudan, China tries not to stop supporting Sudan at all, providing a large amount of weapon in exchange of petroleum. The weapon made in China has been used for the suppression against the residents in Sudan.

Developed countries including Japan has held back the aid in fund to Sudan, on the other hand, the government in China…

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【Light and shadow on China in the 21st century】

《Making China colonized?》

…the government in China continues to support Sudan, saying it wouldn’t intervene in the politics in Sudan.

The Chief of State Hu Jintao 胡錦濤 and the Prime Minister Wen Jiabao 温家宝 have visited each place of Africa energetically. The aim in the government of China is the resource in Africa.

It turned out that not only the petroleum but the large amount of rare metals which are indispensable for IT equipment are buried in Africa.

The one who controls the rare metal is the one who leads the rare metal in the next…

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