注目の話題
皆さんは精神科受診についてどう思いますか?
妻の過去について
おばさんイジリされる職場

Science,English,and math 5th

レス500 HIT数 3424 あ+ あ-

匿名さん
21/06/27 19:16(更新日時)

I will start from now on


(続・兄の英語スレをよろしく‼😉)



No.3283469 21/05/03 00:45(スレ作成日時)

新しいレスの受付は終了しました

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No.1 21/05/09 02:27
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

マユミちゃん、有難う😊

Continuation from the last response on the 4th one.

《Six subjects on modern science》

『Chemistry』

If making each of chemical elements repel each other, what happens?

Those question and curiosity have made the chemistry developed until now, and we have expected an energy produced from hydrogen greatly so much that we’ve made ahead with the study in which we have tried to put in practical use of the new energy.

Instead of nuclear power generation which has a great risk, the society of which center is hydrogen, is it possible to come true? If there is an obstacle on the...

No.2 21/05/09 02:40
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

《Six subjects on modern science》

『Chemistry』

If there is an obstacle on the hydrogen energy in which we have to overcome, what’s that?

Chemistry has been greatly related with the energy in the future. Outcome on the chemical study has been rooted deeply in our every day life more than physics, for without chemical reaction, we can’t make a bag made of vinyl, to be exact a bag made of plastic, or plastic bottle.

It is no exaggeration to say our everyday life has been surrounded by chemical substance, so we need to understand deeply a blessing and risk brought by chemical substance.

No.3 21/05/09 02:58
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

《Six subject on modern science》

『Biology』

Birth on life has been filled with mystery like the birth on universe. How has the life been born on the earth? We can’t get a complete answer form it at present, but there are some convincing hypothesis.

After the life was born, a creature of single cell changed into a multicellular creature, and turned into us the human being. Darwin who gave a clear explanation on its reason of our evolution by the theory of evolution.

The theory of evolution belongs to science, so it’s just the hypothesis, but it’s a very powerful hypothesis, and the theory...

No.4 21/05/09 03:13
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

《Six subjects on modern science》

『Biology』

It is the genetic engineering which is related to the theory of evolution closely.

Genes on both plants and animals including us the human race have been made out one after another, and the study in which we’ve tried to improve the gene itself moves ahead, as a result there is an ethical problem in front of us. We have to take an interest in it.

『Medical science』

As being aware of mechanism on creature, it has been put in practical use for medical science.

Whenever we the human race came across various sickness from long ago, there are lots ...

No.5 21/05/09 03:31
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

《Six subjects on modern science》

『Biology』

...there are lots of victims, at the same time we’ve discovered each of disease-causing germs and contrived a way of treatments. When struggling with the disease-causing germs, we could find a bacterium and virus.

A subject of the medical science becomes smaller and smaller, then the study on gene is put in practical use for the medical science. What is called ips cell is about to make the medical science reach a regenerative medicine 再生医療 of which we have dreamed.

But even if the treatment of which we’ve dreamed for a long time comes true, the...

No.6 21/05/09 03:51
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

《Six subjects on modern science》

4『Biology』

...the problem is whether or not all of us can enjoy the blessing on the treatment. If a handful of the rich alone can receive the treatment, it will become a problem in the society.

When having found a new technical skill, how should we receive it? A new subject was born then. It’s common in various science.

5『Earth science』

Japan is well-known to be prone to earthquake. What kind of mechanism causes the earthquake? We’ve often heard of the earthquake that directly hits the Tokyo area or of Nankai mega thrust earthquake on TV. What are they?

No.7 21/05/09 04:04
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

《Six subjects on modern science》

5『Earth science』

The continent where we live on the earth has moved from the past to the present age little by little. It turned out that the earthquake occurs with the same mechanism of the movement on the continent.

But even if we know the mechanism, we can’t estimate the time when the earthquake breaks out. In addition there seems to be a casual relation between the earthquake and a volcanic activity, but it doesn’t always mean that we can understand it perfectly.

As to a natural disaster, it is important for us to understand how much it has given a...

