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【A grand struggle for power, what is called the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution】

［It started from a criticism on a historical drama］

A coment of criticism on the historical drama was the start of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution.

Hai Rui Bagan 海瑞罷官 was the historical drama of which a main character is Hai Rui 海瑞. He was a high officer but he lost his position because he told a critical opinion to the emperor.

Mao Zendong who then the led the Chinese communist party knew the historical drama, and thought it's a snide あてこすり for him.

An executive in the communist party, Peng Dehuai 彭徳懐, was lost his place because he criticized the Great breakthrough policy which started in 1958 because it failed.

Mao Zendong thought the drama indicated him Hai Rui 海瑞 was peng Dehuai 彭徳懐.

Mao Zendong 毛沢東 had a sense of impending crisis that his power was losing gradually after the failure of the Great breakthrough policy.

He thought he tried to get rid of an encircle net for him..

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【A grand struggle for power, what is called the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution】

［It started from a criticism on a historical drama］

Mao Zendong 毛沢東 thought he tried to get rid of a encircling net to catch him when he was supported by the people enthusiastically.

By the way, to tell the truth, it's not clear whether or not there was the encircling net to catch Mao Zendong 毛沢東 actually.

He made an activist in Shanghai 上海 criticize the historica drama through his confident, and started to to clear away an anti-influence against him.

Though the author of the historical drama praised Mao Zendong 毛沢東 and didn't think he tried to criticize him, but he was arrested, tortured and committed suicide. His wife and family members chose to kill themselves.

Choosing a breakthrough of his counterattack by Mao Zendong 毛沢東, the author of the historical drama met wit a tragedy.

［Put into a motion to the Great proletarian Cultural Revolution］

The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution..

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【A grand struggle for power, what is called the Grand Proletarian Cultural Revolution】

［Putting into motion to the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution］

The revolution continued about for ten years since 1965 when the author killed himself. What was the Grand Proletarian Cultural Revolution?

It has been debatable even just now, but in general, it was a struggle for power by Mao Zendong 毛沢東 who was going to be idolated inside the communist party took advantage of the young power.

However there are parts that we can't assert it's just the struggle for power, for it is related his revolutionary theory, his revolutionary ideal.

A revolutionary theory in Soviet which succeeded the revolution in socialism before China, being based on Marxism-Leninism, said like the next.

Capitalists were overthrown by the revolution in the socialism, so a class struggle between capitalists and labors disappeared basically.

On the other hand, Mao Zendong 毛沢東 had a different theory on the revolution.

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【A grand struggle for power, what is called the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution】

［Putting into motion to the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution］

It's a continuous revolutionary theory.

Even if the revolution in the socialism was successful, it takes a long time until the communism comes true. Then the class struggle between the capitalists and labors continues to exist.

The class struggle reflects on inside the communist party, and an there is an influence which aims at the socialism and other influence which trys to return to capitalism.

We have to continue the class struggle both inside and outside the communist party in order to do away with the situation until an ideal society of communism is born in this world. Mao Zendong 毛沢東 thought like that.

He recognized that the class struggle continued in the socialism and the capitalism can revive, so they must be always alert, and discover a group which leads to the capitalism and wipe out them.

Purging the thought of...

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【A grand struggle for power, what is called the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution】

［Putting into motion to the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution］

Purging the thought of capitalism by the thought of socialism, in short causing the revolution for our culture is necessary, Mao Zendong 毛沢東 thought like that, though I'm not sure of his way of thinking.

Anyway, he decided to make use of young people in this revolution. It's a start for the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution.

『Socialism and communism』

Even if wiping away the capitalism and socialism comes true, when an ability of producing is low, an ideal society, in short, the communism can't come true, according to Marxism and Leninism.

If distinguishing between the communism and socialism by matters in our life, we receive it according to our labor in the socialism, and we do it according to our necessity in the communism.

We can receive what we need according to our labor in the socialism, if the communism of which...

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【A grand struggle for power, the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution】

『Column,socialism and communism』

...if coming true the communism of which productive ability is high, everyone can receive the matters in its life what they need. If the socialism advanced highly, it's the communism.

If being the communism of the ideal society, the class struggle would vanish, and the nation which is the tool for the struggle would disappear as well. Marxim-Leninism thinks like that.

『Column, Mao Zendong 毛沢東』

There seems to be no one more than Mao Zengdon 毛沢東 who is evaluated varied.

He isn't only a father of new birth China, but a philosopher, and a poet. His character is versatile. He was born at a farming village in Hunan 湖南省 in 1893.

He started to read the Analects of Confucius 論語 at age of 8. After graduating teachers college, he joined the Chinese communist party, and succeed in the revolution in China.

However after that he repeated foolish attempts which the people criticize in...

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【A struggle for power, the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution】

『Column, Mao Zendong 毛沢東』

However he repeated foolish attempts in which the people criticized in history like the great breakthrough policy and the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution.

His relations with womnen were scandalous. It is said he was controlled by one of four people, his wife, Jiang Qing 江青. His corpse was laid out in the square in Tiananmen 天安門 after preserving measure.

［Red Guards 紅衛兵 appeared］

Students in a school which was famous for its education for elites posted a wall newspaper June 1966. A phrase of cheers to spirit of revolutionary rebellion was written in the newspaper.

The students in the school yearned for the ideal in the Chinese revolution which released peasants suffered under a feudal society.　

They doubted that education which they received wasn't revolutionary really, and criticized the educational plan in the school. Then they used a word from Mao Zengdon 毛沢東 as slogan.

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【A struggle for power, the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution】

［Red Guards appeared］

The slogan was like the next.

In short, a revolution is a rebellion. A spirit of thought on Mao Zedong 毛沢東 is the rebellion.

Then students used red guards as its author's name. A name of red guards which is left in history appeared. Red is a symbol for the revolution and the communism.

The guards defense the red, so it means the guards who defend the spirit for the revolution.

Mao Zedong 毛沢東 directed his attention to the movement and wrote to the students. He said in the letters like the next.

The newspaper expressed anger and resist for a landed class, the bourgeoisie, imperialism, revisionism, and their tools exploit and oppress labors, peasants, revolutionary intellectual elements and revolutionary party.

He still continued.

The newspaper called the rebellion was advantageous to antiestablishment. I'm going to express I support you fervently.

In short he said he'd support them.

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【A struggle for power, the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution】

［Red Guards appeared］

By the way, in fact the content of the letter was too difficult to understand for me. Without using the difficult words I wish he could express more easily. To return to my main topic, I'm going to express.

A established structure, powerful organization, and privileged classes. The young who had a feeling of scrupulous 潔癖 hated those thing, and were so pure that they yearned for the revolution. Those feeling of the young became a driving force on the movement on the wall newspaper.

The movement spread at once, and the newspaper which criticized the school authorities posted on the wall in Beijing 北京 university. The movement of the red guards started each school. It reached climax August in the same year.

About a million of the youth who wore an armband written in red guard gathered from the whole China at the square of Tiananmen 天安門 and met with Mao Zedong 毛沢東.

Mao Zedong himself wore the...

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【A grand struggle for power, the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution】

［Red Guards appeared］

Mao Zedong 毛沢東 himself wore the armband as well. He showed himself he became the supreme commander in the red guards.

Lin Bian 林彪 who was then the Secretary of Defence and pledged his allegiance to Mao Zedong called to the students there like the next.

Do away with all the old thought, old culture, old manners and customs in the exploiting class!

The red guards had a little red book which was published in 1996 in their hands, and put up a portrait of Mao Zedong 毛沢東. They acted, singing a song which admired for Mao Zedong. The red little book was a Mao dictionary 毛沢東語録

A thing like a personality cult for Stalin in Soviet was done in larger scale than Stalin was carried on extensively.

Mao Zedong 毛沢東 who was driven into a corner in the communist party made use of the revolutionary spirit of the youth and the personality cult for himself. Taking advantage of the influential power..

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【A grand struggle, the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution】

［Red Guards appeared］

As taking advantage influential power outside the communist party, and trying to abolish the encircling net for Mao Zedong 毛沢東, though except for him no one may have thought of the encircling net. I'm not sure of it.

［Destruction for everything started］

The movement on the red guard ran wild. No one could stop the students who received a certificate that the rebellion was advantageous.

Executives in the communist party were put on a label on them one after another. The label means the ones who led a course of capitalism.