No.8 21/05/09 04:21
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

《Six subjects on modern science》

5『Earth science』

...it is important for us to understand how much we have given a clear explanation and how much we haven’t so as to receive and to handle with the natural disaster calmly. Earth science makes us understand it clearly.

6『The problem on environment』

It is the problem on environment which we the human race can’t avoid as long as we live in the future, especially global warming.

There are all kinds of counterargument against the global warming. Has the earth been warming actually?

Deciphering the dispute will be an applied question so as...

No.9 21/05/09 05:12
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

《Six subjects on modern science》

『The problem on environment』

Deciphering the dispute will be an applied question so as to have a scientific idea or to think scientifically.

By the way, how has each nation taken steps against the global warming actually? Are they efficient really?

Even if we can pinpoint the cause of the global warming, we need political or economic power in order to stop. The policy by a stupid leader often brings serious natural disaster.

The problem on environment has been the problem on the whole earth, so if failing to judge the situation, or making a mistake when...

No.10 21/05/09 05:27
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

《Six subjects on modern science》

6『The problem on environment』

...so if failing to judge the situation or making a mistake when dealing with the situation, there is a possibility that the whole earth is destroyed, therefore we have to acquire an ability of making sure of knowledge and information on the environment with a scientific point of view.

The author said he was about to start telling those six subjects from the next point of view.

Science starts form doubting. Framing and verifying a hypothesis from doubting, it leads to various discoveries. It causes a history to change and to...

No.11 21/05/09 05:41
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

《Six subjects on modern science》

『An announcement by the author』

...to change our everyday life greatly and to control our future. We can understand there is the process behind science from physics to the problem on environment.

When we can understand the things in the world like nuclear weapon, nuclear power generation, hydrogen energy, regenerative medical treatment, earthquake that directly hits the Tokyo area and global warming, we may have thought we got it like Archimedes and may have been satisfied with it.

The preface is over, and the main subjects start from now on.

No.12 21/05/09 05:59
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《From the elementary particle to the universe》

Speaking of physics, what kind of things do you imagine?

Dynamics which we learn from the text on the class of physics at first in high school. It’s an extension from a principle on leverage, or a principle on a pair of scales.

What kind of force works in the natural world, and how does it act on things? Gravitation is also the force. Without adding any power, a thing like a soccer ball doesn’t move. Studying various forces which works in natural world and calculating. It’s dynamics.

No.13 21/05/09 10:39
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《From the elementary particle to the universe》

But Nobel prize for physics recently is the study on the elementary particle like quark and neutrino won the prize. What does it mean?

While we study the force in a thing in physics, we seek for relation between particles which made up material in physics. When breaking down materials less and less, we’ve reach the elementary particle.

At the same time, analyzing the elementary particle in varied ways connects an explanation how the universe was born. Studying a composition on...

No.14 21/05/09 10:55
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《From the elementary particle to the universe》

Studying a composition on everything is studying a process on the birth of the universe. How was the universe born? Any common ground between the two studies is the elementary particle, so the study on the elementary particle won the Nobel prize.

Studying from the tiniest elementary particle to the vast and boundless universe, physics is a large scale of the study.

《Breaking the world minutely》

The elementary particle is ultimate element. What is the elementary particle at first?

No.15 21/05/09 11:08
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Braking down the world minutely》

The body of us the human race is made up with lots of cells. If breaking down the cells, it is a molecule. Still more if breaking down the molecule, it is an atom.

We used to think the atom was the tiniest in all the materials in the past, but science resolve the atom as well. It turned out that the atom is divided into an atomic nucleus and electrons which circle around the atomic nucleus.

The study moved toward to break down more minutely.

When the study was moved ahead, though we can’t break..

No.16 21/05/09 11:27
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Breaking down the world minutely》

It proves that though we can’t break down the electron any more, we can divide the atomic nucleus into a neutron and a proton and we can’t stop our curiosity.

We’ve thought. Can we resolve the neutron and proton more minutely? It turned out that we can. We can dismantle both the neutron and proton, and two of them changed into particles. We call the particles quark.