They were dragged in front of the public and made them hang a signboard written X around their necks. Moreover their arms were twisted at their back.

If parents happened to be landowners, or to be a public servant long ago, both the parents and their family members were put on label of anti-revolution.

Formal charge against real parents by children were encouraged.

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【A grand struggle for power, the Great Proletariart Cultual Revolution】

［Destruction for everything started］

Children read a crime on their parents in front of the public and punched them on the face. It was done daily. Even a relation between parents and children was destroyed.

The ones who committed suicide out of despair increased one after another. If killing itself, it was judged it rejected the both people and the communist party, and it was criticized, for its thought was in the wrong.

The police was directed to take side with the red guards. Even if the police looked at the red guarads employ violence, the police was sought for to pretend not to look at it.

The ones who the red guards thought enemy were killed one after another. There was some data that no less than about five thousand of people were killed by the red guards alone August when Mao Zedong 毛沢東 encouraged. It's a exactly a collective hysteria, a massacre.

The youth who were born after the revolution killed..

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【A grand struggle for power, the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution】

［Destruction for everythins started］

The youth who were born after the revolution killed heroes who accomplished the Chinese revolution at the risk of their lives.

Struggles between organization of the red guards were done everyday.

Some people say no less than 1772 people were killed from August to January alone when Mao Zedong 毛沢東 encouraged.

The red guards who were encouraged to do away with the old thought, old culture, old manners and custom destroyed all the temples and churches. Valuable cultural assets were destroyed and set on fire one after another.

Except for books written by Mao Zedong, all the books were burned out each place. The red guards went to houses one by one, and searched for whether or not there was anti-revolution book, and burned the books.

Heel of a high heel for a female was cut out because its height of the heel was bourgeois.

A female who wore her hair long was labelled of..

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【A grand struggle for power, the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution】

［Destruction for everything started］

Females who wore her hair long was labeled of burgeois, and their hair was cut. Those scene were seen all over the town.

Without being criticized, the females wore a frugal Mao suit 人民服 and trousers, and they didn't makeup, and their hair was short and got together.

A red in the traffic signal means stop, but some red guards said it was in the wrong, for the red was a symbol for the revolution, so instead stop, it should mean go ahead, though it wasn't adopted.

A film director who used to join the movements on the red guards looked back like the next.

Lots of them were arrogant and were the ones like monomaniac somehow. They were so frank that they sometimes drove others into a corner thoroughly like a child.

Without knowing on the society much, they idealized the reality so much that they were immersed in a dream of the revolution from the morning to the night, but...

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【A grand struggle for power, the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution】

［Destruction for everything started］

...but they didn't know on what the revolution was in the least. While they had enthusiasm which sought for the truth, they actually stirred up an ignorance.

［The number of victims became huge］

There were enormous victims in the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution. Though its exact numbers were unclear, some data show about 3 million people were imprisoned and half million were excuted for ten years.

The revolution in which bonds between parents and children were cut out, and conviction by by a tip-off 密告 injured hearts of lots of people. There are plenty of the Chinese who don't try to speak of things in those days.

However instead of iron curtain, China was covered with bamboo curtain, except for the Chinese, no one knew those disatrous things happened in China.

Mass media in the west side couldn't gather material inside China at will, and reporters stationed in...

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【A grand struggle for power, the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution】

［Number of victims became enormous］

...reporters stationed each company in Beijing 北京 were expelled from China one after another.

It's just that lots of corpse which seemed to be slaughtered in the continent sometimes drifted to a port in Hongkong, so it turned out something disatrous happened in China, but no one could anything then.

［Great breakthrough policy which was an awful blunder］

Mao Zedong 毛沢東 fell into an awful predicament owing to his own failure until he took legal action to the Great proletariart Cultural Revolution. His own failure was the great breakthrough policy.

China which was built October in 1949 took a economic course of socialism in Soviet. Mao Zedong dreamed of building nation of socialism hastily in 1958.

He ordered to catch up with and got ahead of great powers in the West. At first England, in the next America.

What is necessary to build the socialism? He thought China needed..

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【A grand struggle for power, the Great proletariart Cultural Revolution】

［Great breakthrough policy which was an awful blunder］

Mao Zedong 毛沢東 thought China need iron in order to heavy industries, and there wasn't any big steel manufacturing factory in China then.

Even if each blast furnace could manufacture iron a little, if it was done on a nationwide scale, output of iron in China would reach a level of England right away, he thought like that.

As a result, an unpractical slogan, 60 million people construct one million blast furnace, was born. Iron works of handmade was build everywhere in China. Steel manufacturing started in any farming village.

However even if the blast furnace was construct, there was any iron ore to melt, so they threw into all metal into the blast furnace close at hand, like a hoe, spate, kettle, and bucket, and they did even farming instrument.

They need iron, so they built the blast furnace, but they melt all the iron what they had so as to build...

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【A grand struggle for power, the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution】

［Great breakthrough policy which was an awful blunder］

...but they melt all the iron what they had so as to use the blast furnace, it was confusing order of things 本末転倒. Ironware disappear from everywhere in China. Unbelievable act of folly was done at once nationwide.

Iron was produced like that, but its quality was bad, and the iron was useless. To make matters worse, they cut down trees on mountain in order to be fuel for furnace.

Mountains in the whole China became bald mountains in an instant. After that they suffered from a deluge and a landslide. A disaster occurred each place, and any farm products weren't harvested.

The ones who were engaged in agriculture worked at a blast furnace eight hours a day, and they had no time to do farming. Even if wheats and rice plants bear, no one could harvest them.

On the other hand, the ones who were engaged in farming were to live in group, being based on theory..

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【A grand struggle for power, the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution】

［Great breakthrough policy which was an awful blunder］

On the other hand, the ones who were engaged in farming were to live in group, being based on the theory in communism of Mao Zedong 毛沢東. People's commune 人民公社 was born.

When a plan of life in group reached the lowest leves,as the communism didn't allow to have any private property, so both the peasants and farmers must not have their any belongs at all.

However in the theory of communism, the private property is a capital of capitalists, in short, facilities, or institutions in factory, but no one could understand it in a simple farming land.

A life in group in which no one had any belongs started. This way was done under the Pol Pot government in Cambodia thoroughly in large scale.

A life of family unit in a farming village was given up, and they had a meal sharing a same dining room together in a local farming village.

All the things were done in...

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【A grand struggle for power, the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution】

［Great breakthrough policy which was an awful blunder］

All the things were done in group, and being equal thoroughly is a society in socialism and communism, they thought like that.

Whether or not they work, their income was the same. Even if they worked hard, anybody didn't have anything private, so their eager to work dropped extremely.

No one was worried about food as long as they went to a sharing dining room, they could eat something, so a stock of food vanished before long, moreover a product of food dropped.

It is said that about 20 million people starved to death for three years before and after 1960, but other data show 40 million, so it's unclear. Even in its capital, Beijin 北京 the people staved off their hunger with wild grass.

A hell where a person ate other one on account of a hunger appeared each place in this world, but it wasn't informed in any foreign countries.

A propaganda that China...

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【A grand struggle for power, the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution】

［Great breakthrough policy was an awful blunder］

A propaganda alone that China had developed with the Great Breakthrough Policy under a guide by Mao Zedong 毛沢東 was done.

『Column, Deng Xiaoping 鄧小平』

He was born in Sichuan 四川省 in 1904, and went abroad to study in France at age of 16. He knew the theory in communism in Paris, and joined the communist party.

He did practical business as assistance of Mao Zedong 毛沢東, but he was such an able person that he was envied, and lost his position twice in the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution.

Howver after death of Mao Zedong, he returned, and it was said as if he had been the phoenix.

Chinese economy was confused bitterly in the era of Mao Zedong 毛沢東, but introducing a line of reform and release into the Chinese economy, and he contributed to the development in Chinese economy.

［Mao Zedong was blamed for his reponsiblity］

Mao Zedong 毛沢東 was ousted from the...

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【A grand struggle for power, the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution】

［Mao Zedong was blamed for his responsibility］

Mao Zedong 毛沢東 was ousted from his position as president due to a failure of the Great Breakthrough Policy April in 1959.

Though he remainded the leader of the communist party, Liu Shaoqi 劉少奇 took office as president.