Why do we call them quark? It’s originated from literature. There is a novel of which title is Finnegans Wake written by James Joyce.

No.17 21/05/09 11:43
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Breaking down the world minutely》

There is a scene that a bird sang three times like quark, quark, quark in the novel, so the name of the elementary particle becomes the quark. Why was it three times? The author said he would express it later, so I don’t know why it was.

Thus dismantling a thing less and less, and the thing which we can’t break down any more is the elementary particle.

The elementary particle is 素粒子 in Japanese. Its Chinese character, 素 is also used to some numbers, and...

No.18 21/05/09 17:47
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Breaking down the world minutely》

...the Chinese character of 素 is used in a prime number. It’s the number which we can’t divide any more.

For example, as to 4, we can divide it with either 1 or 2, but as to 3, we can do with 1 and 3 which the number itself alone. The same kind of number is 2 before 3, and after 3, the it continues like 5,7, 11, 13, 17....

Those numbers aren’t divisible, except for 1 and the number itself.

We can’t divide the elementary particle any more, so the 素 is used, it’s the same with the prime number.

No.19 21/05/09 18:03
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Everything is made up with three kinds of elementary particles》

The author said he was going to get the idea on the elementary particle in shape.

When dividing an atom still more, we succeeded in dividing an atomic nucleus and electrons which go around the atomic nucleus. It turned out that the atomic nucleus itself is divisible with a neutron and proton, and two of them are made up with quark.

Its just a scientific way. We thought if continued to divide minutely, we must have found the tiniest element which composed of the world.

No.20 21/05/09 18:21
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, form an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Everything is made up with three kinds of elementary particle》

Thus if dividing materials into minute elements, we can acquire a right knowledge. The way of thinking is called reductionism. Reduction means returning to the original situation, so returning the original element and trying to understand it.

By the way can’t we divide the quark any more? As a matter of course we feel like thinking like that, but the situation becomes more complicated from this point.

We used to expect that there were three kinds of quark, so it was...

No.21 21/05/09 18:38
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Everything is made up with three kinds of elementary particle》

...so it was named quark which was associated with a scene in a novel where a bird sang three times, but it turned out to be two kinds of quark actually. We call each of the quarks up quark and down quark.

To be concrete, while a neutron is made up with two down quarks and one up quark, a proton is two up quark and one down quark.

In short, everything is made up with three kinds of elementary particle like down quark, up quark and electron. As to things which exist on...

No.22 21/05/09 18:57
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Everything is made up with three kinds of elementary particle》

As to things which exist on the earth at present, they are the tiniest element, though if trying to extend our outlook to the universe, there are still more other four kinds of elementary particle under special circumstance.

《A neutrino as if it were a ghost》

We’ve frequently heard of a word, neutrino on the news program of TV. What’s the neutrino?

In fact other elementary particles which don’t exist on the earth fly around the universe. If including those elementary...

No.23 21/05/09 19:12
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, form an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Neutrino as if it were a ghost》

If including those elementary particles, it proved that there are 16 kinds of elementary particle in the universe, and the neutrino accounts for three of 16 kinds.

Large amount of the neutrino have flown around the universe, but they are so tiny that they pass through everything as if they were a ghost, so they pass through even the earth.

Physicists tried to catch the neutrino and made a gigantic water tank. It’s super kamiokande. Masatoshi Koshiba who is an physicist succeeded in observing...

No.24 21/05/09 19:25
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Neutrino as if it were a ghost》

Masatoshi Koshiba who is a physicist succeeded in observing the neutrino by kamiokande, he won a Nobel prize for physics in 2002.

There are 16 kinds of elementary particle, including neutrino, and 12 kinds of them form materials. At first it turned out that the universe is composed with the 12 kinds of elementary particles.

As being aware that the parts which formed the universe, so we could express everything on the universe, everyone thought like that, but it didn’t go well like that, for the...

No.25 21/05/09 19:40
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, form an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Neutrino as if it were a ghost》

...for the elementary particles fly around the universe separately alone, an unit like an atom will never be born.