Instead Mao Zedong, Liu Shaoqi 劉少奇 and Deng Xiaoping 鄧小平 took charge of rebuilding the economy.

Raising a price of buying on farming product, dividing farmland for peasants, and rest of the farmland which was sold to the nation was handled by others at will.

The new leaders raised the eager of the ones who were engaged in agriculture. In consequence, the economy started to revive around 1962.

Mao Zedong 毛沢東 who took responsibility and retired once, but didn't forgive others who criticism him.

Peng De0-huai 彭徳懐 who was then the Secretary of Defense and criticized the Great Breakthrough policy reservedly, and he received a violent counterattack...

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【A grand struggle for power, the Grand Proletariart Cultural Revolution】

［Mao Zedong was blamed for his responsiblity］

...Peng De-huai 彭徳懐 received a violent counterattack from Mao Zedong and lost his position. The ones who were intimate with Peng De-huai 彭徳懐 were imprisoned or transferred to a remote region.

I'm afraid my expressions from now on may be repetition a little, I'm sorry for it, so please pardon me.

Peng De-huai 彭徳懐 was a hero who was a commander of a volunteer army which was dispatched from China in the Korean War, but he was purged because he criticized Mao Zedong.

Mao Zedong 毛沢東 thought he was criticized in the historical drama owing to Peng-De huai 彭徳懐.

The economy revived due to Liu Shaoqi 劉少奇 and Deng Xiaoping 鄧小平, but Mao Zedong was unsatisfied, for the agriculture was done in group was stopped, for he thought it was ideal, the best one.

He thought it was a deviation from the socialism, and Liu Shaoqi 劉少奇 and Deng Xiaoping 鄧小平 continued to get results...

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【A grand struggle for power, Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution】

［Mao Zedong was blamed for his responsibility］

Liu Shaoqi 劉少奇 and Deng Xiaoping 鄧小平 continued to get results so much that Mao Zedong 毛沢東 was worried that his position disadvantageous.

Those things were in succession and Mao Zedong took leagl action to the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution, in general, lots of people think so.

He made use of the pure young for struggling power inside the communist party.

『Column, Even if a white cat and black cat.. 』

Famous phrase of Deng Xiaoping 鄧小平 is even if it's a white cat or black cat, the one which catches rats is a good cat.

It's the phrase for rebuild the confused agriculture caused by the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution. If leading to increase farming product, any kind of way will be all right.

It originally originates from a proverb in Sichuan 四川省, and instead the white cat, a yellow cat was in the proverb, but without our noticing it, it changed into...

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【A great struggle for power, the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution】

『Column,Even if a white cat or a black cat..』

...but without our noticing it, it changed into the white cat.

However his remarks were criticized before long like the next.

The problem is what kind of way we should adopt, and it's not what kind of way is all righ isn't revolutionary.

His remarks were took advantage of losing the position of Deng Xiaoping 鄧小平.

［Even Deng Xiaoping 鄧小平 was under house arrest］

Executives who criticized the Great breakthrough policy and made effort to settle down its confusion were criticized one after another in the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution.

Liu Shaoqi 劉少奇 was ousted from the communist party in 1968 and was dead of illness in prison in the next year.

Deng Xiaoping 鄧小平 was severely criticized and was transfered to a remote region, but he was different from Liu Shaoqi, he endured his labor in the remote region, and came back dramatically after Mao Zedong was dead.

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【A grand struggle for power, the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution】

［Red guards went to a farming village in the province］

Thus Mao Zedong won the struggle for power. Taking advantage of the red guards in the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution, no one threatened the position of Mao Zedong 毛沢東.

Then Mao Zedong found the red guards as a nuisance. As they repeated destruction and struggle forever, Mao Zedong who strenghtened the base for his power found the red guard as nuisance.

Moreover lots of the young who were tired because of their overdoing wandered around the town. Mao Zedong 毛沢東 had to handle the young who had no more use for him.

He said the intellecual young need to go to farming village and to be educated again in poor class or middle class of peasants, but it was virtually a banishment.

Mao Zedong didn't trust the educated class. China is a nation of the ones who are engaged in agriculture, and he succeeded in the Chinese revolution by spread revolutional...