It must have been a thing which is close together the separated elementary particles, it needs a thing like a glue, so physicists looked for it, and they’ve discovered a new elementary particle, it’s gluon.

The elementary particle of gluon makes various other elementary particles be close together and the neutron and proton are formed, then they change into the atomic nucleus, in the...

No.26 21/05/11 04:34
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Neutrino as if it were a ghost》

...and the atomic nucleus is close together electrons and they become an atom.

The gluon is originated from glue, it means a paste, and it turned out that it makes the elementary particles are close together and become various materials.

Each of the elementary particles isn’t only close together but is repulsive, so it must have been other elementary particle which makes them repel, then a new elementary particle was found. It’s a photon 光子.

Except for the gluon and photon, other elementary...

No.27 21/05/11 04:45
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Neutrino as if it were a ghost》

Except for the gluon and photon, other two kinds of elementary particles were found. They are called a weak power, w boson and z boson.

Those four kinds of the elementary particles like the gluon, photon, w boson, and z boson are the ones which work out between other 12 kinds of elementary particles as force.

12 kinds of elementary particles which are equal to parts on the atom and other four kinds of the one who is close together or repulsive. They are 16 in total.

《A discovery on the particle of...》

No.28 21/05/11 05:00
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《The discovery on the particle of Higgs》

We’ve discovered 16 kinds of the elementary particles, so we can express everything on the universe....but it doesn’t go well so easily, for there is something which we can’t express with them. It’s a mass, it means a weight.

There is the latest theory on the universe. It’s called inflation. It’s related the birth on the universe. It has been thought like the next.

Particles which are almost nothing swelled suddenly, and they became a thing like a fire ball, then an explosion broke out. It’s...

No.29 21/05/11 05:12
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《The discovery on the particle of Higgs》

It’s what is called a Big Bang.

When the Big Bang broke out, various elementary particles flew around with high temperature in the beginning, but even if the elementary particles flew around, without having any weight, neither they can be close together nor be repulsive.

As a result there must have been the other elementary particle which gave the weight to the other elementary particles flying around at will.

Peter Higgs who was an English physicist framed the hypothesis like that.

No.30 21/05/11 05:33
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《The discovery on the particle of Higgs》

Higgs estimated that there must have been the elementary particle which prevented from other elementary particles moving fast, though it seemed their speed was so fast then when the universe started. It was in 1964 when Tokyo Olympic was held.

We call the elementary particle Higgs particle. Without being recognized its existence, it was named like that.

16 kinds of the elementary particles were found then and if adding the Higgs, there are 17 kinds, but no one could find the new one easily.

No.31 21/05/11 20:22
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《The discovery on the particle of Higgs》

But scientists tried to find the particle of Higgs and continued to study and made an experiment over and over again all over the world, and it has been discovered at last in 2012.

We have frequently seen an estimation that though being unable to make out its true self something must have been there in scientific work like Higgs particle.

For example, there are sickness like hepatitis 肝炎 of A type or B type. In the beginning, two types of virus on hepatitis were found, so they were named A ...

No.32 21/05/11 20:34
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《The discovery on the particle of Higgs》

...so they were named the hepatitis of A type and B type, but in spite that neither of A nor B type of virus found, there were some cases in which a syndrome of hepatitis appeared, so the ones who were engaged in medical treatment thought there must have been unknown virus.

It was named the hepatitis of neither A nor B type.

In short it was neither A nor B type, but it had a syndrome of the hepatitis, but as its virus wasn’t discovered, so it was named neither A nor B type temporarily.

No.33 21/05/11 20:51
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《The discovery on the particle of Higgs》

Before long the virus was found and was named the hepatitis of C type.

As to the case on the particle of Higgs, Higgs was aware that no one can explain it to anyone with 16 kinds of the elementary particle alone, and estimated there should be one more elementary particle, and it was discovered actually after 48 years. Higgs started from having a question.

《The universe is made of a grain》

As to something interesting about modern physics, when studying the tiniest element which made up with...