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【A grand struggle for power, the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution】

［The red guards went to farming village in the province］

Mao Zedong 毛沢東 succeeded in the Chinese revolution by developing revolutionary struggle in farming village as foothold, so the farming village was his support.

He wanted to train the young who were excessively theoretical in the farming village, but at the same time it means getting rid of the young and made them go to the farming village.

He made use of the young in the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution, but they were useless, so the young who were over 20 million went to a remote region and were engaged to agriculture clumsily.

The young who were full of hope for the revolution faced a poor desperate situation there. Female students were often raped. About 10 million of the youth who couldn't stand the difficulty ran away to cities after Mao Zedong 毛沢東 was dead.

［Influence over the world］

The Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution which...

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【A grand struggle for power, the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution】

［Influence over the world］

The Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution which was the struggle for power by Mao Zedong 毛沢東, but it was highly regarded in foreigh countries then.

As they didn't know what happened in Chinese because it was covered with bamboo curtain, the young who were disappointed at the line of socialism of Soviet style were attracted by a slogan in the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution, a revolution which lasts for a long time.

The young were deeply impressed by some phrase, for example, do revolution always, or a rebellion is reasonable.

Revolts by students occurred each place in the world then. A student movement in Paris, what is called revolution of May, anti-Vietnam War toward America, and so on.

Then what is called 全共闘の東大解体 was caused in Japan, but I had little knowldege on it, so I'm going to omit it. Though I can translate it literally, but it doesn't make sense at all.

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【A grand struggle for power, the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution】

［Influence over the world］

Thoughts of Mao Zedong had had influenced over those movements greatly. Japanese student movement in Tokyo University, the slogan of a revolt is reasonable was put at the gate which was blockade by barricade.

The Pol Pot Government in Cambodia practiced the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution and the Great Breakthrough Policy in extreme way, and slaughtered its millions of poeple.

Organization of guerrilla which adopted line of revolution in Mao Zedong appeared one after another.

Mao Zedong 毛沢東 was dead September in 1976, and his wife in his latr years, Jiang Qing 江青, and others who recommended the Great Proletariart Cultural Revolution were arrested, and the struggle for power was over.

After Soviet in Stalin, tragedies were born by a dictator in China. Why did no one can defend it?

The communist party decieded what is right culture or right thought, a situation like that...

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【A grand struggle for power, the Grand Proletariat Cultural Revolution】

［Influence over the world］

The communist party decided what the right culture was, and the right thought was,a situation like that was established then, and all of the individuals couldn't think of their ways of being, of their own ideal society, we can criticize like that.

The Revolution has made us feel keenly think of something for ourselves is important. It seems as if history asked us a question severely.

Why could grownups prevent the children of red guards from murdering, beating people by lynch, and destroying?

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【What I've thought】

I found the response was short,for to my surprise, the number of letters in a response is limited within 600. It's about half as long as before.

Has a rule in this bulletin board changed anything? or has an instrument which I handled been out of order?

It cannot be. It used to be within 1400, and became within 1000, then within 600.
It has been shorter and shorter. I hate it. I'm sure the longer, the better,though there is a limit to it,but I'm not satisfied with it in the least.

Pulling myself together, I'm going to express myself in English from now on.

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Continuation of the response no.280.

【A great struggle for power, the Great Proletariat Revolution】

［Lost generation］

The people who enjoyed student life before and after in the 1970th has been called the lost generation in China at present.

All the lessons stopped during the Great Proletariat Cultural Revolution. It's just that the students destroyed an established situation,and old custom, and didn't create anything new a bit.

Without having any chance of studying in the least, the lots of the youth were forced to go to farming village. They continued to work with illiterate peasants..

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【A great struggle for power, the Great Proletariat Cultural Revolution】

［Lost generation］

The students continued to work with illiterate peasants in remote regions where there were few books. Lots of them can't read and write enough because they haven't receive basic education,so they can't keep up with the latest technical skill like a computer at all.

The ones who can survive in the Great Proletariat Cultural Revolution are also victims. It seems that as if we could hear their cries, return the youth to them.

Too short to express what I want to do. I've begun to feel stress here!

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《The present situation》

40 years have passed since the Great Proletariat Cultural Revolution May in 2006, but no one took up it in mass media in China, for the Chinese communist party directed the mass media not to take up the Great Proletariat Cultural Revolution beforehand.