No.34 21/05/11 21:11
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《The universe is made of grains》

...when studying the tiniest element which made up with materials, it led to an explanation in which we express the universe, the biggest thing.

The universe was born by inflation and Big Bang, immediate after weightless elementary particles flew around at random, but the elementary particle fo Higgs prevent other elementary particle from flying around the universe and hung around other particle elements as if they had been starch syrup.

Hanging around other particle elements and it prevented...

No.35 21/05/11 22:21
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《The universe is made up with grains》

...and it prevented various other elementary particles from flying further, then weight appeared. The weight makes each of the weight link each other, after that an atomic nucleus, and an atom were born. It became a star, the sun was completed, in the next the earth was born.

Natural philosophers in the Ancient Greece thought, what was the thing which everything made from? And each of the philosophers framed hypothesis.

A philosopher named Democritus framed the hypothesis that all the...

No.36 21/05/13 15:06
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《The universe is made up with grains》

A philosopher named Democritus framed a hypothesis that all the materials and all the substance were made up with grains called an atom.

Needless to say, they had none of technical skill to watch the atom actually then, but as the technical skill made progress through times, we the human race have learned to watch them, and divided it minutely at last reached the elementary particle.

On the other hand, as making progress on the study of birth of the universe, giving a clear explanation on the...

No.37 21/05/13 16:28
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《The universe is made up with grains》

...giving a clear explanation on the movement of elementary particles and finding them actually became an important theme.

Both us the human race, the world, and the universe have started from the grains and have been made up with the grains. We the human race have tried to look for an ultimate cause on the universe through physics, and reached the elementary particles.

《Having wanted to produce a new material》

The author said he was going to express on the study on physics which is at present...

No.38 21/05/13 17:26
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Having wanted to produce a new material》

The author said he was going to start to express the study on physics which is related to our society at present from now on.

He said that an atom is divided into an atomic nucleus and electrons which go around the atomic nucleus, and the atomic nucleus is composed with neutrons and protons.

Then the number on protons decides a kind of atoms. For example, if the proton is 1, it’s hydrogen, if two, it’s helium. We’ve numbered from the smaller number on the proton in turn. It’s an atomic number.

No.39 21/05/13 17:38
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Having wanted to produce a new material》

In short, as to the atomic number, hydrogen is 1, and helium is 2.

There are various chemical elements in natural world, and the biggest number on the atomic number is uranium, it’s 92. It means that the number on proton of uranium is 92. There is none of the chemical element which is bigger than uranium in the natural world.

But scientists learned to want to make a new chemical element which doesn’t exist in the natural world. If making a neutron bump against the atomic nucleus of uranium....

No.40 21/05/13 18:28
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, form an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Having wanted to produce a new material》

If making a neutron bump against the atomic nucleus on uranium, a chemical element which no one has never seen may be born...scientists thought like that and an experiment of making the neutron bump against the atomic nucleus began to be done.

《A story on one more division》

Enrich Fermi who was Italian scientist discovered the one which didn’t seem to be uranium when the neutron bumped against the atomic nucleus. What happened then?

He announced a new chemical element which was bigger than...

No.41 21/05/13 18:52
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, form an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《A story on one more division》

The Italian scientist announced that a new chemical element which is bigger than uranium on the atomic number was born when the neutron bumped, but it wasn’t, for the atomic nucleus on uranium divided then.

Otto Hahn who was German scientist discovered it in an experiment, but he couldn’t reach the idea on nuclear fission by himself. He had a woman partner on the experiment. Her name was Lise Meitner.

She told Hahn on the idea of nuclear fission by letter. Originally they studied together in Germany.

No.42 21/05/13 19:08
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Other story on division》

They knew the announcement by Fermi, and made an experiment over and over again so as to discover what happened, but Meitner was Austrian of Jewish ancestry, so she was afraid of being persecuted from Nazis and planed to defect from Germany to Sweden. It was in 1938.

After defecting to Sweden, Meitner and Hahn who stayed in Germany exchanged letters and told various things on the study.