China has been a one party of the communist party of dictatorship actually, though
there have been 8 political parties formally. Each mass media had to be directed from the communist party, so they couldn't take it up.

It turned out that there has been no freedom of speech in China,and the Great Proletariat Cultural..

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《Present situation》

...and we're forced to recognize that the Great Proletariat Cultural Revolution has been taboo with them in China. Moreover, a failure in the Great Breakthrough Policy hasn't been taken up at present in China as well.

As a result, the young who don't know their history have increased. While Chinese government asks Japan to look squarely at history,it can't do their negative history.

【Asia was bogged down,which was the Vietnamese War】

［A memory on a photo］

America wouldn't win the Vietnamese War, the author thought for the first time when being a student in high school.

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【America was bogged down in Asia, which was the Vietnamese War】

［Memory on a photo］

The author continued.

When looking at the photo running on newspaper, my expectation started, it was one day when the Vietnamese War intensified.

An Amrican tank was driving in the middle of a rice field where ears of rice 稲穂 bore well in the photo. The ears of rice fell down mercilessly, and there was a clear trace which the tank passed through.

These Americans couldn't understand how the Asian felt for rice at all, the author thought like that.

Were ears of rice which spread over the rice field just..

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【America was bogged down in Asia, which was the Vietnamese War】

［Memory on a photo］

Was the ears of rice 稲穂 which spread over the rice field just weeds for the American? Everyone would have a pleasant feeling if they laid flat weeds with the tank in a grassy plain as far as they could see, but it wasn't the weeds but rice plants which we the Asian handled very carefully.

Without knowing the expectation of the Asians, even if they sent lots of the military force, they wouldn't be supported by the local people.

After all America would lose in the war, the author thought like that.

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【America was bogged down in Asia, which was the Vietnamese War】

［Anti the Vietnamese War which arose among the Japanese as well］

It was in 1967 when the author looked at the photo.

Without having any prospect when the war in south Vietnam was over, the war escalated gradually.

Americans who were injured in Vietnam were carried to hospitals in Tokyo.

Bomber planes of B52 took off from Okinawa which was ruled by America then day after day so as to raid Vietnam.

The Japanese went abroad ships which transported supplies from Japan to the U.S. army in Vietnam.

Then the Japanese prime...

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【America was bogged down in Asia, which was the Vietnam War】

［Anti Vietnamese War which arose among the Japanese as well］

Then the Japanese prime minister Eisaku Sato visited the South Vietnam and promised to assist economically Vietnam autumn in 1967. Japan was also related with the Vietnamese War deeply.

The Vietnamese War wasn't the one which was far away from Japan.

Movements which was opposed to the Vietnamese War arose each place in the world. Various groups unfurled the movement for anti-war in Japan too.

Demostration parades or gathering were held in the center of Tokyo every day.

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【America was bogged down in Asia, which was the Vietnamese War】

［Anti Vietnmamese War which arose in Japan as well］

An author Makoto Oda developed a unique movement through which participants carried out non violence and they did everything what they could. Everyone who was opposed to the war could join the movement.

The participants made American soldiers who stayed in Japan escape from the American army.

Then lots of the Japanese including the authors thought the National Liberation Front in south Vietnam was a group which belonged to the south Vietnma alone, and the military force in...

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【America was bogged down in Asia, which was the Vietnamese War】

［Anti Vietnamese War which arose in Japan as well］

...and the military force in America oppressed wishes of the people who belonged to the National Liberation Front in the south Vietnam aimed at being independent by force, the participants thought like that, and the National Liberation Front in the south Vietnam also asserted like that.

However immediate after the capital of the south Vietnam, Saigon, fell to the enemy, it turned out that lots of people who named themselves the National Liberation Front in the south Vietnam...

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【America was bogged down in Asia, which was the Vietnamese War】

［Anti-Vietnam War which arose in Japan as well］

...it turned out that the National Liberation Front in the sout Vietnam named themselves didn't belong to the south Vietnam. What happened in Vietnam then?

［The memorial cenotaph 慰霊碑 for the Vietnamese War at Washington in America］

Washington D.C. is the capital in America, and there is a vast park which is well-known its a beautiful a row of cherry near the White House.

There is a gigantic statue of Lincoln, which is the Lincoln memorial in the park, and there is the...

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【America was bogged down in Asia, which was the Vietnamese War】

［Memorial cenotaph 慰霊碑 for the Vietnamese War at Washington in America］

...and the Memorial cenotaph for the war dead in the Vietnamese War stood near the Lincoln Memorial.

When looking from above the Memorial cenotaph which was made up with gratine 御影石, its shape was V, and its total length is no less than 151 meters. Its face shines as if it were a mirror.

Names of the American who were dead in the Vietnamese War was inscribed in chronological order. Its numbers are 58.214.

Lots of people visited there so as to see the..

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【America was bogged down in America, which was the Vietnamese War】

［The Memorial cenotaph 慰霊碑 for the Vietnamese War at Washington in America］

Lots of people visited there so as to look at the names of their family members or relatives, and some of them offered a bonquet and photos of the family members or relatives during their lifetime.

The Vietnamese War has never been a thing in the past for the Americans. Close sixty thousand of the young were dead in the Vietnamese War, and what did America get from the Vietnamese War?

［A nation of Vietnam］

Direct flights take off from Narita...

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【America was bogged down in Asia, which was the Vietnamese War】

［A nation of Vietnam］

Direct flights take off from the Narita airport and the Kansai international airport to Vietnam at present.

Vietnam which has been a popular spot of sightseeing for young females in Japan is long and narrow from south to north and is smaller than Japanese a little.

Mountain area which is large and steep. Plain which is narrow, slim, and long and is along with a coast. Fertile land which spreads over near the Mekong River.

Beautiful roadside trees line up in Ho Chi Minh which used to be called Saigon.

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【America was bogged down in Asia, which was the Vietnamese War】

［A nation of Vietnam］

Existence of delicious French bread reminded me of a rule by France, said the author like that.

Lots of the Japanese visit Vitenam for sightseeing, but how many of the Japanese do they know that the military force in Japan used to controll there?

［Colony of France to control by Japan］　

Vietnam used to be a colony of France for a long time with Cambodia and Laos which are next to Vietnam.

France was defeated by Germany in the World War Ⅱ in 1940, and Japan which formed a military alliance with ...

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【America was bogged down in Asia, which was the Vietnamese War】

［The country chaged from a colony of France to a rule by Japan］

...and Japan who formed military alliance with Germany occupied Vietnam September in 1940. It was the previous year before the Pacific War started.

The military force in Japan went into Vietman which was controlled by France, and prevented the military force in France from resisting and the military force in Japan controlled Vietnam actually.

Then Japan was at war with China. It's the Chinese-Japanese war. Then America assisted France, and sent supplies to China..

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【America was bogged down in Asia, which was the Vietnamese War】

［The country changed from a colony of France to a rule by Japan］

...and America sent supplies to China for france via Vietnam, so Japan occupied Vietnam and tried to stop America from helping France.

The military force in Japan forced lots of farmers to stop growing rice and to change into a cultivation for hemp 麻 so as to make them make military bags of hemp.

Japan bought rice from the farmers by force and there was a drought in 1944. Then it had little rain and the farmers could hardly harvest the rice but Japan bought...

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【America was bogged down in Asia, which was the Vietnamese War】

［France changed into a colony of France to a rule by Japan］

...and Japan bought the rest of little rice from the farmers. Thus a terrilbe famine happened. Vietnamese government announced that no less than two million of people were dead due to the famine.

［Ho Chi Minh］

Ho Chi Minh is a father of building Vietnam. The name is a Chinese name which means a foreigner whose will is clear.

He was apprenticed to a cook in a French ship and went around each place of the world, and lived in France. He knew the Marxism and joined...

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【America was bogged down in Asia, which was the Vietanamese War】

［Ho Chi Minh］

...he learned the Marxism and joined the communist party in France in 1917, after that returned to Vietnam and formed Viet Minh, and started a movement of independent from France. The Viet Minh is a Front of racial unification.

Ho Chi Minh hated something flamboyant and led usually a simple life and was called Ho uncle.

He was loved and respected by the people not only in the North Vietnam but in the South Vitenam during the war.

He left his will that he wanted to be cremated and to be divided to his ashes...

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