One day, Hahn written to Meitner for an advice.

When making the neutron bump against the atomic nucleus of uranium...

No.43 21/05/13 19:21
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Other story on division》

...then barium of which mass as half weight as on uranium appeared. What does it mean?

Meitner thought of a hypothesis on the nuclear fission then.

When the neutron bumped against the atomic nucleus of uranium, the atomic nucleus divided and other thing appeared. It’s the barium. If thinking like that, he could explain a result on the experiment to others well, she said by letter.

This was the first result of the study on nuclear fission and Hahn announced it with other partner on the study and won the...

No.44 21/05/13 19:41
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Other story on division》

...and won the Nobel Prize for chemistry, though Hahn could win but Meitner who thought of the nuclear fission couldn’t, for he didn’t show her name on the announcement at all because she was a Jew.

She wrote to Hahn like the next.

They studied together for forty years and cultivated friendship between them, but it was destroyed by his announcement.

Meitner was betrayed by her Germany study partner because she was a Jew. Their friendship divided like the nuclear fission.

《Manhattan project started》

No.45 21/05/13 19:57
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Manhattan project started》

In the announcement by Hahn in 1938, when nuclear fission happened, a large amount of energy was issued together.

When the neutron bumped against the atomic nucleus of uranium, the atomic nucleus absorbed the neutron and became unstable, so it was divided into two, at the same time some neutrons jumped out and bumped against other atomic nucleus, then the atomic nucleus divided and the neutrons appeared again.

Nuclear fission happened geometrically with this chain reaction. Even if a single nuclear...

No.46 21/05/13 20:15
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Manhattan project started》

Even if a single nuclear fission issued a large amount of energy, if causes the chain reaction in an instant, it was possible to make a powerful bomb no one had never thought. It’s a principle on the atomic bomb.

The study on nuclear fission by Hahn and Meitner was pure scientific one, but it linked to the production on the atomic bomb. Why?

It was nine months before the Second World War broke out because Germany invaded Poland when they were aware the principle on the principle of the nuclear fission.

No.47 21/05/13 20:29
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Manhattan project started》

As Nazis Germany expanded its influence, Jewish scientists who were afraid of persecution and oppression started to run away from Germany all together.

Jewish physicists who defected to America knew the study on Hahn and Meitner had a sense of impending crisis that Germany may produce a bomb of nuclear fission of uranium and use it so as to conquer all over the world.

Then Germany controlled already uranium mine in Czechoslovakia and started to forbid to export uranium from Germany. Moreover there was ...

No.48 21/05/13 20:44
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Manhattan project started》

Moreover there was information that uranium was transported to Germany every week, so everyone found it certain that Germany made progress of development on a nuclear weapon.

The defected Jewish scientists thought as if it had been a nightmare, so they tried to tell desperately Roosevelt who was the American President, but they were so nameless that they had no influence over the President.

Einstein also defected to America then, so they asked Einstein to write to the President. Thus Einstein accepted...

No.49 21/05/14 11:34
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, form an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Manhattan project started》

Thus Einstein accepted their proposal and wrote to the President in the U.S.A. He insisted in the letter that in this situation Germany would make a bomb of nuclear fission, so America should do before Germany.

This letter made America start a large scale of plan on development of nuclear power as national project. It’s Manhattan project.

Large amount of money were spent and lots of people were engaged in the project, finally some six hundred people joined in the project which was a top secret.

No.50 21/05/14 11:49
燻し銀三 ( 60代 ♂ IJ7P0b )

【Physics, from an elementary particle to nuclear power】

《Enrichment on uranium and depleted uranium ammunition 劣化ウラン弾》

They succeeded in enrichment on uranium in the Manhattan project.

There are two kinds of uranium in natural world. The one is uranium 235 which is done the nuclear fission easily and uranium 238 which isn’t easily.

Both of the number 235 and 238 is the total number of a proton and a neutron in a atomic nucleus. There are lots of uranium 238, but there are few of uranium 235. Its ration is uranium 235 is 0.7%, and almost all of other rest is uranium 238.

How is done...

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